The potential utilization of platelet-derived extracellular vesicles in clinical treatment.

Platelet-derived extracellular vesicles (PEVs) are released by platelets in the blood circulation, which carry a rich bio-molecular cargo influential in intercellular communications. PEVs can enter the lymph, bone marrow, and synovial fluid as nano-sized particles, while platelets cannot cross tissue barriers. Considering the advantages of PEVs such as low immunogenicity, high regulation of signal transduction, and easy obtainment, PEVs may be promising therapeutic tools for medical applications.

Predictive Value of Platelet-Related Measures in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Increasing numbers of studies reported platelet (PLT)- related measures could play a creative role in many malignancies, while the prognostic impact of these measures in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains limited and controversial. It is worth exploring the predictive value of PLT-related measures in HCC. A total of 279 HCC patients with hepatectomy were analyzed in the retrospective cohort study.

Evaluation of inflammatory parameters in patients with hepatic hydatid disease.

Background: To the best of our knowledge, the association of inflammatory parameters with hepatic hydatid disease (HD) has not been investigated in a single study. We aimed to evaluate the potential value of inflammatory indices in this disorder.

Methods: The retrospective study including 114 patients was performed from January 2016 to November 2019.

Vitexin regulates Epac and NLRP3 and ameliorates chronic cerebral hypoperfusion injury.

Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH), as a critical factor of chronic cerebrovascular diseases, has greatly influenced the health of patients with vascular dementia. Vitexin, a flavone C-glycoside (apigenin-8-C-β-D-glucopyranoside) that belongs to the flavone subclass of flavonoids, has been shown to possess antioxidant and anti-ischemic properties; however, the putative protective effects of vitexin on the CCH need further investigation. In the current study, the role of vitexin and its underlying mechanism were investigated with permanent bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (2VO) in rats as well as mouse hippocampal neuronal (HT22) cells with oxygen and glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) injury model.

The Impact of ANxA6 Gene Polymorphism on the Efficacy of Methotrexate Treatment in Psoriasis Patients.

Background: There are great interindividual variations in the clinical efficacy of methotrexate (MTX) treatment and patients' genetic background seems promising in its explanation.

Objectives: The study aimed to test whether the polymorphism of annexin A6 (ANxA6) gene, a susceptibility factor for psoriasis, was associated with the clinical response to MTX therapy.

Methods: A total of 325 patients enrolled in the study received oral MTX treatment, of whom 310 completed the 1-year study and performed the genotype analysis.

Platelet Dysfunction and Its Role in the Pathogenesis of Psoriasis.

Background: Psoriasis is an immune-mediated inflammatory skin disease in conjunction with the systemic inflammatory process. It appears to be related to increased risks of cardiovascular disease events, especially in severe cases. The hemostatic balance is disrupted due to the prothrombotic bias in psoriasis, which might be mainly preserved by platelet hyperactivity.

The contribution of oxidative stress to platelet senescence during storage.

Background: Platelets for transfusion become senescent and dysfunctional during storage, resulting in a markedly short shelf life (5 days). We hypothesized that oxidative stress might account for this decline.

Study Design And Methods: Human platelets were treated with or without antioxidants before storage, and samples were collected and analyzed at different time points.

Platelet mitochondrial dysfunction and the correlation with human diseases.

The platelet is considered as an accessible and valuable tool to study mitochondrial function, owing to its greater content of fully functional mitochondria compared with other metabolically active organelles. Different lines of studies have demonstrated that mitochondria in platelets have function far more than thrombogenesis regulation, and beyond hemostasis, platelet mitochondrial dysfunction has also been used for studying mitochondrial-related diseases. In this review, the interplay between platelet mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress, mitochondrial DNA lesions, electron transfer chain impairments, mitochondrial apoptosis and mitophagy has been outlined.