Mitogenome Phylogenetics of Spiruromorpha Porpoise Parasite: Insights Into Phylogeny of .

(1) Background: is a major parasite of large porpoises and whales and has been classified in the Habronematoidea family. However, there has been a great controversy regarding its classification. Mitochondria have an important function in revealing taxonomic and evolutionary history.

Population Genomics Reveals Elevated Inbreeding and Accumulation of Deleterious Mutations in White Raccoon Dogs.

The formation of animal breeds usually begins with a small subsample from their ancestral population. Deleterious mutations accumulate in the population under genetic drift, inbreeding, and artificial selection during the development and maintenance of traits desired by humans. White raccoon dogs are among the most popular breeds of farmed raccoon dogs, but white raccoon dogs are more susceptible to disease and have a lower reproductive ability.

The segmented flavivirus Alongshan virus reduces mitochondrial mass by degrading STAT2 to suppress the innate immune response.

Alongshan virus (ALSV) is a newly discovered pathogen in the family, characterized by a unique multi-segmented genome that is distantly related to the canonical flaviviruses. Understanding the pathogenic mechanism of this emerging segmented flavivirus is crucial for the development of effective intervention strategies. In this study, we demonstrate that ALSV can infect various mammalian cells and induce the expression of antiviral genes.

Evaluation of the efficacy of disinfectants and disinfection methods against Ascaris suum eggs.

Ascaris is highly adaptable, allowing its offspring to thrive in various conditions and posing significant health risks widely among animal populations. Most studies regarding the efficacy of disinfectants against Ascaris eggs in animal houses have been limited and lack a systematic and comprehensive evaluation. Currently, Ascaris suum is one of the most extensively studied helminths in the context of parasitology.

Genomic exploration of the endangered oriental stork, Ciconia boyciana, sheds light on migration adaptation and future conservation.

Background: The oriental stork, Ciconia boyciana, is an endangered migratory bird listed on the International Union for Conservation of Nature's Red List. The bird population has experienced a rapid decline in the past decades, with nest locations and stop-over sites largely degraded due to human-bird conflicts. Multipronged conservation efforts are required to secure the future of oriental storks.

The Prevalence of Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus Infection Among Humans in Heilongjiang Province of China in 2020-2023.

Background And Aims: Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) is a serious and acute central nervous system infection caused by the tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV). In recent years, TBE has emerged as a growing public health threat, with cases reported across Europe, the Russian Far East, Japan and China. This study aims to assess the prevalence of TBEV infection and examine behaviours associated with an increased risk of infection among individuals who visited the Heilongjiang Red Cross Sengong General Hospital due to tick bites from 2020 to 2023.

Haplotype-resolved chromosome-scale genomes of the Asian and African Savannah Elephants.

The Proboscidea, which includes modern elephants, were once the largest terrestrial animals among extant species. They suffered mass extinction during the Ice Age. As a unique branch on the evolutionary tree, the Proboscidea are of great significance for the study of living animals.

Hantaan virus inhibits type I interferon response by targeting RLR signaling pathways through TRIM25.

Hantaan virus (HTNV) is responsible for hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), primarily due to its ability to inhibit host innate immune responses, such as type I interferon (IFN-I). In this study, we conducted a transcriptome analysis to identify host factors regulated by HTNV nucleocapsid protein (NP) and glycoprotein. Our findings demonstrate that NP and Gc proteins inhibit host IFN-I production by manipulating the retinoic acid-induced gene I (RIG-I)-like receptor (RLR) pathways.

H10Nx avian influenza viruses detected in wild birds in China pose potential threat to mammals.

H10 subtype avian influenza viruses (AIVs) have been isolated from wild and domestic avian species worldwide and have occasionally crossed the species barrier to mammalian hosts. Fatal human cases of H10N8 infections and the recent detection of human H10N3 infections have drawn widespread public attention. In this study, 25 H10Nx viruses were isolated from wild waterfowl in China during a long-term surveillance of AIVs.

Exploration of Parascaris species in three different Equus populations in China.

