Associations of risk factors and the number of risk factors with the classification, GMFCS level and comorbidities with cerebral palsy: a retrospective study.

Objective: The objective was to explore the characteristics of risk factors in children with cerebral palsy (CP), focusing on the effects of single risk factors and the number of risk factors on the classification, GMFCS level, and comorbidities of children with CP.

Methods: The medical records of children with CP hospitalized from 2015 to 2023 were reviewed. The effects of nine risk factors, such as hyperbilirubinemia, asphyxia, and HIE, on the classification, GMFCS level and comorbidities of children with CP were studied.

Identifying the impact of ARHGAP and MAP gene families on autism spectrum disorders.

The rising incidence of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has become a major concern, affecting children's psychological well-being and placing a significant strain on healthcare systems. Despite its impact, the etiological mechanisms underpinning ASD remain elusive. This study leveraged dorsolateral prefrontal cortex gene data from 452 individuals of European descent, sourced from the CommonMindConsortium, and examined ASD-related gene expression data from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database (GSE18123), along with Genome-Wide Association Studies (GWAS) data from the Lundbeck Foundation Integrated Psychiatric Research and Psychiatric Genomics Consortium.

Exploring the Missing link between vitamin D and autism spectrum disorder: Scientific evidence and new perspectives.

Aim: This study aims to address the key question of the causal relationship between serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D (vitamin D) and autism spectrum disorders (ASD).

Methods: Publicly available Genome-Wide Association Study (GWAS) datasets were used to conduct the bidirectional Two-sample MR analyses using methods including inverse-variance weighted (IVW), weighted median, MR-Egger regression, simple mode, MR-PRESSO test, Steiger filtering, and weighted mode, followed by BWMR for validation.

Results: The MR analysis indicated that there was no causal relationship between Vitamin D as the exposure and ASD as the outcome in the positive direction of the MR analysis (IVW: OR = 0.

Needs for rehabilitation in China: Estimates based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 1990-2019.

Background: As an essential part of health services, rehabilitation is of great significance to improve the health and quality of life of the whole population. Accelerating aging calls for a significant expansion of rehabilitation services in China, but rehabilitation needs remain unclear. We conducted the study to explore the rehabilitation needs in China and project the trend of rehabilitation needs from 2020 to 2034.

UGT1A4*3 polymorphism influences serum concentration and therapeutic effect of lamotrigine for epilepsy treatment: A meta-analysis.

Background: Lamotrigine as a broad-spectrum antiepileptic drug, is widely applied and its clinical efficacy is highly recognized. However, significant differences are observed in blood drug concentration of lamotrigine among individuals, which may have an impact on its efficacy. UGT1A4 is the main metabolic enzyme.

Development of Intratumoral Drug Delivery Based Strategies for Antitumor Therapy.

Research for tumor treatment with significant therapy effects and minimal side-effects has been widely carried over the past few decades. Different drug forms have received a lot of attention. However, systemic biodistribution induces efficacy and safety issues.

Emerging advances in delivery systems for mRNA cancer vaccines.

The success of lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) in treating COVID-19 promotes further research of mRNA vaccines for cancer vaccination. Aiming at overcoming the constraints of currently available mRNA carriers, various alternative nano-vectors have been developed for delivering tumor antigen encoding mRNA and showed versatility to induce potent anti-tumor immunity. The rationally designed nano-vaccines increase the immune activation capacity of the mRNA vaccines by promoting crucial aspects including mRNA stability, cellular uptake, endosomal escape and targeting of immune cells or organs.

The reference range of lamotrigine in the treatment of epilepsy in children: a systematic review.

Purpose: This study intends to assess the reference range of lamotrigine concentration for treating childhood epilepsy.

Methods: PubMed, Ovid-Embase, The Cochrane Library, CNKI, WanFang data and VIP databases were searched from database inception to January 2022. RCT, cohort study, case-control study, cross-sectional study that estimated the reference range of lamotrigine for children epilepsy treatment were included.

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids and/or vitamin D in autism spectrum disorders: a systematic review.

This systematic review aims to offer an updated understanding of the relationship between omega-3 supplementation and/or vitamin D and autism spectrum disorders (ASD). The databases PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, EMBASE, CINAHL, Vip, CNKI, Wanfang, China Biomedical Database databases were searched using keywords, and relevant literature was hand-searched. Papers ( = 1,151) were systematically screened and deemed eligible since 2002.

