C-reactive protein to albumin ratio and Glasgow Coma Scale score as the predictors for weaning outcomes in traumatic brain injury.

Objective: To identify the prognostic value of C-reactive protein to albumin ratio (CRP/ALB, CAR) and Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) score in the weaning outcomes of mechanical ventilation (MV) in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Methods: Medical records of patients with TBI who were hospitalized at The Third Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical University between January 2018 and September 2023 were collected and analysed. The patients were divided into the weaning success group and the weaning failure group.

The pathogenesis and management of heatstroke and heatstroke-induced lung injury.

In the past two decades, record-breaking heat waves have caused an increasing number of heat-related deaths, including heatstroke, globally. Heatstroke is a life-threatening systemic condition characterized by a core body temperature >40°C and the subsequent development of multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Lung injury is a well-documented complication of heatstroke and is usually the secondary cause of patient death.

The mechanisms behind heatstroke-induced intestinal damage.

With the frequent occurrence of heatwaves, heatstroke (HS) is expected to become one of the main causes of global death. Being a multi-organized disease, HS can result in circulatory disturbance and systemic inflammatory response, with the gastrointestinal tract being one of the primary organs affected. Intestinal damage plays an initiating and promoting role in HS.

Heat stress suppresses MnSOD expression via p53-Sp1 interaction and induces oxidative stress damage in endothelial cells: Protective effects of MitoQ10 and Pifithrin-α.

Aim: To investigate the mechanism of p53-mediated suppression of heat stress-induced oxidative stress damage by manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) in endothelial cells (ECs).

Methods: Primary ECs isolated from mouse aortas were used to examine the effects of heat stress on vascular ECs viability and apoptosis. We measured MnSOD expression, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, p53 expression, viability, and apoptosis of heat stress-induced ECs.

Multiple intracranial enlarging dissecting aneurysms: a case report.

Background: Cases of multiple cerebral aneurysms are rare. In this case report, we describe a male patient with multiple, enlarging, and ruptured aneurysms. The two aneurysms were believed to be dissecting aneurysms.

Heat stress-induced intestinal epithelial cells necroptosis via TLR3-TRIF-RIP3 pathway was dependent on p53.

Background: Heatstroke is a life-threatening disease. Present study was aimed to investigate the mechanism in heat induced intestinal epithelial cell death.

Method: Heat stress in vitro model was established on IEC cells with 42℃ for 2 h.

POLYDATIN AMELIORATES TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY-INDUCED SECONDARY BRAIN INJURY BY INHIBITING NLRP3-INDUCED NEUROINFLAMMATION ASSOCIATED WITH SOD2 ACETYLATION.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a kind of disease with high morbidity, mortality, and disability, and its pathogenesis is still unclear. Research shows that nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor containing pyrin domain 3 (NLRP3) activation in neurons and astrocytes is involved in neuroinflammatory cascades after TBI. What is more, polydatin (PD) has been shown to have a protective effect on TBI-induced neuroinflammation, but the mechanisms remain unclear.

Correction: A hybrid GaN/GaO structure anchored on carbon cloth as a high-performance electrode of supercapacitors.

Correction for 'A hybrid GaN/GaO structure anchored on carbon cloth as a high-performance electrode of supercapacitors' by Yan-Ling Hu, , , 2022, https://doi.org/10.1039/d2dt02904a.

A hybrid GaN/GaO structure anchored on carbon cloth as a high-performance electrode of supercapacitors.

A hybrid structure of GaN/GaO microrods was fabricated on carbon cloth (CC) using a hydrothermal process combined with a high-temperature nitridation followed by an air annealing process. By elevating the post-annealing temperature to 500 °C, both electron density () and specific capacitance () of the composite electrode were significantly enhanced. Symmetric SCs assembled with GaN/CC-500 showed great potential in both 1 M HSO aqueous solution and a PVA-HSO gel-like electrolyte.

The role of S100B/RAGE-enhanced ADAM17 activation in endothelial glycocalyx shedding after traumatic brain injury.

