The IS-ORF2--(X4) circular intermediate-mediated transmission of tigecycline resistance in isolates from duck farms.

Tigecycline is a last-resort drug used to treat serious infections caused by multidrug-resistant bacteria. (X4) is a recently discovered plasmid-mediated tigecycline resistance gene that confers high-level resistance to tigecycline and other tetracyclines. Since the first discovery of (X4) in 2019, it has spread rapidly worldwide, and as a consequence, tigecycline has become increasingly ineffective in the clinical treatment of multidrug-resistant infections.

Characterization of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase-Producing in Animal Farms in Hunan Province, China.

Multi-drug resistance of bacteria producing extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) is a public health challenge. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the antimicrobial susceptibility of ESBL-producing (ESBL-EC) in Hunan Province, China. A total of 1366 fecal samples were collected from pig, chicken, and cattle farms over a six-year period, which were assessed using strain isolation, 16S rRNA identification, polymerase chain reaction, drug sensitivity testing, whole-genome sequencing, and bioinformatics analysis.

Koumine inhibits IL-1β-induced chondrocyte inflammation and ameliorates extracellular matrix degradation in osteoarthritic cartilage through activation of PINK1/Parkin-mediated mitochondrial autophagy.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a degenerative joint disease, Increasingly, mitochondrial autophagy has been found to play an important regulatory role in the prevention and treatment of osteoarthritis. Koumine is a bioactive alkaloid extracted from the plant Gelsemium elegans. In previous research, Koumine was found to have potential in improving the progression of OA in rats.

The Combination of Antibiotic and Non-Antibiotic Compounds Improves Antibiotic Efficacy against Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria.

Bacterial antibiotic resistance, especially the emergence of multidrug-resistant (MDR) strains, urgently requires the development of effective treatment strategies. It is always of interest to delve into the mechanisms of resistance to current antibiotics and target them to promote the efficacy of existing antibiotics. In recent years, non-antibiotic compounds have played an important auxiliary role in improving the efficacy of antibiotics and promoting the treatment of drug-resistant bacteria.

Simultaneous DHA and organic selenium production by Schizochytrium sp.: a theoretical basis.

Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and selenium (Se) are nutrients that confer several health benefits to both humans and animals. Widespread use of DHA in milk powder and health products requires large-scale mass production via Schizochytrium sp., while Se intended for human consumption is produced as organic Se via yeast.

Effect of Dietary Benth. Extract on the Growth, Slaughter Performance, Meat Quality, Intestinal Morphology, and Microflora of Yellow-Feathered Chickens.

The plant species Benth. (GEB) promotes pig and sheep growth; however, little is known about its effects in chickens. In this study, a GEB extract (GEBE) was prepared, and its effects on the growth, slaughter, antioxidant performance, meat quality, serum biochemical indices, intestinal morphology, and microflora of yellow-feathered chickens were evaluated.

The multicomponent residue depletion of in pig tissues, urine, and plasma.

Introduction: () as a traditional medicinal plant used in livestock production. The use of in veterinary clinics may pose safety risks to human health.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate tissue residue depletion in pigs fed powder.

Characteristics of (X4)-Producing in Chicken and Pig Farms in Hunan Province, China.

Background: The plasmid-mediated tigecycline resistance gene (X4) confers a high level of resistance to tigecycline. The experiment aims to investigate the prevalence and characterization of (X4) in isolates from chicken and pig farms in Hunan province, China.

Methods: A total of six (X4) positive strains were identified in 257 derived from chicken samples in Xiangtan city ( = 2), pig samples in Xiangxiang city ( = 1), Chenzhou city ( = 2), and Zhuzhou city ( = 1).

PI3K/AKT/mTOR, NF-κB and ERS pathway participated in the attenuation of HO-induced IPEC-J2 cell injury by koumine.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Koumine, an indole alkaloid extracted from Gelsemium elegans Benth, exerts anti-inflammation and antioxidant activities. However, the effects of koumine on intestinal injury induced by HO and its potential molecular mechanisms need larger studies.

Aim Of The Study: We established an IPEC-J2 cell damage model induced by HO to explore the protective mechanism of koumine on intestinal injury.

A mass spectrometry imaging approach on spatiotemporal distribution of multiple alkaloids in .

contains multiple alkaloids with pharmacological effects, thus researchers focus on the identification and application of alkaloids extracted from . Regretfully, the spatiotemporal distribution of alkaloids in is still unclear. In this study, the desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging (DESI-MSI) was applied to simultaneously analyze the distribution of pharmacologically important alkaloids in different organ/tissue sections of at different growth stages.

Characteristics of the plasmid-mediated colistin-resistance gene in isolated from a veterinary hospital in Shanghai.

The mobile colistin-resistance gene is primarily detected in species, such as and , and represents a significant public health threat. Herein, we investigated the prevalence and characteristics of -positive . (MCRPEC) in hospitalized companion animals in a pet hospital in Shanghai, China, from May 2021 to July 2021.

Contribution of the EnvZ/OmpR two-component system to growth, virulence and stress tolerance of colistin-resistant .

is an important zoonotic pathogen responsible for septicemia, diarrhea and gastroenteritis, and has attracted considerable attention. The EnvZ/OmpR two-component system (TCS) mediates environmental stress responses in gram-negative bacteria. We investigated the role of the TCS in by comparing the characteristics of the parental (), EnvZ/OmpR knockout (), and complemented strains ().

