Sodium alginate hydrogel loaded with Capparis spinosa L. extract for antimicrobial and antioxidant wound dressing applications.

Novel composite hydrogels composed of Capparis spinosa L. extract (CSL) and sodium alginate (SA) were developed for biomedical applications using calcium chloride (CaCl₂) as a nontoxic ionic crosslinker. The swelling degree, antioxidant activity, water retention, and biocompatibility of the CSL/SA composite hydrogels were thoroughly analyzed, along with their antibacterial properties.

Solving initial-terminal value problem of time evolutions by a deep least action method: Newtonian dynamics and wave equations.

We introduce a deep least action method (DLAM) rooted in the principle of least action to solve the trajectory of an evolution problem. DLAM offers an efficient unsupervised solution and can be applied once the action or Lagrangian of the concerned physical system is clear, totally avoiding the differential equations. As required by the least action principle, we incorporate a normalized deep neural network to exactly satisfy the initial-terminal value conditions; thus the evolution problem is transformed into an unconstrained optimization problem.

Molecular level study of the formation and the spread of MoO3 on Au(111) by scanning tunneling microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.

The formation of MoO(3) and its spontaneous spread over an Au (111) surface have been studied by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). Metallic Mo clusters grown by Mo(CO)(6) chemical vapor deposition (CVD) have a constant size independent of the Mo coverage. Molecular oxygen does not react with low coverage of Mo, probably due to the encapsulation of the Mo clusters by Au.

Activation of gold on titania: adsorption and reaction of SO(2) on Au/TiO(2)(110).

Synchrotron-based high-resolution photoemission and first-principles density-functional slab calculations were used to study the interaction of gold with titania and the chemistry of SO(2) on Au/TiO(2)(110) surfaces. The deposition of Au nanoparticles on TiO(2)(110) produces a system with an extraordinary ability to adsorb and dissociate SO(2). In this respect, Au/TiO(2) is much more chemically active than metallic gold or stoichiometric titania.