Dump or recycle? Consumer's environmental awareness and express package disposal based on an evolutionary game model.

Along with the rapid development of the express industry and the inevitable trend of sustainable development, the disposal of express packaging is an urgent problem that needs to be solved. With the objective to the effective disposal mode for express packaging, this paper introduces the consumers' environmental awareness into the framework and establishes an evolutionary game model to explore the governing measures of the express packaging recycling industry. It is found that without considering consumers' environmental awareness, the government's reward and punishment mechanism alone cannot restrain the recycler's decision-making effectively, while the participation of the consumers with environmental awareness could drive the strategy of the recycler to converge to the ideal state effectively, which is recycling the express packaging actively.

A novel waterborne polyurethane with biodegradability and high flexibility for 3D printing.

Three-dimensional (3D) printing provides a new approach of fabricating implantable products because it permits a flexible manner to extrude complex and customized shapes of the tissue scaffolds. Compared with other printable biomaterials, the polyurethane elastomer has several merits, including excellent mechanical properties and good biocompatibility. However, some intrinsic behavior, especially its high melting point and slow rate of degradation, hampered its application in 3D printed tissue engineering.

Preparation and properties of biomedical porous titanium alloys by gelcasting.

Porous titanium alloys have been prepared by gelcasting in this study. The elastic solid green body was first polymerized and then vacuum sintered to porous titanium alloys with low contamination by controlling sintering conditions. The microstructure and the total porosity of the vacuum sintered porous Ti-Co and Ti-Mo alloys were analyzed by using scanning electron microscopy and x-ray diffraction.