Background: The roundworms, Parascaris spp., are important nematode parasites of foals and were historically model organisms in the field of cell biology, leading to many important discoveries. According to karyotype, ascarids in Equus are commonly divided into Parascaris univalens (2n = 2) and Parascaris equorum (2n = 4).

The first genome assembly of the amphibian nematode parasite ().

Cosmocercoid nematodes are common parasites of the digestive tract of amphibians. Genomic resources are important for understanding the evolution of a species and the molecular mechanisms of parasite adaptation. So far, no genome resource of Cosmocercoid has been reported.

Yezo Virus Infection in Tick-Bitten Patient and Ticks, Northeastern China.

We identified Yezo virus infection in a febrile patient who had a tick bite in northeastern China, where 0.5% of Ixodes persulcatus ticks were positive for viral RNA. Clinicians should be aware of this potential health threat and include this emerging virus in the differential diagnosis for tick-bitten patients in this region.

Flavivirus prM interacts with MDA5 and MAVS to inhibit RLR antiviral signaling.

Background: Vector-borne flaviviruses, including tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), Zika virus (ZIKV), West Nile virus (WNV), yellow fever virus (YFV), dengue virus (DENV), and Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), pose a growing threat to public health worldwide, and have evolved complex mechanisms to overcome host antiviral innate immunity. However, the underlying mechanisms of flavivirus structural proteins to evade host immune response remain elusive.

Results: We showed that TBEV structural protein, pre-membrane (prM) protein, could inhibit type I interferon (IFN-I) production.

The impact of current failures on predicted well-being for future success: Different mechanisms of action in high and low self-threat situations.

This study explored the effect of current performance on the predicted well-being for future success and its mechanism. This empirical research consists of two experiments. In Study 1, the individual's predicted well-being of future performance in the tests was lower in good feedback condition compared with bad feedback condition.

Investigation of the Efficacy of Pyrantel Pamoate, Mebendazole, Albendazole, and Ivermectin against in Captive Giant Pandas.

is one of the main health risks threatening both wild and captive giant pandas. The administration of anthelmintics is a common method to effectively control infection, but there is a notable risk of anthelmintic resistance (AR) after long-term, constant use of anthelmintics. Four anthelmintics-pyrantel pamoate (PYR), mebendazole (MBZ), albendazole (ABZ), and ivermectin (IVM)-were each administered separately at intervals of 2 months to 22 enrolled giant pandas.

Seroprevalence and risk factor analysis of Toxoplasma gondii infection in Siberian tigers (Panthera tigris altaica) and giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) in China.

Toxoplasmosis, caused by Toxoplasma gondii, is a worldwide zoonosis. The aim of the present study was to detect the seroprevalence of T. gondii infection and associated risk factors among Siberian tigers (Panthera tigris altaica) and giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) in China.

The genetic characteristics of Sarcoptes scabiei from Chinese serow (Capricornis milneedwardsii) and goral (Naemorhedus goral arnouxianus) compared with other mites from different hosts and geographic locations using ITS2 and cox1 sequences.

Scabies is a common parasitic disease in many mammalian species, caused by the infestation of Sarcoptes scabiei. There is no consistent conclusion on whether Sarcoptes mites from different hosts or geographic locations have apparent genetic divergence. In this study, we collected and morphologically identified S.

The chromosome-scale genome of the raccoon dog: Insights into its evolutionary characteristics.

The raccoon dog () is an invasive canid species native to East Asia with several distinct characteristics. Here, we report a chromosome-scale genome of the raccoon dog with high contiguity, completeness, and accuracy. The intact taste receptor genes, expanded gene families, and positively selected genes related to digestion, absorption, foraging, and detoxification likely support the omnivory of raccoon dogs.

Biological characteristics of two mesenchymal stem cell cultures isolated from the umbilical cord and adipose tissue of a neonatal common hippo (Hippopotamus amphibius).

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent adult stem cells and can be isolated from many tissues of the body. Due to their potentials to treat various diseases and be applied in animal breeding, MSCs have been isolated and identified regarding their biological properties. Common hippos (Hippopotamus amphibius) are a vulnerable species and yet the cryopreservation of their genetic materials is scare.