The potential correlations between cell-free extracts from grown under low-oxygen conditions and volatile organic compounds in Chinese-style sausage.

Limited research has explored the use of cell-free extracts (RCFE) in meat processing. To examine the potential application of RCFE in improving the flavor quality of Chinese-style sausage, in this study, we investigated the effects and mechanisms of RCFE grown under low-oxygen conditions on the flavor development of Chinese-style sausage, using GC-MS and 4D label-free proteomics. The GC-MS analysis detected 60 volatile organic compounds, with significant increases in acids, esters, and alcohols following the addition of RCFE ( < 0.

Dynamic Changes and Potential Correlations between Microbial Diversity and Volatile Flavor Compounds in Chinese Medium-Temperature Daqu during Manufacturing.

To investigate the dynamic changes and potential correlations between microbial diversity and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) during Chinese medium-temperature Daqu (MTD) manufacturing at different key stages, in this study, high-throughput sequencing (HTS) and gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (GC-IMS) were employed to analyze the microbial diversity and VOCs of MTD, respectively. The results showed that , , , , and were the dominant bacterial genera, while , , , , , and were the dominant fungal genera. A total of 61 VOCs were detected by GC-IMS, among which, 13 differential VOCs (VIP > 1) were identified, that could be used as potential biomarkers to judge the fermentation stage of MTD.

Non-targeted metabolomic analysis of non-volatile metabolites in a novel Chinese industrially fermented low-salt kohlrabi.

Low-temperature and low-salt fermented Chinese kohlrabi (LSCK) represents a novel approach to producing low-salt kohlrabi without the need for desalination during processing, as compared to traditional techniques. However, the profile of its non-volatile metabolites remains unclear. In order to investigate the non-volatile metabolites and their changes in LSCK during fermentation, the LSCKs fermented for 0 day (0D), 45 days (45D) and 90 days (90D) were analyzed using LC-MS/MS non-targeted metabolomics coupled with multivariate statistical analysis.

Microbial Diversity and Community Structure of Chinese Fresh Beef during Cold Storage and Their Correlations with Off-Flavors.

To investigate the diversity and dynamics of microorganisms in Chinese fresh beef (CFB) without acid discharge treatment during cold storage, high-throughput sequencing was employed to analyze the CFB refrigerated for 0, 3, 7, and 10 days. The results showed that the community richness of the fungi and bacteria decreased significantly. However, the diversity decreased in the early stage and increased in the later stage.

The Contribution of Microorganisms to the Quality and Flavor Formation of Chinese Traditional Fermented Meat and Fish Products.

Guizhou sour meat and sour fish, Chaoshan fish sauce, Sichuan sausage and bacon, Cantonese sausage, Jinhua ham, and Xinjiang air-dried beef are eight representatives of Chinese traditional fermented meat and fish products (FMFPs), which are favored by Chinese consumers due to their high nutritional value and quality. The quality of the spontaneously fermented Chinese traditional FMFP is closely correlated with microorganisms. Moreover, the dominant microorganisms are significantly different due to regional differences.

[Design and validation of a novel knee biomechanical test method].

A novel structural dynamics test method and device were designed to test the biomechanical effects of dynamic axial loading on knee cartilage and meniscus. Firstly, the maximum acceleration signal-to-noise ratio of the experimental device was calculated by applying axial dynamic load to the experimental device under unloaded condition with different force hammers. Then the experimental samples were divided into non-specimen group (no specimen loaded), sham specimen group (loaded with polypropylene samples) and bovine knee joint specimen group (loaded with bovine knee joint samples) for testing.

The Volatile Flavor Substances, Microbial Diversity, and Their Potential Correlations of Inner and Surface Areas within Chinese Qingcheng Mountain Traditional Bacon.

The objective of this study was to explore the microbial diversity, volatile flavor substances, and their potential correlations in inner and surface Chinese Qingcheng Mountain traditional bacon (CQTB). The results showed that there were 39 volatile flavor substances in inner and surface CQTB detected by headspace solid-phase microextraction and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS). Moreover, significant differences in volatile flavor substances between the inner and surface CQTB were observed.

