Suboptimal health status and psychological symptoms among Chinese college students: a perspective of predictive, preventive and personalised health.

Background: Suboptimal health status (SHS) is an intermediate health status between health and illness, a syndrome characterised by the perception of health complaints, general weakness and low energy. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of SHS and the correlation between SHS and psychological symptoms among Chinese college students and to identify the SHS-related risk factors from the perspective of predictive, preventive and personalised medicine (PPPM).

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 4119 college students who were enrolled from Medical University and Vocational and Technical College in the eastern and western areas of China.

Radium-223 Inhibits Osseous Prostate Cancer Growth by Dual Targeting of Cancer Cells and Bone Microenvironment in Mouse Models.

Radium-223 dichloride (radium-223, Xofigo), a targeted alpha therapy, is currently used for the treatment of patients with castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) with bone metastases. This study examines the mode-of-action and antitumor efficacy of radium-223 in two prostate cancer xenograft models. Mice bearing intratibial LNCaP or LuCaP 58 tumors were randomized into groups ( = 12-17) based on lesion grade and/or serum PSA level and administered radium-223 (300 kBq/kg) or vehicle, twice at 4-week intervals.

Expression of metastasin S100A4 is essential for bone resorption and regulates osteoclast function.

Objective: S100A4 is a Ca-binding protein that regulates cell growth, survival, and motility. The abundant expression of S100A4 in rheumatiod arthritis contributes to the invasive growth of joint tissue and to bone damage. In the present study, we analysed the role of S100A4 in bone homeostasis.

ZP2307, a novel, cyclic PTH(1-17) analog that augments bone mass in ovariectomized rats.

Daily injections of human parathyroid hormone (1-34), hPTH(1-34), provide a highly effective treatment option for severe osteoporosis. However, PTH analogs shorter than 28 amino acids do not retain any bone augmenting potential. Here, we present ZP2307 ([Ac₅c¹, Aib³, Leu⁸, Gln¹⁰, Har¹¹, Ala¹², Trp¹⁴, Asp¹⁷]PTH(1-17)-NH₂), a novel, chemically modified and cyclized hPTH(1-17) analog, that augments bone mass in ovariectomized, osteopenic rats.

Effects of diet-induced obesity and voluntary wheel running on bone properties in young male C57BL/6J mice.

Both physical activity and body mass affect bone properties. In this study we examined how diet-induced obesity combined with voluntary physical activity affects bone properties. Forty 7-week-old male C57BL/6J mice were assigned to four groups evenly: control diet (C), control diet + running (CR), high-fat diet (HF, 60% energy from fat), and high-fat diet + running (HFR).

Overexpression of human hydroxysteroid (17beta) dehydrogenase 2 induces disturbance in skeletal development in young male mice.

To understand the function of human hydroxysteroid (17beta) dehydrogenase 2 (HSD17B2) in the peripheral tissues in vivo, we studied the bone development in transgenic male mice ubiquitously expressing human HSD17B2. Bones of HSD17B2TG and WT males (26 days and 2 and 6 mo old) were analyzed by pQCT and histomorphometry, and data were correlated with serum testosterone (T), IGF-I, and osteocalcin concentrations. At the age of 26 days, the body weight of HSD17B2TG males was significantly lower, and the lengths of the tibia and femur of the HSD17B2TG males were significantly shorter.

Short-term changes in serum PINP predict long-term changes in trabecular bone in the rat ovariectomy model.

Serum procollagen I N-terminal propeptide (PINP) is a sensitive bone formation marker in humans. We have developed a nonradioactive immunoassay for rat PINP and studied PINP as a bone formation marker in the rat ovariectomy (OVX) model. Two OVX studies were performed with 3-month-old rats, both including measurement of PINP, C-terminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX), and N-terminal mid-fragment of osteocalcin.

Secreted tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b is a Marker of osteoclast number in human osteoclast cultures and the rat ovariectomy model.

Purpose: To study the effects of estrogen withdrawal on osteoclast number and osteoclast activity in the rat ovariectomy (OVX) model.

Methods: We first cultured human CD34+ osteoclast precursor cells on bovine bone slices, allowing them to differentiate into mature resorbing osteoclasts. Secreted tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRACP 5b) and C-terminal cross-linked telopeptides of type I collagen (CTX) were determined from the culture medium.

High dietary phosphate intake reduces bone strength in the growing rat skeleton.

Unlabelled: Nutrition influences peak bone mass development in early adulthood. The effect of high dietary phosphate intake on the growing skeleton of 1-month-old male rats (n = 30) was assessed in an 8-week intervention. High dietary phosphate intake increased bone remodeling and impaired bone material properties, diminishing bone mechanical strength.

Death of osteocytes turns off the inhibition of osteoclasts and triggers local bone resorption.

Osteocytes have been suggested to play a role in the regulation of bone resorption, although their effect on bone turnover has remained controversial. In order to study this open question, we developed an organ culture system based on isolated rat calvaria, where the osteocyte viability and its effect on osteoclastic bone resorption can be monitored. Our results suggest that osteocytes are constitutively negative regulators of osteoclastic activity.

Estrogen responsiveness of bone formation in vitro and altered bone phenotype in aged estrogen receptor-alpha-deficient male and female mice.

Objective: Although the beneficial effects of estrogen on bone are well known, the roles of estrogen receptors (ERs) in mediating these effects are not fully understood.

Methods: To study the effects of long-term ER alpha deficiency, bone phenotype was studied in aged ER alpha knockout (ERKO) mice. In addition, ERKO osteoclasts and osteoblasts were cultured in vitro.

Skeletal changes in transgenic male mice expressing human cytochrome p450 aromatase.

Unlabelled: In this study, we showed that overexpressing P450 aromatase in male mice can increase bone mass and strengthen the tibia. Probably as a result of the action of products of local estrogen biosynthesis at different stages of life, the increased bone mass in young mice was induced by decreased bone turnover, but in aged animals, it was induced by increased bone formation.

Introduction: To understand the skeletal responses to the testosterone/estrogen balance, especially to excess estrogen produced by extragonadal biosynthesis, we investigated the bone changes in transgenic mice overexpressing human aromatase.

A novel immunoassay for the determination of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b from rat serum.

Osteoclasts secrete tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRACP 5b) into the circulation. We have developed an immunoassay for the determination of rat TRACP 5b activity. Intra-assay variation of the immunoassay was 4.