Parthenolide Suppresses T Helper 17 and Alleviates Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis.

T helper (Th) cells play crucial roles in inflammation and adaptive immune system. Importantly, Th17 cells, a major pathogenic Th cell subset, are involved in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS) and its classical animal modal experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Previous studies have shown that parthenolide (PTL), a sesquiterpene lactone, possesses potent anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activities.

Hydrolytically Stable Zr-Based Metal-Organic Framework as a Highly Sensitive and Selective Luminescent Sensor of Radionuclides.

Effective detections of radionuclides including uranium and its predominant fission products, for example, iodine, are highly desired owing to their radiotoxicity and potential threat to human health. However, traditional analytical techniques of radionuclides are instrument-demanding, and chemosensors targeted for sensitization of radionuclides remain limited. In this regard, we report a sensitive and selective sensor of UO and I based on the unique quenching behavior of a luminescent Zr-based metal-organic framework, ZrO(OH)(OH)(HO)(TCPE)·(HO)(CHNO) ().

Synthesis, characterization, and functional evaluation of branched dodecyl phenol polyoxyethylene ethers: a novel class of surfactants with excellent wetting properties.

A series of branched dodecyl phenol polyoxyethylene ethers (b-DPEO ) were successfully synthesized alkylation and ethylene oxide addition reactions. The alkylation reaction was conducted by using a branched internal olefin as the raw material. Furthermore, the conversion rate of the branched dodecene was measured to be 98.

A novel prognostic nomogram for patients with extragastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma: A multicenter study.

Background: The aim of this study was to explore predictors and construct a nomogram for risk stratification in primary extragastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma.

Methods: Extragastric MALT lymphoma cases newly diagnosed between November 2010 and April 2020 were assessed to construct a progression-free survival (PFS)-related nomogram. We also performed external validation of the nomogram in an independent cohort.

Chaetocin attenuates atherosclerosis progression and inhibits vascular smooth muscle cell phenotype switching.

We aimed to explore the effect of chaetocin on atherosclerosis and its possible mechanism. In vitro, we observed that chaetocin treatment significantly inhibited the proliferation of VSMCs in concentration- and time-dependent manner. We also found that chaetocin suppressed the migration of VSMCs.

Therapeutic Effect of Rapamycin-Loaded Small Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Experimental Autoimmune Uveitis.

Autoimmune uveitis is a major cause of vision loss and glucocorticoids are major traditional medications, which may induce serious complications. Rapamycin has been demonstrated to exhibit immunosuppressive effects and is promising to be used in treating uveitis by intravitreal injection. However, repeated and frequent intravitreal injections increase the risk of severe ocular complications, while the efficacy of subconjunctival injection of rapamycin is low since it is difficult for rapamycin to penetrate eyeball.

Longitudinal Relationships Between Interparental Conflict and Adolescent Depression: Moderating Effects of School Connectedness.

The present study examined the association between interparental conflict and adolescent depression, and explored the moderating role of school connectedness in this association, in a Chinese context. Data were analyzed from 867 Chinese adolescents who completed the survey at 2 time points. Cross-lagged analyses indicated that interparental conflict in 7th grade adolescents significantly predicted depression in 8th grade, but adolescent depression in 7th grade was not a significant predictor of interparental conflict in 8th grade.

Albuminuria but not low eGFR is closely associated with atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes: an observational study.

Background: There is still controversy regarding the associations of urinary albumin excretion (UAE) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) with atherosclerosis in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Therefore, it is necessary to explore the correlation between them in T2DM patients.

Methods: We conducted a survey involving 2565 T2DM patients from a single center.

Precise Controlling of Friction and Adhesion on Reprogrammable Shape Memory Micropillars.

Microstructured surfaces with stimuli-responsive performances have aroused great attention in recent years, but it still remains a significant challenge to endow surfaces with precisely controlled morphological changes in microstructures, so as to get the precise control of regional properties (e.g., friction, adhesion).

DNA methylation clocks tick in naked mole rats but queens age more slowly than nonbreeders.

Naked mole rats (NMRs) live an exceptionally long life, appear not to exhibit age-related decline in physiological capacity and are resistant to age-related diseases. However, it has been unknown whether NMRs also evade aging according to a primary hallmark of aging: epigenetic changes. To address this question, we profiled = 385 samples from 11 tissue types at loci that are highly conserved between mammalian species using a custom array (HorvathMammalMethylChip40).

Over-expression of long non-coding RNA NORAD promotes trophoblastic cell viability, migration, and invasion in preeclampsia via the miR-202-5p/FXR1 axis.

Objective: Abnormal expression of long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) is critical in preeclampsia (PE) pathogenesis. The current study explored the function of non-coding RNA activated by DNA damage (NORAD) in the progression of PE.

Materials And Methods: Quantitative real-time PCR was utilized to determine the expression of NORAD, microRNA (miR)-202-5p, and fragile X-related gene 1 (FXR1) in PE and normal placenta tissues.

Cholecalciferol pretreatment ameliorates ischemia/reperfusion-induced acute kidney injury through inhibiting ROS production, NF-κB pathway and pyroptosis.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication in patients with potentially life-threatening diseases, and it is also usually associated with unacceptable morbidity and mortality rates. Therefore, new and efficient therapies are urgently required to relieve AKI. It is well known that, reactive oxygen species (ROS), the NF-κB signaling pathways and pyroptosis are involved in AKI induced by ischemia/reperfusion (I/R).

Discovery of SPH5030, a Selective, Potent, and Irreversible Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor for HER2-Amplified and HER2-Mutant Cancer Treatment.