Genomic evidence supports the genetic convergence of a supergene controlling the distylous floral syndrome.

Heterostyly, a plant sexual polymorphism controlled by the S-locus supergene, has evolved numerous times among angiosperm lineages and represents a classic example of convergent evolution in form and function. Determining whether underlying molecular convergence occurs could provide insights on constraints to floral evolution. Here, we investigated S-locus genes in distylous Gelsemium (Gelsemiaceae) to determine whether there is evidence of molecular convergence with unrelated distylous species.

Emergence of the resistance-nodulation-division efflux pump tmexCD3-toprJ3 gene confers resistance to tigecycline in Pseudomonas juntendi and Proteus terrae isolated from a pig farm in China.

Background: Tigecycline is regarded as a last-resort antimicrobial agent against multidrug resistance (MDR). However, resistance-nodulation-division efflux pump resistance genes, such as tmexCD3-toprJ3, that confer resistance to tigecycline have emerged.

Objectives: This study aimed to characterise the tmexCD3-toprJ3 gene cluster in Pseudomonas juntendi and Proteus terrae isolated from a pig farm.

Lymphangiogenesis requires Ang2/Tie/PI3K signaling for VEGFR3 cell-surface expression.

Vascular endothelial growth factor C (VEGF-C) induces lymphangiogenesis via VEGF receptor 3 (VEGFR3), which is encoded by the most frequently mutated gene in human primary lymphedema. Angiopoietins (Angs) and their Tie receptors regulate lymphatic vessel development, and mutations of the ANGPT2 gene were recently found in human primary lymphedema. However, the mechanistic basis of Ang2 activity in lymphangiogenesis is not fully understood.

Occurrence of -Positive spp. in a Pig Farm of China.

Antibiotics have been extensively used to ensure the productivity of animals on intensive livestock farms. Accordingly, antimicrobial-resistant organisms, which can be transmitted to humans via the food chain, pose a threat to public health. The Enterobacterium antimicrobial resistance gene, , is a transmissible gene that has attracted widespread attention.

Protective autophagy alleviates neurotoxin-gelsenicine induced apoptosis through PERK signaling pathway in Neuro-2a cells.

Gelsemium elegans Benth. (G. elegans) showed significant biological activities, but it has the side effects of neurotoxicity, predominantly in the form of respiratory depression.

Prevalence and Characteristics of Producing in Three Kinds of Poultry in Changsha, China.

Colistin is one of the last-line drugs against difficult to treat and multidrug-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. The emergence of mobile colistin resistance gene m increased worldwide attention on colistin resistance. is the dominant gene that caused resistance to colistin in chicken-derived () in China; it has a broad resistance spectrum and causes multiple drug resistance problems.

Excretion, Metabolism, and Tissue Distribution of () in Pigs.

() is a toxic flowering plant in the family Loganiaceae used to treat skin diseases, neuralgia and acute pain. The high toxicity of restricts its development and clinical applications, but in veterinary applications, has been fed to pigs as a feed additive without poisoning. However, until now, the in vivo processes of the multiple components of have not been studied.

Compositional and toxicological investigation of pooled venom from farm-raised .

Background: is a venomous snake species medically relevant in China. In the current study, we evaluated the composition and toxicological profile of venom collected from farm-raised .

Methods: Venom was collected from third-generation captive bred on a snake farm in Hunan Province, China.

Visual Distribution of Gelsemine, Koumine, and Gelsenicine by MSI in at Different Growth Stages.

The distribution of pharmatically important alkaloids gelsemine, koumine, and gelsenicine in tissues is a hot topic attracting research attention. Regretfully, the in planta visual distribution details of these alkaloids are far from clear although several researches reported the alkaloid quantification in by LC-MS/MS. In this study, mass imaging spectrometry (MSI) was employed to visualize the visualization of gelsemine, koumine, and gelsenicine in different organs and tissues of at different growth stages, and the relative quantification of three alkaloids were performed according to the image brightness intensities captured by the desorption electrospray ionization MSI (DESI-MSI).

Sex differences in the pharmacokinetics and tissue residues of extracts in rats.

extracts (MCE) are listed as feed additives in animal production by the European Food Authority. The core components of MCE are mainly sanguinarine (SA) and chelerythrine (CHE). This study aims to investigate sex differences in the pharmacokinetics and tissue residues of MCE in rats.

Prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of CTX-M-type-producing Escherichia coli from a wildlife zoo in China.

Background: Wildlife zoos provide the opportunity for children and adults to interact with animals, However, it's unknown that the risk of contact with animals, which carried zoonotic pathogens and antimicrobial resistant bacteria.

Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and antimicrobial susceptibility of extended-spectrum β-lactamases Escherichia coli (ESBLs-EC) from a wildlife zoo in China.

Methods: A total of 93 wildlife faecal samples were collected from a wildlife zoo.

Toxicity assessment of gelsenicine and the search for effective antidotes.

Background: Gelsenicine, one of the most toxic alkaloids of Benth (), causes severe respiratory depression. However, its toxicity mechanisms are yet to be elucidated and no effective antidotes are available.

Objective: This study aimed to analyse the toxicity characteristics of gelsenicine.