Background: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains one of the main causes for disability and death worldwide. While the primary mechanical injury cannot be avoided, the prevention of secondary injury is the focus of TBI research. Present study aimed to elucidate the effects and mechanisms of S100B and its receptor RAGE on mediating secondary injury after TBI.

Predicting early refractoriness of transarterial chemoembolization in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma using a random forest algorithm: A pilot study.

To develop and validate a random forest (RF) based predictive model of early refractoriness to transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) in patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). A total of 227 patients with unresectable HCC who initially treated with TACE from three independent institutions were retrospectively included. Following a random split, 158 patients (70%) were assigned to a training cohort and the remaining 69 patients (30%) were assigned to a validation cohort.

Damaged brain accelerates bone healing by releasing small extracellular vesicles that target osteoprogenitors.

Clinical evidence has established that concomitant traumatic brain injury (TBI) accelerates bone healing, but the underlying mechanism is unclear. This study shows that after TBI, injured neurons, mainly those in the hippocampus, release osteogenic microRNA (miRNA)-enriched small extracellular vesicles (sEVs), which targeted osteoprogenitors in bone to stimulate bone formation. We show that miR-328a-3p and miR-150-5p, enriched in the sEVs after TBI, promote osteogenesis by directly targeting the 3'UTR of FOXO4 or CBL, respectively, and hydrogel carrying miR-328a-3p-containing sEVs efficiently repaires bone defects in rats.

Polydatin alleviates severe traumatic brain injury induced acute lung injury by inhibiting S100B mediated NETs formation.

Severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI)-induced acute lung injury (sTBI-ALI) is regarded as the most common complication of sTBI that is an independent predictor of poor outcomes in patients with sTBI and strongly increases sTBI mortality. Polydatin (PD) has been shown to have a potential therapeutic effect on sTBI-induced neurons injury and sepsis-induced acute lung injury (ALI), therefore, it is reasonable to believe that PD has a protective effect on sTBI-ALI. Here, to clarify the PD protective effect following sTBI-ALI, a rat brain injury model of lateral fluid percussion was established to mimic sTBI.

Endothelial glycocalyx in traumatic brain injury associated coagulopathy: potential mechanisms and impact.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) remains one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide; more than 10 million people are hospitalized for TBI every year around the globe. While the primary injury remains unavoidable and not accessible to treatment, the secondary injury which includes oxidative stress, inflammation, excitotoxicity, but also complicating coagulation abnormalities, is potentially avoidable and profoundly affects the therapeutic process and prognosis of TBI patients. The endothelial glycocalyx, the first line of defense against endothelial injury, plays a vital role in maintaining the delicate balance between blood coagulation and anticoagulation.

Evaluation of isolated left ventricular noncompaction using cardiac magnetic resonance tissue tracking in global, regional and layer-specific strains.

We used cardiac magnetic resonance tissue tracking (CMR-TT) to quantitatively analyze the global, regional and layer-specific strain of isolated left ventricular noncompaction (ILVNC). Combined with late gadolinium enhancement (LGE), we initially explored the effect of focal myocardial fibrosis on myocardial strain. CMR was performed in 63 patients with ILVNC and 52 patients without ILVNC (i.

Current updates in machine learning in the prediction of therapeutic outcome of hepatocellular carcinoma: what should we know?

With the development of machine learning (ML) algorithms, a growing number of predictive models have been established for predicting the therapeutic outcome of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after various treatment modalities. By using the different combinations of clinical and radiological variables, ML algorithms can simulate human learning to detect hidden patterns within the data and play a critical role in artificial intelligence techniques. Compared to traditional statistical methods, ML methods have greater predictive effects.

Motion-corrected free-breathing late gadolinium enhancement combined with a gadolinium contrast agent with a high relaxation rate: an optimized cardiovascular magnetic resonance examination protocol.

Objective: This prospective study investigated the feasibility of an optimized cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) examination protocol using the motion-corrected (MOCO), balanced steady-state free precession (bSSFP), phase-sensitive inversion recovery (PSIR) sequence combined with a gadolinium contrast agent with a high relaxation rate in patients who cannot hold their breath.

