BZR1 targets steroid 22-alpha hydroxylase 4 to negatively regulates cell elongation in bamboo.

Moso bamboo is renowned for its exceptional growth rate, driven by rapid cell proliferation and elongation in culm internodes. This study uncovers the novel role of brassinosteroids (BRs) in regulating bamboo shoot growth, revealing a previously unknown negative correlation between BR levels and growth rates. Notably, we identify BRASSINAZOLE RESISTANT1 (BZR1) acts as a key transcription factor in BR signaling, governing the expression of genes involved in BR biosynthesis and growth.

Identification and characterization of the auxin-response factor family in moso bamboo reveals that PeARF41 negatively regulates second cell wall formation.

Auxin response factors (ARFs) are key transcriptional factors mediating the transcriptional of auxin-related genes that play crucial roles in a range of plant metabolic activities. The characteristics of 47 PeARFs, identified in moso bamboo and divided into three classes, were evaluated. Structural feature analysis showed that intron numbers ranged from 3 to 14, while Motif 1, 2, 7 and 10 were highly conserved, altogether forming DNA-binding and ARF domains.

Comparison analysis of ABCG subfamily in bamboo and the potential function of PeABCG15 in monolignol transport.

Lignin is a principal component of secondary cell wall and plays vital roles in various biological processes. In this study, 68 and 42 members of ABC transporter G subfamily (ABCG) were identified in Bambusa amplexicaulis and Olyra latifolia, which were less than that of 77 in moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis). Collinearity analysis showed that ABCGs had undergone robust purifying selection with lower functional differentiation.

MnO@CeO-GAMP radiosensitizer with oxygen vacancies depended mimicking enzyme-like activities for radiosensitization-mediated STING pathway activation.

Activation of the stimulator of interferon genes (STING) pathway by radiotherapy (RT) has a significant effect on eliciting antitumor immune responses. The generation of hydroxyl radical (·OH) storm and the sensitization of STING-relative catalytic reactions could improve radiosensitization-mediated STING activation. Herein, multi-functional radiosensitizer with oxygen vacancies depended mimicking enzyme-like activities was fabricated to produce more dsDNA which benefits intracellular 2', 3'-cyclic GMP-AMP (cGAMP) generation, together with introducing exogenous cGAMP to activate immune response.

A Bamboo HD-Zip Transcription Factor PeHDZ72 Conferred Drought Tolerance by Promoting Sugar and Water Transport.

Drought drastically affects plant growth, development and productivity. Plants respond to drought stress by enhancing sugar accumulation and water transport. Homeodomain-leucine zipper (HD-Zip) transcription factors (TFs) participate in various aspects of plant growth and stress response.

A hierarchical ubiquitination-mediated regulatory module controls bamboo lignin biosynthesis.

The lignocellulosic feedstock of woody bamboo shows promising potential as an alternative to conventional wood, attributed to its excellent properties. The content and distribution of lignin serve as the foundation of these properties. While the regulation of lignin biosynthesis in bamboo has been extensively studied at the transcriptional level, its posttranslational control has remained poorly understood.

Expression and function analysis of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase genes involved in Bamboo lignin biosynthesis.

Bamboo, renowned as the fastest-growing plant globally, matures within an astonishingly short period of 40-50 days from shoots, reaching heights of 10-20 meters. Moreover, it can be harvested for various uses within 3-5 years. Bamboo exhibits exceptional mechanical properties, characterized by high hardness and flexibility, largely attributed to its lignin content.

Identification and characterization of FBA genes in moso bamboo reveals PeFBA8 related to photosynthetic carbon metabolism.

Fructose 1,6-bisphosphate aldolase (FBA) is a pivotal enzyme, which plays a critical role in fixing CO through the process of in the Calvin cycle. In this study, a comprehensive exploration of the FBA family genes in moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) was conducted by the bioinformatics and biological analyses. A total of nine FBA genes (PeFBA1-PeFBA9) were identified in the moso bamboo genome.