Prevalence and related factors of epilepsy in children and adolescents with cerebral palsy: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To study the worldwide prevalence and associated factors of epilepsy in children and adolescents with Cerebral Palsy (CP) and to analyze the differences between various subgroups.

Method: We identified all potential studies on the prevalence of epilepsy in children and adolescents with CP from PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase. The search time was from the establishment of the database to November 2022.

Non-invasive brain stimulation for patient with autism: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Objective: To comprehensively evaluate the efficacy of non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) in patients with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in randomized controlled trials (RCT), providing a reference for future research on the same topic.

Methods: Five databases were searched (Pubmed, Web of Science, Medline, Embase, and Cochrane library) and tracked relevant references, Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5.3 software.

Bibliometric Analysis of Research Themes and Trends of the Co-Occurrence of Autism and ADHD.

Background: In recent years, there has been a growing body of research suggesting that ASD and ADHD are two disorders that often co-exist. Despite the rapid development of research, little is known about their etiology, diagnostic markers, and interventions, which has led us to review and summarise the development of the field in the hope that this will provide an opportunity to look for future directions.

Methods: A bibliometric approach was used to analyse papers in the field of ASD co-morbidities in ADHD on Web of Science from 1991-2022, using CiteSpace and VOSview to map the country/institution, journal, author, co-citation, and keyword networks in the field and to visualise the results.

Neuro death through autophagy via the acetylation of FoxO1 by SIRT2 in the hippocampus of mice in a autism spectrum disorder mice model.

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a series of complex neurodevelopmental disorders, which can affect children's social, behavioral and communication abilities. A member of the Sirtuins family of NAD + dependent deacetylases called SIRT2 could regulate the inflammation progress during stress, but the relevant mechanism has not been clearly defined. In the present study, the ASD model of wild type and SIRT2 knock out mice was established to evaluate the impact on the homeostasis of neurons in the hippocampus using western blotting, immunofluorescence and Nissl staining.

Nanoparticle-based radiosensitization strategies for improving radiation therapy.

Radiotherapy remains the mainstay treatment for a variety of cancer forms. However, the therapeutic efficiency of radiation is significantly limited by several aspects, including high radiation resistance caused by low reactive oxygen species concentrations and a low absorption rate of radiation by tumor tissue, inappropriate tumor cell cycle and tumor cell apoptosis, and serious radiation damage to normal cells. In recent years, nanoparticles have been widely used as radiosensitizers due to their unique physicochemical properties and multifunctionalities for potentially enhancing radiation therapy efficacy.

The guideline for therapeutic drug monitoring guidelines development.

Aim: The guideline is meant to standardize the principles, procedures, and methods for developing therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) guidelines and promoting open, transparent, scientific, and credible TDM guidelines.

Methods: Division of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring, Chinese Pharmacological Society established guideline working groups, declared and managed conflicts of interest. The guideline working groups used the Delphi method to formulate the purpose and scope of the guidelines and questions in the PICO format, searched and synthesized evidence, and integrated with the current situation in China and TDM characteristics to preliminarily develop recommendations for the guideline for TDM guideline development in China.

A Simple and Sensitive UPLC-UV Method for Simultaneous Determination of Isoniazid, Pyrazinamide, and Rifampicin in Human Plasma and Its Application in Therapeutic Drug Monitoring.

As the first-line clinical drugs for tuberculosis (TB), isoniazid (INH), pyrazinamide (PZA), and rifampicin (RMP) are playing important roles for preventing the rapid spread of TB. Precise quantification of these drugs in biological samples is crucial to evaluate or improve the efficacy of advanced TB drug delivery systems, which are designed for reducing drug resistance, minimizing side effects, etc. Herein, a simple and sensitive method based on UPLC-UV was established and investigated for simultaneous quantification of PZA, INH, and RMP in human plasma and was applied to anti-TB drug therapeutic drug monitoring.

Repeated social defeat stress inhibits development of hippocampus neurons through mitophagy and autophagy.

The social defeat stress model is commonly used to study depression and anxiety disorder, which can significantly affect the structure and function of neurons in the hippocampus; however, the relevant mechanism in neuronal loss has not been clearly defined. In the present study, a social defeat stress model was established in mice to evaluate the impact of social defeat stress on the structure of neurons in the hippocampus using Western blotting, immunofluorescence, Nissl staining, Golgi staining and transmission electron microscopy. The results demonstrated that social defeat stress leads to disruption of homeostasis in the hippocampus and the integrity of mitochondria in hippocampal neurons was markedly affected by enhanced mitophagy and autophagy resulting in inhibition of development and growth.

