Publications by authors named "Zhiman Xie"

() is a widely disseminated betaherpesvirus that typically induces latant infections. In immunocompromised populations, especially transplant and HIV-infected patients, infection increases in-hospital mortality. Although machine learning models have been widely used in clinical diagnosis and prognosis prediction, reports on machine learning model predictions for the in-hospital mortality of HIV/AIDS patients with infection have not been reported.

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Background: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is one of the most common complications in patients with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), yet its prognosis is generally poor. The impact of surgery on DLBCL remains controversial. We present a case of DLBCL associated with HIV infection, in which the patient achieved complete remission following surgical removal, radiotherapy, and sequential dose-adjusted EPOCH (DA-EPOCH) chemotherapy.

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Objective: To develop and validate a machine learning model for predicting mortality-associated prognostic factors in order to reduce in-hospital mortality rates among HIV/AIDS patients with Cryptococcus infection in Guangxi, China.

Methods: This retrospective prognostic study included HIV/AIDS patients with cryptococcosis in the Fourth People's Hospital of Nanning from October 2011 to June 2019. Clinical features were extracted and used to train ten machine learning models, including Logistic Regression, KNN, DT, RF, Adaboost, Xgboost, LightGBM, Catboost, SVM, and NBM, to predict the outcome of HIV patients with cryptococcosis infection.

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Article Synopsis
  • Recurrent opportunistic infections in severely immunosuppressed AIDS patients persist as a challenge, leading to the development of a new therapy called allogeneic adoptive immune therapy (AAIT) alongside traditional antiretroviral therapy (ART).
  • A phase 2a trial showed that AAIT improved CD4+ T cell recovery compared to ART alone, without increasing adverse events.
  • The study found that factors like donor/recipient sex mismatch significantly influenced the likelihood of achieving an immunological response, indicating AAIT's potential as a valuable treatment for this patient group while highlighting the need for further research to better understand its mechanisms and optimize its use.
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Article Synopsis
  • The study focuses on how immune tolerance and evasion are linked to virus-driven cancers, especially in AIDS-related non-Hodgkin lymphoma (AR-NHL) influenced by Epstein-Barr virus (EBV).
  • It analyzed the presence and significance of PD-1 and its ligands (PD-L1 and PD-L2) in a cohort of 58 AR-NHL patients, finding a 56.9% prevalence of EBV and a notable increase in PD-1-related markers in malignant cells.
  • Results showed that patients positive for both EBV and PD-1 or PD-L1 had significantly lower survival rates, highlighting the role of PD-1 in immune evasion and underscoring its potential as a target
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Objective: Identifying the gut microbiota associated with host immunity in the AIDS stage.

Design: We performed a cross-sectional study.

Methods: We recruited people with HIV (PWH) in the AIDS or non-AIDS stage and evaluated their gut microbiota and metabolites by using 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequencing and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS).

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Objectives: Talaromyces marneffei (T. marneffei) is an opportunistic fungal infection (talaromycosis), which is common in subtropical regions and is a leading cause of death in HIV-1-infected patients. This study aimed to determine the characteristics and risk factors associated with hospital readmissions in HIV patients with T.

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Background: Optimization of risk stratification is important for facilitating prognoses and therapeutic decisions regarding diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). However, a simple and applicable prognostic tool is lacking for individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related DLBCL in the era of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART).

Methods: This retrospective multicenter observational study included 147 HIV-related DLBCL patients with histologically confirmed DLBCL from 2013 to 2020.

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Background: The immune activation caused by microbial translocation has been considered to be a major driver of HIV infection progression. The dysbiosis of gut microbiota has been demonstrated in HIV infection, but the interplay between gut microbiota and its metabolites in the pathogenesis of HIV is seldom reported.

Methods: We conducted a case-controlled study including 41 AIDS patients, 39 pre-AIDS patients and 34 healthy controls.

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We describe the opportunistic infections (OIs) of HIV/AIDS to understand the spectrum, mortality, and frequency of multiple coinfected OIs among HIV/AIDS patients in southern China, where OIs are severe. We carried out a retrospective cohort study of hospitalized HIV-infected individuals at the Fourth People's Hospital of Nanning, Guangxi, China, from Jan. 2011 to May.

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Background: China, where half of the adult male population smoke tobacco, has one of the highest global burdens of smoking. Smoking rates are even higher among people with HIV. People with HIV can be affected by smoking in multiple ways, including more severe HIV-related symptoms and worse antiretroviral therapy treatment outcomes.

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We reported an HIV-naïve patient from a resource-limited area who was detected with multiple resistance sites associated with nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) and integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) after the failure of the initial antiviral regimen dolutegravir/lamivudine (DTG/3TC) and subsequent Bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (BIC/FTC/TAF). On May 8, 2021, a 53-year-old man was diagnosed with AIDS, Marneffei talaromycosis and fungal esophagitis, and was suspected of having tuberculosis (TB) in Guangxi, China. His baseline HIV RNA was 559,000 copies/mL and the CD4 count was 12 cells/µL, but resistance genotype testing was not performed.

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Background: A simple and clinically applicable prognostic scoring system for AIDS-related lymphoma (ARL) in the era of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) is needed to better stratify patients' risks and to assist in the decision-making of therapeutic strategies.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective multicenter cohort study in 138 primary ARL patients over an 8-year period from 2013 to 2020. Survival curves were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method.

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Background: The prognostic value of serum albumin in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related lymphoma (ARL) remains covered.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed de novo ARL patients from 2013 to 2019 across three centers. Factors correlated with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were evaluated in Kaplan-Meier, univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard models.

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Objective: Talaromycosis is a serious regional disease endemic in Southeast Asia. In China, Talaromyces marneffei (T. marneffei) infections is mainly concentrated in the southern region, especially in Guangxi, and cause considerable in-hospital mortality in HIV-infected individuals.

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Article Synopsis
  • Intestinal Talaromyces marneffei (TM) infection is rare but has been observed in 31 HIV/AIDS patients in Guangxi, showing common symptoms like fever and abdominal lymphadenopathy.
  • Most affected patients had severely low CD4 T-cell counts (<50 cells/μL), indicating a compromised immune system.
  • TM was found in blood and bone marrow samples, and all patients had evidence of fungal spores in tissues, suggesting the need to consider TM infection in similar HIV-infected patients with significant gastrointestinal symptoms.
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Background: B cell follicles are immune-privileged sites where intensive HIV-1 replication and latency occur, preventing a permanent cure. Recent study showed that CXCR5 NK cells in B cell follicles can inhibit SIV replication in African green monkeys, but this has not been reported in HIV-1 infected patients.

Methods: Lymphocytes and tissue sections of lymph node were collected from 11 HIV-1 positive antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naive and 19 HIV-1 negative donors.

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Background: Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infection may induce central nervous system complications in HIV/AIDS patients. However, it is rare to have paraplegia caused by VZV infection but no herpes zoster clinically. Asymptomatic VZV infection in HIV/AIDS patient increased the difficulty of diagnosis.

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Background: This study is aimed at identifying unknown clinically relevant genes involved in colorectal cancer using bioinformatics analysis.

Methods: Original microarray datasets GSE107499 (ulcerative colitis), GSE8671 (colorectal adenoma), and GSE32323 (colorectal cancer) were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus. Common differentially expressed genes were filtered from the three datasets above.

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