Overview of the environmental risks of microplastics and their controlled degradation from the perspective of free radicals.

Owing to the significant environmental threat posed by microplastics (MPs) of varying properties, MPs research has garnered considerable attention in current academic discourse. Addressing MPs in river-lake water systems, existing studies have seldom systematically revealed the role of free radicals in the aging/degradation process of MPs. Hence, this review aims to first analyze the pollution distribution and environmental risks of MPs in river-lake water systems and to elaborate the crucial role of free radicals in them.

Regulatory networks of senescence-associated gene-transcription factors promote degradation in Moso bamboo shoots.

Bamboo cultivation, particularly Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis), holds significant economic importance in various regions worldwide. Bamboo shoot degradation (BSD) severely affects productivity and economic viability. However, despite its agricultural consequences, the molecular mechanisms underlying BSD remain unclear.

Evolutionary relationship of moso bamboo forms and a multihormone regulatory cascade involving culm shape variation.

Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) known as Mao Zhu (MZ) in Chinese exhibits various forms with distinct morphological characteristics. However, the evolutionary relationship among MZ forms and the mechanisms of culm shape variation are still lacking. Here, the main differences among MZ forms were identified as culm shape variation, which were confirmed by analysing MZ forms (799 bamboo culms) and MZ (458 bamboo culms) populations.

Ultrasensitive TiCTx@Pt-Based Immunochromatography with Catalytic Amplification and a Dual Signal for the Detection of Chloramphenicol in Animal-Derived Foods.

Herein, a catalytic amplification enhanced dual-signal immunochromatographic assay (ICA) based on Pt nanoparticles (Pt NPs) modified with TiCTx MXene (TiCTx@Pt) was first developed for chloramphenicol (CAP) in animal-derived foods. Due to the large specific surface area and abundant active sites of TiCTx@Pt, they can be loaded with hundreds of Pt NPs to enhance their catalytic activity, resulting in a significant increase in the detection sensitivity; the sensitivity was up to 50-fold more sensitive than the reported ICA for CAP. The LODs of the developed method for milk/chicken/fish were 0.

A bamboo 'PeSAPK4-PeMYB99-PeTIP4-3' regulatory model involved in water transport.

Water plays crucial roles in expeditious growth and osmotic stress of bamboo. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanism of water transport remains unclear. In this study, an aquaporin gene, PeTIP4-3, was identified through a joint analysis of root pressure and transcriptomic data in moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis).

A bamboo bHLH transcription factor PeRHL4 has dual functions in enhancing drought and phosphorus starvation tolerance.

ROOTHAIRLESS (RHL) is a typical type of basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor (TF), which has been reported to participate in various aspects of plant growth and in response to stress. However, the functions of RHL subfamily members in moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) remain unknown. In this study, we identified 14 bHLH genes (PeRHL1-PeRHL14) in moso bamboo.

Unveiling the Biological Function of FBA6 () through the Identification of the Fructose-1,6-Bisphosphate Aldolase Gene.

Fructose-1,6-bisphosphate aldolase (FBA) is a pivotal enzyme in various metabolic pathways, including glycolysis, gluconeogenesis, and the Calvin cycle. It plays a critical role in CO fixation. Building on previous studies on the gene family in Moso bamboo, our study revealed the biological function of .

Chloroplast genome of Calamus tetradactylus revealed rattan phylogeny.

Background: Calamus tetradactylus, a species primarily distributed in Vietnam, Laos, and southern China, is highly valued for its utilization as a small-diameter rattan material. While its physical and mechanical properties have been extensively studied, the genomic characteristics of C. tetradactylus remain largely unexplored.

Spatial dynamics and risk assessment of phosphorus in the river sediment continuum (Qinhuai River basin, China).

This study investigated the concentration and fractionation of phosphorus (P) using sequential P extraction and their influencing factors by introducing the PLS-SEM model (partial least squares structural equation model) along this continuum from the Qinhuai River. The results showed that the average concentrations of inorganic P (IP) occurred in the following order: urban sediment (1499.1 mg/kg) > suburban sediment (846.

