Attenuated Natural Convection in Molten Salt Electrochemical Systems with Minimal Heat Dissipation.

The accurate understanding of mass transfer in molten salt contributes to revealing the reaction mechanism and advancing the technologies. The existence of notable natural convection effects has been demonstrated in our previous studies, even though the driving forces for such a high natural convection are still not clear. Herein, we showed that the intense natural convection in molten salts resulted from severe heat dissipation through the electrodes (or the system).

Construction of double reaction zones for long-life quasi-solid aluminum-ion batteries by realizing maximum electron transfer.

Achieving high energy density and long cycling life simultaneously remains the most critical challenge for aluminum-ion batteries (AIBs), especially for high-capacity conversion-type positive electrodes suffering from shuttle effect in strongly acidic electrolytes. Herein, we develop a layered quasi-solid AIBs system with double reaction zones (DRZs, Zone 1 and Zone 2) to address such issues. Zone 1 is designed to accelerate reaction kinetics by improving wetting ability of quasi-solid electrolyte to active materials.

Comparative transcriptome analysis of Veratrum maackii and Veratrum nigrum reveals multiple candidate genes involved in steroidal alkaloid biosynthesis.

Veratrum (Melanthiaceae; Liliales) is a genus of perennial herbs known for the production of unique bioactive steroidal alkaloids. However, the biosynthesis of these compounds is incompletely understood because many of the downstream enzymatic steps have yet to be resolved. RNA-Seq is a powerful method that can be used to identify candidate genes involved in metabolic pathways by comparing the transcriptomes of metabolically active tissues to controls lacking the pathway of interest.

Improved salt-tolerance of transgenic soybean by stable over-expression of AhBADH gene from Atriplex hortensis.

The salt-tolerance of transgenic soybean cleared for environmental release was improved by stable over-expression of AhBADH gene from Atriplex hortensis, which was demonstrated through molecular analysis and field experiments. An effective strategy for increasing the productivity of major crops under salt stress conditions is the development of transgenics that harbor genes responsible for salinity tolerance. Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase (BADH) is a key enzyme involved in the biosynthesis of the osmoprotectant, glycine betaine (GB), and osmotic balance in plants, and several plants transformed with BADH gene have shown significant improvements in salt tolerance.

Selection principles of polymeric frameworks for solid-state electrolytes of non-aqueous aluminum-ion batteries.

Liquid electrolyte systems of aluminum-ion batteries (AIBs) have restrictive issues, such as high moisture sensitivity, strong corrosiveness, and battery leakage, so researchers have turned their attention to developing high safety, leak-free polymer electrolytes. However, the stability of the active factor of AIB systems is difficult to maintain with most of polymeric frameworks due to the special Al complex ion balance in chloroaluminate salts. Based on this, this work clarified the feasibility and specific mechanism of using polymers containing functional groups with lone pair electrons as frameworks of solid-state electrolytes for AIBs.

Full space coordinate measurement method with a portable light pen by using hybrid light field imaging.

The light pen is one of the most useful spatial coordinate measurement methods. However, due to the principle of vision measurement, the traditional light pen has the disadvantages such as limited measurement range, large structure size and complex calibration process. In order to revolutionize the design of light pen, this paper proposes a full space coordinate measurement method with a portable light pen by using hybrid light field imaging.

Nonaqueous Rechargeable Aluminum Batteries: Progresses, Challenges, and Perspectives.

For significantly increasing the energy densities to satisfy the growing demands, new battery materials and electrochemical chemistry beyond conventional rocking-chair based Li-ion batteries should be developed urgently. Rechargeable aluminum batteries (RABs) with the features of low cost, high safety, easy fabrication, environmental friendliness, and long cycling life have gained increasing attention. Although there are pronounced advantages of utilizing earth-abundant Al metals as negative electrodes for high energy density, such RAB technologies are still in the preliminary stage and considerable efforts will be made to further promote the fundamental and practical issues.

Rechargeable Nickel Telluride/Aluminum Batteries with High Capacity and Enhanced Cycling Performance.

Rechargeable aluminum-ion batteries (AIBs) possess significant advantages of high energy density, safety performance, and abundant natural resources, making them one of the desirable next-generation substitutes for lithium battery systems. However, the poor reversibility, short lifespan, and low capacity of positive materials have limited its practical applications. In comparison with semiconductors, the metallic nickel telluride (NiTe) alloy with enhanced electrical conductivity and fast electron transmission is a more favorable electrode material that could significantly decrease the kinetic barrier during battery operation for energy storage.

Agrobacterium-Mediated Genetic Transformation of the Medicinal Plant .

L. (Liliaceae), a monocotyledonous species distributed throughout the Changbai mountains of Northeast China, is pharmaceutically important, due to the capacity to produce the anticancer drug cyclopamine. An efficient transformation system of mediated with is presented.

Image distortion correction method in a nonuniform temperature field by using Runge-Kutta ray tracing.

To solve the imaging distortion problem in a nonuniform temperature field for visual measurement, this paper studies the Runge-Kutta ray tracing algorithm. First, the light ray emitted by the spatial light point will be abstracted by the proposed method. Then, the ray trajectory in a 3D nonuniform temperature gradient environment will be reproduced, and the ray distortion can be corrected.

