A Comparative Study of 141 Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Immunoglobulin G Positive Cases.

Background: Glial fibrillary acidic protein-immunoglobulin G (GFAP-IgG) positivity is associated with autoimmune GFAP astrocytopathy (GFAP-A), but also with other autoimmune encephalitides and viral infections. We attempted to elucidate the characteristics of GFAP-A in relation to other GFAP-IgG-positive encephalitides and constructed a differential diagnosis model.

Methods: 141 GFAP-IgG-positive cases were identified, including 52 astrocytopathy (GFAP-A group), 48 autoimmune encephalitis (AE-G), and 41 viral encephalitis (VE-G).

Autoimmune Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Astrocytopathy Is Associated with HLA-A*3303 and HLA-DPB1*0501.

We determined the genetic association between specific human leucocyte antigen (HLA) loci and autoimmune glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) astrocytopathy. Our results showed that autoimmune GFAP astrocytopathy was associated with HLA-A*3303 (odds ratio [OR] = 2.02, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.