Emerging algal organic matter from simulated on-line chemical cleaning of ultrafiltration membranes treating algae-containing water.

Massive reproduction of algae due to the eutrophication of water body poses a new challenge to the water ecosystem. Despite ultrafiltration (UF) acting as an effective method to treat algae-containing waters, on-line chemical cleaning is frequently utilized to sustain the permeability of UF membranes. However, little attention is currently paid on the side-effects of practical on-line chemical cleaning on aqueous environments.

Potential Correlation between Microbial Diversity and Volatile Flavor Substances in a Novel Chinese-Style Sausage during Storage.

A novel Chinese-style sausage with Chinese traditional fermented condiments used as additional ingredients is produced in this study. The aim of this study was to investigate the microbial community's structure, the volatile flavor substances and their potential correlation in the novel Chinese sausage. High-throughput sequencing (HTS) and solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) were, respectively, used to analyze the microbial diversity and volatile flavor substances of the novel Chinese-style sausage during storage.

Low-Dose Ketamine-Induced Deficits in Arbitrary Visuomotor Mapping in Monkeys.

Ketamine, an NMDA antagonist, is widely used in clinical settings. Recently, low-dose ketamine has gained attention because of its promising role as a rapid antidepressant. However, the effects of low-dose ketamine on brain function, particularly higher cognitive functions of primate brains, are not fully understood.

Reticulated Polyamide Thin-Film Nanocomposite Membranes Incorporated with 2D Boron Nitride Nanosheets for High-Performance Nanofiltration.

Nanofiltration (NF) technology has been widely used in saline wastewater treatment due to its unique separation mechanism. However, the NF membrane, as the core of the nanofiltration technology, is restricted by the trade-off between permeability and selectivity, which greatly restricts the development of NF membranes. The interlamellar arrangement of 2D boron nitride nanosheets (BNNSs) can provide additional transport channels and selectivity, as well as strong adsorption capacity due to its high specific surface area, exhibiting significant potential for advanced membranes.

Curcumin Alleviates Oxidative Stress, Neuroinflammation, and Promotes Behavioral Recovery After Traumatic Brain Injury.

Background: Neuroinflammation and oxidative stress after traumatic brain injury (TBI) can further lead to neuronal apoptosis, which plays a crucial role in the process of neuron death. Curcumin, which is derived from the rhizome of the Curcuma longa plant, has multiple pharmacological effects.

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate whether curcumin treatment has neuroprotective effects after TBI, and to elucidate the underlying mechanism.

Advanced water treatment process by simultaneous coupling granular activated carbon (GAC) and powdered carbon with ultrafiltration: Role of GAC particle shape and powdered carbon type.

In current ultrafiltration systems, limited removal for small-sized contaminants and membrane fouling remain longstanding obstacles to overcome. Herein, a novel process by simultaneous coupling powered carbon (PC) and fluidized granular activated carbon (GAC) with ultrafiltration was proposed aiming to achieve high effluent quality and mitigated membrane fouling. This study conducted mechanistic explorations on the performances of different-shaped GAC particles on fouling control and PC release during fluidization, meanwhile comparing the utilizations of powdered activated carbon (PAC) and biochar in terms of their adsorption, deposition and interactions with aquatic contaminants during filtration.

Modulating Brain Activity with Invasive Brain-Computer Interface: A Narrative Review.

Brain-computer interface (BCI) can be used as a real-time bidirectional information gateway between the brain and machines. In particular, rapid progress in invasive BCI, propelled by recent developments in electrode materials, miniature and power-efficient electronics, and neural signal decoding technologies has attracted wide attention. In this review, we first introduce the concepts of neuronal signal decoding and encoding that are fundamental for information exchanges in BCI.

Microbial diversity of meat products under spoilage and its controlling approaches.

Meat spoilage (MS) is a complex microbial ecological process involving multiple specific microbial interactions. MS is detrimental to people's health and leads to the waste of meat products which caused huge losses during production, storage, transportation, and marketing. A thorough understanding of microorganisms related to MS and their controlling approaches is a necessary prerequisite for delaying the occurrence of MS and developing new methods and strategies for meat product preservation.

