Disulfiram Upgrades the Radiosensitivity of Osteosarcoma by Enhancing Apoptosis and P53-Induced Cell Cycle Arrest.

The prognosis of osteosarcoma has not been improved for decades. As radioresistance is one of the major reasons, effective radiotherapy sensitization drugs need to be discovered. HOS and K7M2 osteosarcoma cell lines were treated with disulfiram (DSF) and radiation to assess cell viability, proliferation, migration ability, apoptosis level, ROS and Ca2+ level, and cell cycle in vitro.

T2DM may exert a protective effect against digestive system tumors in East Asian populations: a Mendelian randomization analysis.

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was associated with digestive system tumors. We analyzed publicly available data from GWAS studies using Mendelian randomization methods to clarify its causal relationship and mechanisms. Five common digestive system tumors and four diabetes-related phenotypes were included.

Investigating the Cell Origin and Liver Metastasis Factors of Colorectal Cancer by Single-Cell Transcriptome Analysis.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the deadliest causes of death by cancer worldwide. Liver metastasis (LM) is the main cause of death in patients with CRC. Therefore, identification of patients with the greatest risk of liver metastasis is critical for early treatment and reduces the mortality of patients with colorectal cancer liver metastases.

Hepatic Ischemia-reperfusion Injury in Mice was Alleviated by Rac1 Inhibition - More Than Just ROS-inhibition.

Background And Aims: Reducing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production has proven an effective way for alleviating oxidative stress during ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Moreover, inhibition of Rac1 could reduce ROS production and prevent oxidative stress injury. Previous studies have suggested a positive interactivation feedback loop between Rac1 and hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α, the latter being up-regulated early during ischemia.

microRNA-29a regulates liver tumor-initiating cells expansion via Bcl-2 pathway.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) participate in tumorigenesis, progression, recurrence and drug resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, few miRNAs have been identified and entered clinical practice. Herein, we report that miR-29a is downregulated in tumor-initiating cells (T-ICs) and has an important function in liver T-ICs.

Short-term hyperosmolality pretreatment on cells can reduce the radiosensitivity via RVI and Akt1 activation.

Background/aims: The ionizing radiation (IR) has been applied in clinical treatment for many years and the radiosensitivity is crucial to the treatment. Radiosensitivity of cells is subjected to many environmental factors, such as hypoxia and temperature. Hyperosmolality as a common environmental factor has been demonstrated to be associated with survival and apoptosis of cells in many studies.