Small-molecule irreversible tyrosine kinase inhibitors as high potent agents have led to improvements in disease-free and overall survival in patients with HER2-amplified cancer. The approved irreversible HER2 inhibitors, neratinib and pyrotinib, both lack HER2 selectivity, leading to off-target adverse events in patients. The development of HER2 mutation during treatment also hampers the progress of the treatment.

Corrosion Resistance and Biocompatibility of Calcium Phosphate Coatings with a Micro-Nanofibrous Porous Structure on Biodegradable Magnesium Alloys.

Magnesium (Mg) and its alloys have exhibited great potential for orthopedic applications; however, their poor corrosion resistance and potential cytotoxicity have hindered their further clinical applications. In this study, we prepared a calcium phosphate (Ca-P) coating with a micro-nanofibrous porous structure on the Mg alloy surface by a chemical conversion method. The morphology, composition, and corrosion performance of the coatings were investigated by scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy-dispersive spectrometer (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), immersion tests, and electrochemical measurements.

Mitochondria-derived reactive oxygen species are involved in renal cell ferroptosis during lipopolysaccharide-induced acute kidney injury.

Our earlier studies indicated that reactive oxygen species (ROS) were involved in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced acute kidney injury (AKI). The present study aimed to explore the role of mitochondria-derived ROS on renal cell ferroptosis during LPS-induced AKI. Male CD-1 mice were intraperitoneally injected with LPS (2.

A novel PI3K inhibitor XH30 suppresses orthotopic glioblastoma and brain metastasis in mice models.

Glioblastoma is carcinogenesis of glial cells in central nervous system and has the highest incidence among primary brain tumors. Brain metastasis, such as breast cancer and lung cancer, also leads to high mortality. The available medicines are limited due to blood-brain barrier.

Modulating effects of RAMPs on signaling profiles of the glucagon receptor family.

Receptor activity-modulating proteins (RAMPs) are accessory molecules that form complexes with specific G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and modulate their functions. It is established that RAMP interacts with the glucagon receptor family of GPCRs but the underlying mechanism is poorly understood. In this study, we used a bioluminescence resonance energy transfer (BRET) approach to comprehensively investigate such interactions.

Effect of small extracellular vesicles derived from IL-10-overexpressing mesenchymal stem cells on experimental autoimmune uveitis.

Background: Autoimmune uveitis is a sight-threatening intraocular inflammation mainly caused by immune dysregulation. The development of safe and effective therapeutic approaches is urgently needed. Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) derived from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been demonstrated to inhibit autoimmune responses; however, the immunosuppressive effect of MSC-sEVs is too weak for clinical transfer.

A Case of Bilateral Aortoiliac Aneurysm with Persistent Aneurysmal Sciatic Artery Treated by Endovascular Aneurysm Repair.

The femoral artery is the conventional access for endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair (EVAR). Patients with an anomalous persistent sciatic artery (PSA) is usually at the expense of an atrophied femoral artery. Therefore, EVAR for patients with PSA anomalies is exceptionally challenging.

Risk stratification of indeterminate thyroid nodules by novel multigene testing: a study of Asians with a high risk of malignancy.

Molecular testing of indeterminate thyroid nodules informs about the presence of point mutations, insertions/deletions, copy number variants, RNA fusions, transcript alterations and miRNA expression. American Thyroid Association (ATA) guidelines suggest molecular testing of indeterminate thyroid nodules may be considered to supplement risk of malignancy (ROM). Although these recommendations have been incorporated in clinical practices in the United States, molecular testing of indeterminate thyroid nodules is not common practice in Asia.

Ultrasound-assisted switchable hydrophilic solvent-based homogeneous liquid-liquid microextraction for the determination of triazole fungicides in environmental water by GC-MS.

A new method was developed for the determination of three triazole fungicides in environmental water samples by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) based on ultrasonic assisted switchable hydrophilic solvent homogeneous liquid-liquid microextraction. As a switchable hydrophilic solvent, ,-dimethylcyclohexylamine (DMCHA) does not require a dispersant or centrifugation. Ultrasound assistance is helpful to speed up the extraction of target compounds and can reduce the pretreatment time.

Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation as Treatment of Poststroke Depression: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Previous studies showed that the application of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) during stroke rehabilitation improve the depression symptoms in poststroke depression (PSD). However, some studies showed inconsistent results. The study was designed to make a meta-analysis to evaluate the effect of noninvasive brain stimulation (tDCS and rTMS) on PSD.

Exogenous Melatonin Promotes the Salt Tolerance by Removing Active Oxygen and Maintaining Ion Balance in Wheat ( L.).

Melatonin (MT) is a small molecule indole hormone that plays an important role in the regulation of biological processes and abiotic stress resistance. Previous studies have confirmed that MT promotes the normal development of plants under stress by mediating physiological regulation mechanisms. However, the physiological mechanism of exogenous MT regulating seed germination and seedling growth of wheat under salt stress is still unclear.

Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome Caused by Human Adenovirus in Adults: A Prospective Observational Study in Guangdong, China.

Background: Viral causes of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) are mostly limited to influenza. However, adenovirus has been emerging as a cause of ARDS with a high mortality rate and described in adults are rare.

Methods: We conducted a prospective, single-center observational study of viral pneumonia with ARDS and confirmed adenovirus-associated ARDS in adults at our quaternary referral institution between March 2019 and June 2020.

Molecular weaving.

Historically, the interlacing of strands at the molecular level has mainly been limited to coordination polymers and DNA. Despite being proposed on a number of occasions, the direct, bottom-up assembly of molecular building blocks into woven organic polymers remained an aspirational, but elusive, target for several decades. However, recent successes in two-dimensional and three-dimensional molecular-level weaving now offer new opportunities and research directions at the interface of polymer science and molecular nanotopology.