Modifying the Resistant Starch Content and the Retrogradation Characteristics of Potato Starch Through High-Dose Gamma Irradiation.

Potato starch is widely utilized in the food industry. Gamma irradiation is a cost-effective and environmentally friendly method for starch modification. Nevertheless, there is a scarcity of comprehensive and consistent knowledge regarding the physicochemical characteristics of high-dose gamma-irradiated potato starch, retrogradation properties in particular.

Role of Depletion in Inhibiting Ovarian Cancer Progression: Insights From and M2 Macrophage Polarization.

Backgrounds: Recent studies have proven the oncogenic role of kinesin family member 20A () in several cancers. Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) were reported to participate in tumor initiation and metastasis. In this study, we aimed to explore the detailed mechanism underlying in regulating the progression of ovarian cancer and its involvement with TAMs.

Enhanced Anticancer Efficacy of Alkaline Plasma-Activated Water through Augmented RONS Production.

Despite notable advances in anticancer drug development, their manufacture and use pose environmental and health risks due to toxic byproducts, drug residue contamination, and cytotoxicity to normal cells. Therefore, developing cost-effective anticancer treatments with fewer toxic side effects and higher selectivity is essential to the advancement of highly effective anticancer therapies. Plasma-activated water (PAW) offers a green alternative to conventional chemical treatments as it reverts to water within days.

Structural insights into the high basal activity and inverse agonism of the orphan receptor GPR6 implicated in Parkinson's disease.

GPR6 is an orphan G protein-coupled receptor with high constitutive activity found in D2-type dopamine receptor-expressing medium spiny neurons of the striatopallidal pathway, which is aberrantly hyperactivated in Parkinson's disease. Here, we solved crystal structures of GPR6 without the addition of a ligand (a pseudo-apo state) and in complex with two inverse agonists, including CVN424, which improved motor symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease in clinical trials. In addition, we obtained a cryo-electron microscopy structure of the signaling complex between GPR6 and its cognate G heterotrimer.

Accumulation of N-carboxymethyllysine and N-carboxyethyllysine in precooked pork during cold storage and subsequent reheating.

This research aimed to investigate the levels of N-carboxymethyllysine (CML) and N-carboxyethyllysine (CEL) in precooked pork (100 °C, 10 min) as affected by storage (0 °C, 0-11 d) and subsequent reheating (100 °C, 5 min). A longer storage duration led to more CML (average increased: 69-128 %) and CEL (average increased: 11-44 %) in precooked pork, while the reheating resulted in average increases of 86 % CML and 32 % CEL compared to their initial levels in precooked pork. However, the storage duration did not significantly (p > 0.

Citrus rhoifolin alleviated DSS-induced acute colitis by activating CEMIP/SLC7A11-mediated cystine uptake and inhibiting epithelial ferroptosis.

Purpose: Pharmacological inhibition of ferroptosis, a specific form of regulated cell death, has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy for alleviating symptoms and enhancing endoscopic outcomes in patients suffering from ulcerative colitis. Rhoifolin, a prominent bioactive constituent abundant in the widely consumed fruit Citrus grandis (grapefruit), has garnered attention for its ability to diminish the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are key inducers of ferroptosis across diverse cellular contexts. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether rhoifolin exerts its beneficial effects on colitis by modulating the process of epithelial ferroptosis.

CELF2 promotes tau exon 10 inclusion via hinge domain-mediated nuclear condensation.

Alternative splicing is a fundamental process that contributes to the functional diversity and complexity of proteins. The regulation of each alternative splicing event involves the coordinated action of multiple RNA-binding proteins, creating a diverse array of alternatively spliced products. Dysregulation of alternative splicing is associated with various diseases, including neurodegeneration.

Development of pilot-scale plasma bubble reactors for efficient antibiotics removal in wastewater.

Plasma bubble (PB) is a promising technology to control antibiotic wastewater pollution. However, the practical implementation of PB technology at the industrial-scale is still underdeveloped. In addition, the influence of different discharge modes for PB on wastewater treatment is largely unknown.

Highly energy-efficient degradation of simulated dye wastewater by array type underwater bubble discharge plasma: Key factors identification and degradation pathways.

The extensive use of dyes presents a significant safety concern for the reuse of water resources, highlighting the critical need for a rapid and efficient degradation method for dye mixtures in wastewater. This study introduces a degradation system based on an array type underwater bubble discharge plasma specifically designed to treat a dye mixture wastewater containing methylene blue (MB) and methyl violet 2B (MV2B). Analysis of the optical and electrical characteristics reveals that the device experiences minimal temperature increase, with the highest intensity of the band associated with N in the emission spectra, and discharges occurring predominantly during the rising and falling edges of a pulse cycle.

Architecture of CTPS filament networks revealed by cryo-electron tomography.