Dynamic Changes in Metabolite Accumulation and the Transcriptome during Leaf Growth and Development in .

Oliver is widely distributed in China. This species has been used mainly in medicine due to the high concentration of chlorogenic acid (CGA), flavonoids, lignans, and other compounds in the leaves and barks. However, the categories of metabolites, dynamic changes in metabolite accumulation and overall molecular mechanisms involved in metabolite biosynthesis during leaf growth and development remain unknown.

Facile synthesis of Ni(HPO)(OH)/rGO nanorods with enhanced electrochemical performance for aluminum-ion batteries.

The electrochemical behaviors of the ultrashort nickel phosphite nanorods supported on reduced graphene oxide (Ni(HPO)(OH)/rGO nanorods), as a candidate for cathodic applications in aluminum-ion batteries, are firstly investigated. Ni(HPO)(OH)/rGO nanorods are synthesized by a facile solvothermal process. Ni(HPO)(OH) and Ni(HPO)(OH)/rGO cathodes both possess very high initial discharge capacities of 132.

Ordered WO nanorods: facile synthesis and their electrochemical properties for aluminum-ion batteries.

In this work, we have synthesized ordered WO nanorods via a facile hydrothermal process. And the series WO nanorods with oxygen vacancies are obtained via a subsequent thermal reduction process. The formation mechanisms of WO nanorods with different oxygen vacancies are proposed.

Airplane wing deformation and flight flutter detection method by using three-dimensional speckle image correlation technology.

Airplane wing deformation is an important element of aerodynamic characteristics, structure design, and fatigue analysis for aircraft manufacturing, as well as a main test content of certification regarding flutter for airplanes. This paper presents a novel real-time detection method for wing deformation and flight flutter detection by using three-dimensional speckle image correlation technology. Speckle patterns whose positions are determined through the vibration characteristic of the aircraft are coated on the wing; then the speckle patterns are imaged by CCD cameras which are mounted inside the aircraft cabin.

Exfoliation Mechanism of Graphite Cathode in Ionic Liquids.

Graphene has been successfully electrochemically exfoliated by electrolysis of cathode graphite in the aluminum-ion battery with ionic liquid electrolyte comprising AlCl and 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([EMIm]Cl). The AlCl, AlCl, etc., intercalation into graphite flakes in ionic liquid of the aluminum-ion battery by different electrolysis processes to exfoliate graphite has been researched in detail.

A total station spatial positioning method based on rotary laser scanning and ultrasonic ranging.

Total station spatial coordinator measuring technology is extensively applied in the large-scale measurement of industrial assembly and manufacturing for its flexibility and adaptability. The existing total station technology has some principal limits such as poor efficiency and single tasking; in order to achieve the total station spatial coordinator measuring technology with the advantages of multi-task, real-time measurement, and high accuracy, this paper presents a novel total station measurement method by using multi-laser plane constraints established through rotating planar planes and distance information obtained with an ultrasonic ranging method. With the spatial divergence angles of the optoelectronic scanning and ultrasonic arrays, this method can measure the spatial coordinates in multi-task and real-time with a single station and a portable target bar.

Hexagonal NiS nanobelts as advanced cathode materials for rechargeable Al-ion batteries.

Hexagonal NiS nanobelts served as novel cathode materials for rechargeable Al-ion batteries based on an AlCl3/[EMIm]Cl ionic liquid electrolyte system. The nano-banded structure of the materials can facilitate the electrolyte immersion and enhance Al(3+) diffusion. The hexagonal NiS nanobelt based cathodes exhibit high storage capacity, good cyclability and low overpotential.

Self-calibration method for rotating laser positioning system using interscanning technology and ultrasonic ranging.

A rotating laser positioning system (RLPS) is an efficient measurement method for large-scale metrology. Due to multiple transmitter stations, which consist of a measurement network, the position relationship of these stations must be first calibrated. However, with such auxiliary devices such as a laser tracker, scale bar, and complex calibration process, the traditional calibration methods greatly reduce the measurement efficiency.

A new aluminium-ion battery with high voltage, high safety and low cost.

A new kind of Al-ion battery with carbon paper as the cathode, high-purity Al foil as the anode and ionic liquid as the electrolyte is proposed in this work. The significance of the presented battery is going to be an extremely high average voltage plateau of ca. 1.

[Huanglian jiedu decoction regulated and controlled differentiation of monocytes, macrophages, and foam cells: an experimental study].

Objective: To observe the effect of Huanglian Jiedu Decoction (HLJDD) in in vivo regulating differentiation of monocytes in an apolipoprotein E knockout (ApoE(-/-)) mouse model, and to observe the effect of HLJDD-containing serum in in vitro regulating differentiation of macrophages and foam cells.

Methods: Fifteen apoE(-/-) mice were randomly divided into the common diet group, the hyperlipidemia group, and the hyperlipidemia +HLJDD treatment group, 5 in each group. Mice in the common diet group were fed with a chow diet.