Pacific Ocean-originated anthropogenic carbon and its long-term variations in the South China Sea.

Coastal oceans, traditionally seen as a conduit for transporting atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO)-derived anthropogenic carbon (C) to open oceans, exhibit complex carbon exchanges at their interface. South China Sea (SCS) exemplifies this complexity, where interactions with the Pacific, particularly through Kuroshio intrusion, challenge the understanding of C source and variability in a coastal ocean. Contrary to prevailing paradigm expectations, our high-resolution, long-term data reveal that C in the SCS primarily originates from Pacific water injection across the Luzon Strait rather than atmospheric CO invasion.

[Advances and Prospect of Sampling Techniques and Analytical Methods for Trace Elements in the Ocean: Progress of Trace Element Platform Construction in Xiamen University].

Trace elements, which are important chemical components in the ocean, generally refer to those chemical elements with concentrations below 10 μmol·kgin seawater. Some trace elements, such as Fe and Zn, serve as essential micronutrients for marine organisms, which regulate marine primary productivity and are closely related to the biogeochemical cycle of carbon and nitrogen and therefore affect the global environment and climate change. In contrast, some elements, such as Pb, are anthropogenic pollutants largely released by human activities.

Diagnosis of CO dynamics and fluxes in global coastal oceans.

Global coastal oceans as a whole represent an important carbon sink but, due to high spatial-temporal variability, a mechanistic conceptualization of the coastal carbon cycle is still under development, hindering the modelling and inclusion of coastal carbon in Earth System Models. Although temperature is considered an important control of sea surface CO, we show that the latitudinal distribution of global coastal surface CO does not match that of temperature, and its inter-seasonal changes are substantially regulated by non-thermal factors such as water mass mixing and net primary production. These processes operate in both ocean-dominated and river-dominated margins, with carbon and nutrients sourced from the open ocean and land, respectively.