Contribution of O in the efficient degradation of organic pollutants with Cu/CuO/CuO@N-C activated peroxymonosulfate: A Case study with tetracycline.

Peroxymonosulfate-mediated advanced oxidation processes (PMS-AOPs) degrading organic pollutants (Tetracycline (TC) as an example) in water with singlet oxygen (O) as the main reactive oxygen has received more and more attention. However, the generation mechanism of O is still unclear. Consequently, this study investigates the O formation mechanism during the activated PMS process using a nitrogen-copper-loaded carbon-based material (Cu/CuO/CuO@N-C), synthesized by thermally decomposing organobase-modified HKUST-1 via a one-pot method.

Core-Shell Au@Pd Bimetallic Nanozyme Mediated Mild Photothermal Therapy through Reactive Oxygen Species-Regulating Tumor Thermoresistance.

Mild photothermal therapy (mPTT), which circumvents the limitations of conventional photothermal therapy, is emerging and exhibits remarkable potential in clinical applications. Nevertheless, mPTT is not able to efficiently eradicate tumors because its therapeutic efficacy is dramatically diminished by stress-induced heat shock proteins (HSP). Herein, a core-shell structured Au@Pd (AP) bimetallic nanozyme was fabricated for reactive oxygen species (ROS) augmentation-induced mPTT.

Mild-Photothermal Effect Induced High Efficiency Ferroptosis-Boosted-Cuproptosis Based on Cu O@Mn Cu O Nanozyme.

A core-shell-structured Cu O@Mn Cu O (CMCO) nanozyme is constructed to serve as a tumor microenvironment (TME)-activated copper ionophore to achieve safe and efficient cuproptosis. The Mn Cu O shell not only prevents exposure of normal tissues to the Cu O core to reduce systemic toxicity but also exhibits enhanced enzyme-mimicking activity owing to the better band continuity near the Fermi surface. The glutathione oxidase (GSHOx)-like activity of CMCO depletes glutathione (GSH), which diminishes the ability to chelate Cu ions, thereby exerting Cu toxicity and inducing cuproptosis in cancer cells.

Low-Temperature Photothermal Therapy Platform Based on Pd Nanozyme-Modified Hydrogenated TiO.

In photothermal treatments (PTTs), normal tissues around cancerous tumors get injured by excessive heat, whereas damaged cancer cells are easily restored by stress-induced heat shock proteins (HSPs) at low temperatures. Therefore, to achieve a unique tumor microenvironment (TME), it is imperative to increase PTT efficiency and reduce normal tissue injury by adopting appropriate reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxides (LPO) cross-linked with HSPs. In the present research, a potential strategy for mild photothermal treatments (mPTTs) was proposed by initiating localized catalytic chemical reactions in TME based on Pd nanozyme-modified hydrogenated TiO (H-TiO@Pd).

Role of plectin and its interacting molecules in cancer.

Plectin, as the cytolinker and scaffolding protein, are widely expressed and abundant in many tissues, and has involved in various cellular activities contributing to tumorigenesis, such as cell adhesion, migration, and signal transduction. Due to the specific expression and differential localization of plectin in cancer, most researchers focus on the role of plectin in cancer, and it has emerged as a potent driver of malignant hallmarks in many human cancers, which provides the possibility for plectin to be widely used as a biomarker and therapeutic target in the early diagnosis and targeted drug delivery of the disease. However, there is still a lack of systematic review on the interaction molecules and mechanism of plectin.

In Planta Gene Expression and Gene Editing in Moso Bamboo Leaves.

A novel in planta gene transformation method was developed for bamboo, which avoids the need for time-consuming and labor-intensive callus induction and regeneration processes. This method involves Agrobacterium-mediated gene expression via wounding and vacuum for bamboo seedlings. It successfully demonstrated the expression of exogenous genes, such as the RUBY reporter and Cas9 gene, in bamboo leaves.