Machine learning-driven in-hospital mortality prediction in HIV/AIDS patients with infection: a single-centred retrospective study.

() is a widely disseminated betaherpesvirus that typically induces latant infections. In immunocompromised populations, especially transplant and HIV-infected patients, infection increases in-hospital mortality. Although machine learning models have been widely used in clinical diagnosis and prognosis prediction, reports on machine learning model predictions for the in-hospital mortality of HIV/AIDS patients with infection have not been reported.

A case report of surgery-radiotherapy-chemotherapy cured primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the central nervous system associated with HIV infection.

Background: Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is one of the most common complications in patients with Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS), yet its prognosis is generally poor. The impact of surgery on DLBCL remains controversial. We present a case of DLBCL associated with HIV infection, in which the patient achieved complete remission following surgical removal, radiotherapy, and sequential dose-adjusted EPOCH (DA-EPOCH) chemotherapy.

Machine learning-based prognostic prediction for hospitalized HIV/AIDS patients with cryptococcus infection in Guangxi, China.

Objective: To develop and validate a machine learning model for predicting mortality-associated prognostic factors in order to reduce in-hospital mortality rates among HIV/AIDS patients with Cryptococcus infection in Guangxi, China.

Methods: This retrospective prognostic study included HIV/AIDS patients with cryptococcosis in the Fourth People's Hospital of Nanning from October 2011 to June 2019. Clinical features were extracted and used to train ten machine learning models, including Logistic Regression, KNN, DT, RF, Adaboost, Xgboost, LightGBM, Catboost, SVM, and NBM, to predict the outcome of HIV patients with cryptococcosis infection.

Dysbiosis of gut microbiota and metabolites during AIDS: implications for CD4 + T cell reduction and immune activation.

Objective: Identifying the gut microbiota associated with host immunity in the AIDS stage.

Design: We performed a cross-sectional study.

Methods: We recruited people with HIV (PWH) in the AIDS or non-AIDS stage and evaluated their gut microbiota and metabolites by using 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequencing and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS).

Characteristics and risk factors for readmission in HIV-infected patients with Talaromyces marneffei infection.

Objectives: Talaromyces marneffei (T. marneffei) is an opportunistic fungal infection (talaromycosis), which is common in subtropical regions and is a leading cause of death in HIV-1-infected patients. This study aimed to determine the characteristics and risk factors associated with hospital readmissions in HIV patients with T.

A promising prognostic model for predicting survival of patients with HIV-related diffuse large B-cell lymphoma in the cART era.

Background: Optimization of risk stratification is important for facilitating prognoses and therapeutic decisions regarding diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). However, a simple and applicable prognostic tool is lacking for individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-related DLBCL in the era of combined antiretroviral therapy (cART).

Methods: This retrospective multicenter observational study included 147 HIV-related DLBCL patients with histologically confirmed DLBCL from 2013 to 2020.

The altered metabolites contributed by dysbiosis of gut microbiota are associated with microbial translocation and immune activation during HIV infection.

Background: The immune activation caused by microbial translocation has been considered to be a major driver of HIV infection progression. The dysbiosis of gut microbiota has been demonstrated in HIV infection, but the interplay between gut microbiota and its metabolites in the pathogenesis of HIV is seldom reported.

Methods: We conducted a case-controlled study including 41 AIDS patients, 39 pre-AIDS patients and 34 healthy controls.

Spectrum and mortality of opportunistic infections among HIV/AIDS patients in southwestern China.

We describe the opportunistic infections (OIs) of HIV/AIDS to understand the spectrum, mortality, and frequency of multiple coinfected OIs among HIV/AIDS patients in southern China, where OIs are severe. We carried out a retrospective cohort study of hospitalized HIV-infected individuals at the Fourth People's Hospital of Nanning, Guangxi, China, from Jan. 2011 to May.

Factors Related to Smoking and Perceptions of a Behavioral Counseling and Messenger Service-Delivered Smoking Cessation Intervention for People With HIV in China: Qualitative Study.

Background: China, where half of the adult male population smoke tobacco, has one of the highest global burdens of smoking. Smoking rates are even higher among people with HIV. People with HIV can be affected by smoking in multiple ways, including more severe HIV-related symptoms and worse antiretroviral therapy treatment outcomes.

The Emergence of Resistance Under Firstline INSTI Regimens.

We reported an HIV-naïve patient from a resource-limited area who was detected with multiple resistance sites associated with nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) and integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) after the failure of the initial antiviral regimen dolutegravir/lamivudine (DTG/3TC) and subsequent Bictegravir/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (BIC/FTC/TAF). On May 8, 2021, a 53-year-old man was diagnosed with AIDS, Marneffei talaromycosis and fungal esophagitis, and was suspected of having tuberculosis (TB) in Guangxi, China. His baseline HIV RNA was 559,000 copies/mL and the CD4 count was 12 cells/µL, but resistance genotype testing was not performed.

A Novel Prognostic Score Including the CD4/CD8 for AIDS-Related Lymphoma.

Background: A simple and clinically applicable prognostic scoring system for AIDS-related lymphoma (ARL) in the era of combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) is needed to better stratify patients' risks and to assist in the decision-making of therapeutic strategies.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective multicenter cohort study in 138 primary ARL patients over an 8-year period from 2013 to 2020. Survival curves were estimated using the Kaplan-Meier method.

Hypoalbuminemia predicts inferior outcome in patients with AIDS-related lymphoma.

Background: The prognostic value of serum albumin in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)-related lymphoma (ARL) remains covered.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed de novo ARL patients from 2013 to 2019 across three centers. Factors correlated with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were evaluated in Kaplan-Meier, univariate and multivariate Cox proportional hazard models.

Machine learning-based in-hospital mortality prediction of HIV/AIDS patients with Talaromyces marneffei infection in Guangxi, China.

Objective: Talaromycosis is a serious regional disease endemic in Southeast Asia. In China, Talaromyces marneffei (T. marneffei) infections is mainly concentrated in the southern region, especially in Guangxi, and cause considerable in-hospital mortality in HIV-infected individuals.

Implications of the accumulation of CXCR5 NK cells in lymph nodes of HIV-1 infected patients.

Background: B cell follicles are immune-privileged sites where intensive HIV-1 replication and latency occur, preventing a permanent cure. Recent study showed that CXCR5 NK cells in B cell follicles can inhibit SIV replication in African green monkeys, but this has not been reported in HIV-1 infected patients.

Methods: Lymphocytes and tissue sections of lymph node were collected from 11 HIV-1 positive antiretroviral therapy (ART)-naive and 19 HIV-1 negative donors.

A case of paraplegia due to asymptomatic varicella-zoster virus infection in AIDS patient unexpectedly diagnosed by CSF metagenomic next-generation sequencing.

Background: Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) infection may induce central nervous system complications in HIV/AIDS patients. However, it is rare to have paraplegia caused by VZV infection but no herpes zoster clinically. Asymptomatic VZV infection in HIV/AIDS patient increased the difficulty of diagnosis.

, , and Are Potential Biomarkers for the Occurrence of Colorectal Cancer.

Background: This study is aimed at identifying unknown clinically relevant genes involved in colorectal cancer using bioinformatics analysis.

Methods: Original microarray datasets GSE107499 (ulcerative colitis), GSE8671 (colorectal adenoma), and GSE32323 (colorectal cancer) were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus. Common differentially expressed genes were filtered from the three datasets above.