GC-TOF-MS-Based Non-Targeted Metabolomic Analysis of Differential Metabolites in Chinese Ultra-Long-Term Industrially Fermented Kohlrabi and Their Associated Metabolic Pathways.

Fermented kohlrabi is a very popular side dish in China. Chinese kohlrabies industrially fermented for 0 years (0Y), 5 years (5Y), and 10 years (10Y) were employed and analyzed by non-targeted metabolomics based on GC-TOF-MS, and the differential metabolites were screened using multivariate statistical analysis techniques, including principal component analysis (PCA) and orthogonal partial least squares discrimination analysis (OPLS-DA). The results showed that 47, 38, and 33 differential metabolites were identified in the three treatment groups of 0Y and 5Y (A1), 0Y and 10Y (A2), and 5Y and 10Y (A3), respectively (VIP > 1, p < 0.

Characterization of Quality Properties in Spoiled Mianning Ham.

Deep spoilage is a cyclical and costly problem for the meat industry. Mianning ham is a famous dry-cured meat product in Sichuan, China. The aim of this work was to investigate the physicochemical characteristics, sources of odor, and associated microorganisms that cause spoilage of Mianning ham.

Molecular simulations of the effects of substitutions on the dissolution properties of amorphous cellulose acetate.

The dissolution behavior of cellulose acetate (CA) is an extremely important property in its extensive applications and preparation of derivatives. In this paper, we proposed a molecular model building strategy to construct amorphous CA with various substituent distributions (different degrees of substitution and substitution positions). A protocol combing molecular dynamics simulation and density functional theory (DFT) was applied to systematically investigate the dissolution behavior of CAs, and the structural properties of CAs.

[Ecological Quality Assessment of the Wetlands in Beijing: Based on Plant Diversity].

Wetland plant diversity reveals key aspects of the environmental and ecological status of wetlands and plays an important role in the maintenance of ecosystem functions and services. The present study surveyed the plant species diversity of 22 wetlands in Beijing and, combining field data and remote sensing data, evaluated ecological qualities of the wetlands based on indicators of habitat status, plant species diversity, typical wetland plant community, and status of alien plant invasion. A total of 338 species (including varieties and subspecies) belonging to 220 genera of 74 families of wetland plants were recorded in Beijing.

An Artificial Pathway for -Hydroxy-Pipecolic Acid Production From L-Lysine in .

-hydroxy-pipecolic acid (NHP) is a hydroxylated product of pipecolic acid and an important systemic acquired resistance signal molecule. However, the biosynthesis of NHP does not have a natural metabolic pathway in microorganisms. Here, we designed and constructed a promising artificial pathway in for the first time to produce NHP from biomass-derived lysine.

Effects of the Local Bone Renin-Angiotensin System on Titanium-Particle-Induced Periprosthetic Osteolysis.

Wear particles may induce osteoclast formation and osteoblast inhibition that lead to periprosthetic osteolysis (PPOL) and subsequent aseptic loosening, which is the primary reason for total joint arthroplasty failure. Local bone renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has been found to participate in the pathogenic process of various bone-related diseases via promoting bone resorption and inhibiting bone formation. However, it remains unclear whether and how local bone RAS participates in wear-particle-induced PPOL.

A Review: Microbial Diversity and Function of Fermented Meat Products in China.

Fermented meat products have a long history in China. These products exhibit a characteristic unique flavor, compact meat quality, clear color, long shelf life and wide variety and are easy to transport. During the processing and storage of fermented meat products, microorganisms are present and exhibit diverse characteristics.

Establishment and Evaluation of a Novel High-Efficiency Model of Graded Traumatic Brain Injury in Mice.

Background: Although previous studies have made significant contributions to establishing animal traumatic brain injury (TBI) models for simulation of human TBI, the accuracy, controllability, and modeling efficiency of animal TBI models need to be further improved. This study established a novel high-efficiency graded mouse TBI model induced by shock wave.

Methods: A total of 125 mice were randomly divided into sham, 0.