Methods: Fifty-one patients with heart disease underwent CMR examinations twice and these were performed with different late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) imaging sequences (fast low-angle shot [FLASH] sequence vs. MOCO sequence) and different gadolinium contrast agents (gadopentetate dimeglumine vs.

Preventing necroptosis by scavenging ROS production alleviates heat stress-induced intestinal injury.

Worldwide heat stroke incidence has increased in recent years and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Therefore, it is critical to identify mechanisms that mediate heat stroke. Previous studies suggested that damage to the small intestine may be a major factor in heat stroke-related morbidity and mortality.

Ser46 phosphorylation of p53 is an essential event in prolyl-isomerase Pin1-mediated p53-independent apoptosis in response to heat stress.

Heat stroke has increased in frequency worldwide in recent years and continues to have a high morbidity and mortality. Identification of the mechanisms mediating heat stoke is important and necessary. Our preliminary study revealed heat stress (HS)-induced apoptosis of vascular endothelial cells was associated with reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced p53 translocation into mitochondria.

[Role of cytoplasmic p53-mediated suppression of autophagy in heat stress-induced injury of cultured mouse aortic endothelial cells].

Objective: To explore the association of cytoplasmic p53 with autophagy and apoptosis of primary aortic endothelial cells (MAECs) exposed to heat stress.

Methods: Cultured mouse MAECs were exposed to heat stress induced by incubation at 43 ℃ for 2 h, with the cells in routine culture condition (37 ℃, 5% CO) as the control group. All the cells were further incubated for 1, 3, 6 or 9 h at 37 ℃ before treatment with the autophagy inhibitor 3-MA (5 mmol/L), the autophagy inducer rapamycin (20 μmol/L), or the p53 inhibitor PFT (10 μmol/L) for 1 h.

Microwave-Hydrothermal Treated Grape Peel as an Efficient Biosorbent for Methylene Blue Removal.

Biosorption using agricultural wastes has been proven as a low cost and efficient way for wastewater treatment. Herein, grape peel treated by microwave- and conventional-hydrothermal processes was used as low cost biosorbent to remove methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solutions. The adsorption parameters including the initial pH value, dosage of biosorbents, contact time, and initial MB concentration were investigated to find the optimum adsorption conditions.

Heat stress induces intestinal injury through lysosome- and mitochondria-dependent pathway in vivo and in vitro.

Damage to the small intestine secondary to heat stroke is a major factor in heat stroke-related morbidity and mortality. However, the underlying mechanisms by which heat stroke causes small intestinal lesions and dysfunction remain unclear. To explore the pathogenesis of small intestinal tissue and epithelial cell injury, the SW480 cell heat stress model and the mice heat stroke model were established to mimic heat stroke.

Dormant micro arteriovenous malformations lead to recurrent cerebral haemorrhage.

Introduction: Some micro arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) located in deep brain are undetectable. How to choose a proper timing to detect these AVMs remains unclear.

Case Description: A 21-year-old male patient was admitted to our center for intraventricular haematoma.

Determinations of trace boron in superalloys and steels using laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy assisted with laser-induced fluorescence.

Boron (B) is widely applied in microalloying of metals. As a typical light element, however, determination of boron in alloys with complex matrix spectra is still a challenge for laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) due to its weak line intensities in the UV-visible-NIR range and strong spectral interference from the matrix spectra. In this study, a wavelength-tunable laser was used to enhance the intensities of boron lines selectively.

Know thyself: misperceptions of actual performance undermine achievement motivation, future performance, and subjective well-being.

Contrary to the popular assumption that self-enhancement improves task motivation and future performance, the authors propose that both inflated and deflated self-assessments of performance are linked to an increased likelihood of practicing self-handicapping and having relatively poor performance in future tasks. Consistent with this proposal, we found that irrespective of the level of actual performance, compared with accurate self-assessment, both inflated and deflated self-assessments of task performance are associated with a greater tendency to (a) practice self-handicapping (Study 1: prefer to work under distraction; Study 2: withhold preparatory effort), (b) perform relatively poorly in a subsequent task (Study 3), (c) have relatively low academic achievement (Study 4), and (d) report a relatively low level of subjective well-being (Study 5). The authors discuss these results in terms of their educational implications.