The cytoophidium is a novel type of membraneless organelle, first observed in the ovaries of Drosophila using fluorescence microscopy. In vitro, purified Drosophila melanogaster CTPS (dmCTPS) can form metabolic filaments under the presence of either substrates or products, and their structures that have been analyzed using cryo-electron microscopy (cryo-EM). These dmCTPS filaments are considered the fundamental units of cytoophidia.

Multi-response kinetic study of Maillard reaction hazards in the glucose-lysine model system.

Background: Nε-carboxymethyllysine (CML), Nε-carboxyethyllysine (CEL) and α-aminoadipic acid (AAA) are important foodborne hazards and their intake can cause a variety of diseases in humans. It is extremely important to investigate the formation mechanism of CML, CEL and AAA, as well as their association with each other when aiming to control their production.

Results: A multi-response kinetic model was developed within the glucose-lysine Maillard reaction model system.

Combined single cell and spatial transcriptome analysis reveals hedgehog pathway-related genes as potential therapeutic targets for cervical cancer.

Cervical cancer (CC) remains one of the most common and deadly malignancies among women worldwide, with exceptionally high morbidity and mortality rates. The aberrant activation of the hedgehog pathway is intimately associated with tumor development and progression. Nevertheless, the potential therapeutic targets within the hedgehog pathway in CC have yet to be clearly identified.

Improving an Alternative Glycerol Catabolism Pathway in Yarrowia lipolytica to Enhance Erythritol Production.

Engineering the glycerol-3-phosphate pathway could enhance erythritol production by accelerating glycerol uptake. However, little work has been conducted on the alternative dihydroxyacetone (DHA) pathway in Yarrowia lipolytica. Herein, this route was identified and characterized in Y.

Jianpi Huayu Prescription Prevents Atherosclerosis by Improving Inflammation and Reshaping the Intestinal Microbiota in ApoE Mice.

This study established an LPS-induced RAW264.7 macrophage inflammatory injury model and an AS mouse vulnerable plaque model to observe the effect of JPHYP on macrophage inflammation, plaque formation, blood lipids, inflammation levels, intestinal flora and the influence of TLR4/MyD88/MAPK pathway, and explore the anti-AS effect and molecular mechanism of JPHYP, and detected 16S rRNA of mice intestinal microbes. The difference of intestinal flora in different groups of mice was compared to further explore the intervention effect of JPHYP and clarify the molecular biological mechanism of JPHYP in preventing and treating AS by regulating TLR4/MyD88/MAPK inflammatory signaling pathway and improving intestinal flora.

Monoacylglycerol acyltransferase-2 inhibits colorectal carcinogenesis in APC mice.

Monoacylglycerol acyltransferase-2 (MOGAT2), encodes MOGAT enzyme in the re-synthesis of triacylglycerol and protects from metabolism disorders. While, its precise involvement in colorectal cancer (CRC) progression remains inadequately understood. Our study demonstrated that knockout of Mogat2 in Apc mice expedited intestinal tumor growth and progression, indicating that Mogat2 plays a tumor-suppressing role in CRC.

[Effects of inhibitors of DNA repair enzymes OGG1 and MTH1 on the replication of African swine fever virus].

African swine fever virus (ASFV), as a contagious viral pathogen, is responsible for the occurrence of African swine fever (ASF), a rapidly spreading and highly lethal disease. Since ASFV was introduced into China in 2018, it has been quickly spread to many provinces, which brought great challenges to the pig industry in China. Due to the limited knowledge about the pathogenesis of ASFV, neither vaccines nor antiviral drugs are available.

IRF8-mutant B cell lymphoma evades immunity through a CD74-dependent deregulation of antigen processing and presentation in MHCII complexes.

The mechanism by which interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8) mutation contributes to lymphomagenesis is unknown. We modeled IRF8 variants in B cell lymphomas and found that they affected the expression of regulators of antigen presentation. Expression of IRF8 mutants in murine B cell lymphomas suppressed CD4, but not CD8, activation elicited by antigen presentation and downmodulated CD74 and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DM, intracellular regulators of antigen peptide processing/loading in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) II.

Remimazolam has similar anesthetic effect and superior safety compared to propofol in elderly patients: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: The superiority between remimazolam and propofol for anesthesia is controversial in elderly patients (≥60 years). This meta-analysis aimed to systematically compare anesthetic effect and safety profile between remimazolam and propofol in elderly patients under any surgery.

Methods: Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and PubMed were searched until December 25, 2023 for relevant randomized controlled trials.

The systemic immune-inflammation index at kasai portoenterostomy: related to clinical outcomes.

Background: Systemic Immune-Inflammation Index (SII), known as an easy, economical and useful marker, correlates with the balance of inflammation and immune response. However, the usefulness of SII in biliary atresia (BA) remains unclear. Therefore, we evaluated the relationship of SII level and postoperative clinical outcomes of BA.