Fugitive Emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds from a Tailings Pond in the Oil Sands Region of Alberta.

Tailings ponds in the oil sands (OS) region in Alberta, Canada, have been associated with fugitive emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and other pollutants to the atmosphere. However, the contribution of tailings ponds to the total fugitive emissions of VOCs from OS operations remains uncertain. To address this knowledge gap, a field study was conducted in the summer of 2017 at Suncor's Pond 2/3 to estimate emissions of a suite of pollutants including 68 VOCs using a combination of micrometeorological methods and measurements from a flux tower.

Improving Insights on Air Pollutant Mixtures and Their Origins by Enhancing Local Monitoring in an Area of Intensive Resource Development.

An "event-based" approach to characterize complex air pollutant mixtures was applied in the Oil Sands region of northern Alberta, Canada. This approach was developed to better-inform source characterization and attribution of the air pollution in the Indigenous community of Fort McKay, within the context of the lived experience of residents. Principal component analysis was used to identify the characteristics of primary pollutant mixtures, which were related to hydrocarbon emissions, fossil fuel combustion, dust, and oxidized and reduced sulfur compounds.

Effect of MDR1 C1236T polymorphism on cyclosporine pharmacokinetics: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Cyclosporine (CsA) is one of the immunosuppressive drugs, whose pharmacokinetic characteristics vary greatly among individuals. The published data reveal conflicting effects of the polymorphism of MDR1 exon 12 SNP C1236T on the pharmacokinetics of cyclosporine.This study aims to conduct a meta-analysis to investigate the effect of SNP C1236T on the pharmacokinetics of cyclosporine.

Whole‑genome scale identification of methylation markers specific for cerebral palsy in monozygotic discordant twins.

Cerebral palsy (CP) is a severe type of brain disease affecting movement and posture. Although CP has strong genetic and environmental components, considerable differences in the methylome between monozygotic (MZ) twins discordant for CP implicates epigenetic contributors as well. In order to determine the differences in methylation in patients with CP without interference of the interindividual genomic variation, four pairs of MZ twins discordant for CP were profiled for DNA methylation changes using reduced representation bisulfite sequencing on the genomic‑scale.

[The expression of calcium sensing receptor(CaSR) and MAPK pathway changes in myocardial cells of epilepsy rats].

Objective: To investigate the changes of the myocardial cells in chronic epileptic rat model and to observe the expression of calcium sensing receptor(CaSR) and mitogen-activated proteinkinase(MAPK)pathway changes in epilepsy rats.

Methods: The chronic epileptic rat model was induced bypentetrazole (PTZ). Adult male Wistar rats were divided into 5 groups randomly, and there were 12 rats in each group.

[Analysis of Applying Chinese Medical Clinical Pathway for Treating Attention-deficit Hyperactivity Disorder].

Objective: To evaluate the application effect of Chinese medical clinical pathway for treating attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and to provide evidence for further improving clinical pathways.

Methods: Totally 270 ADHD children patients were recruited and treated at pediatrics clinics of 9 cooperative hospitals from December 2011 to December 2012. The treatment course for all was 3 months.

Anti-epileptic effect of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides by inhibition of intracellular calcium accumulation and stimulation of expression of CaMKII α in epileptic hippocampal neurons.

Purpose: To investigate the mechanism of the anti-epileptic effect of Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides (GLP), the changes of intracellular calcium and CaMK II α expression in a model of epileptic neurons were investigated.

Method: Primary hippocampal neurons were divided into: 1) Control group, neurons were cultured with Neurobasal medium, for 3 hours; 2) Model group I: neurons were incubated with Mg(2+) free medium for 3 hours; 3) Model group II: neurons were incubated with Mg(2+) free medium for 3 hours then cultured with the normal medium for a further 3 hours; 4) GLP group I: neurons were incubated with Mg(2+) free medium containing GLP (0.375 mg/ml) for 3 hours; 5) GLP group II: neurons were incubated with Mg(2+) free medium for 3 hours then cultured with a normal culture medium containing GLP for a further 3 hours.

LPS induces cardiomyocyte injury through calcium-sensing receptor.

Calcium-sensing receptor (CaSR) belongs to the family C of G-protein coupled receptors. We have previously demonstrated that CaSR could induce apoptosis of cultured neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes in simulated ischemia/reperfusion. It remains unknown whether the CaSR has function in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced myocardial injure.