Alendronate sodium induces G1 phase arrest and apoptosis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells by inhibiting ROS-mediated ERK1/2 signaling.

Bisphosphonates are potent bone resorption inhibitors, among which alendronate sodium (ALN) is commonly prescribed for most osteoporosis patients, but long-term application of ALN can cause bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of jaw (BRONJ), the pathogenesis of which remains unclear. Previous studies have suggested that bisphosphonates cause jaw ischemia by affecting the biological behavior of vascular endothelial cells, leading to BRONJ. However, the impacts of ALN on vascular endothelial cells and its mechanism remain unclear.

Impact of Invisalign® first system on molar width and incisor torque in malocclusion during the mixed dentition period.

In orthodontic treatment of patients during the mixed dentition period, arch expansion and opening deep overbite are one of the objectives to achieve proper alignment of the teeth and correction of sagittal and vertical discrepancies. However, the expected outcomes of most therapeutic regimens are not clear, making it impossible to standardize early treatment effects. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate the impact of the Invisalign® First System on the dental arch circumference and incisor inclination in patients during the mixed dentition period.

miR-20a: a key regulator of orthodontic tooth movement via BMP2 signaling pathway modulation.

Aim: In this study, we aimed to establish a rat tooth movement model to assess miR-20's ability in enhancing the BMP2 signaling pathway and facilitate alveolar bone remodeling.

Method: 60 male SD rats had nickel titanium spring devices placed between their left upper first molars and incisors, with the right side serving as the control. Forces were applied at varying durations (18h, 24h, 30h, 36h, 42h, 1d, 3d, 5d, 7d, 14d), and their bilateral maxillary molars and surrounding alveolar bones were retrieved for analysis.

Role of Surface Coverage of Sessile Probiotics in Their Interplay with Pathogen Bacteria Investigated by Digital Holographic Microscopy.

The adhesion of probiotics plays an important role in the gastrointestinal tract. Understanding the effect of the coverage of colonized probiotics on enteric pathogens is critical for the design of effective probiotic therapies. In the present work, we have investigated the adaptive behaviors of the intestinal pathogenic bacteria (ES) near the surfaces coated with a probiotic─ GG (LGG) as a function of surface coverage ratio () by using a home-setup digital holographic microscopy.

A two-year retrospective study on traumatic dental injury in the primary dentition.

The aim of this study was to analyze the causes, clinical characteristics, social factors, and current status of treatment of traumatic dental injury (TDI) in the primary dentition. A retrospective analysis was performed on 144 children (213 teeth) with TDI in the primary dentition from our hospital between December 2017 and June 2020. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test and the Mann-Withney-Wilcoxon test.

MiR-20a promotes osteogenic differentiation in bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells and bone repair of the maxillary sinus defect model in rabbits.

This study aimed to determine whether miR-20 promoted osteogenic differentiation in bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (BMSCs) and accelerated bone formation in the maxillary sinus bone defect model in rabbits. BMSCs were transfected with miR-20a or anti-miR-20a for 12 h, followed by detection of RUNX2, Sp7 mRNA, bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2), and RUNX2 protein expression. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and Alizarin Red S staining were used to detect calcified nodule deposition.

lncRNA Facilitates Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells by Modulating SOX11 via Sponging miR-6512-3p.

Periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) are considered ideal cell sources for the regeneration of periodontal and alveolar bone tissue. Cytoskeleton Regulator RNA (), a newly discovered long noncoding RNA, has been reported to function as competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) and to be involved in many biological processes. However, its roles in PDLSC osteogenic differentiation remain unclear.

Comparison of cephalometric measurements of the Twin Block and A6 appliances in the treatment of Class II malocclusion: a retrospective comparative cohort study.

Background: Skeletal Class II malocclusion is a common malocclusion that seriously affects patients' profile and occlusal function. The key to treatment is to use functional appliances guide the mandible forward. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of traditional functional appliance Twin Block (TB) and invisible functional appliance (A6).

MiR-20a: a mechanosensitive microRNA that regulates fluid shear stress-mediated osteogenic differentiation via the BMP2 signaling pathway by targeting BAMBI and SMAD6.

Background: MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are crucial regulators of diverse biological and pathological processes. This study aimed to investigate the role of microRNA 20a (miR-20a) in fluid shear stress (FSS)-mediated osteogenic differentiation.

Methods: In the present study, we subjected osteoblast MC3T3-E1 cells or mouse bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) to single bout short duration FSS (12 dyn/cm for 1 hour) using a parallel plate flow system.

Dopamine Suppresses Osteogenic Differentiation of Rat Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells via AKT/GSK-3/-Catenin Signaling Pathway.

Nervous system is critically involved in bone homeostasis and osteogenesis. Dopamine, a pivotal neurotransmitter, plays a crucial role in sympathetic regulation, hormone secretion, immune activation, and blood pressure regulation. However, the role of dopamine on osteogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (rBMSCs) remains poorly understood.

Relationship of the maxillary posterior teeth and maxillary sinus floor in different skeletal growth patterns: A cone-beam computed tomographic study of 1600 roots.

Purpose: This study evaluated the distance from the posterior root apices to the maxillary sinus floor (MSF) and the frequency of roots touching or protruding through the MSF using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Materials And Methods: This study included 100 subjects divided into different vertical and anteroposterior skeletal growth patterns. On CBCT images, the distance from the posterior root apices to MSF was measured and the frequency of roots touching or protruding through the MSF was evaluated using NNT software (version 5.

Evaluation of maxillary sinus volume in different craniofacial patterns: a CBCT study.

Introduction: Few studies have compared the relationship of MSV in the different craniofacial patterns. Hence, the purpose of this research was to evaluate maxillary sinus volume in different craniofacial patterns using cone-beam computed tomography.

Materials And Methods: This cross-sectional study included 100 pre-orthodontic patients mean aged 26.

Egr-1 mediates low-dose arecoline induced human oral mucosa fibroblast proliferation via transactivation of Wnt5a expression.

Background: Arecoline is an alkaloid natural product found in the areca nut that can induce oral submucous fibrosis and subsequent development of cancer. However, numerous studies have shown that arecoline may inhibit fibroblast proliferation and prevent collagen synthesis.

Results: High doses of arecoline (> 32 μg/ml) could inhibit human oral fibroblast proliferation, while low doses of arecoline (< 16 μg/ml) could promote the proliferation of human oral fibroblasts.

Effects of 17β-Estradiol combined with cyclical compressive stress on the proliferation and differentiation of mandibular condylar chondrocytes.

Objective: The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of 17β-Estradiol (E2) at different concentrations combined with cyclical compressive stress on the proliferation and differentiation of mandibular condylar chondrocytes (MCCs).

Design: MCCs, isolated from female Sprague-Dawley rats, were exposed to E2 at different concentration, cyclical compressive stress or the combination, effects of which on MCCs proliferation and differentiation were detected.

Results: E2 at physiological concentration (10 mol/L) has lower proliferative effects on MCCs, compared with non-physiological concentration (10 mol/L or 10 mol/L).

Suppressing MicroRNA-30b by Estrogen Promotes Osteogenesis in Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cells.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been widely demonstrated to interact with multiple cellular signaling pathways and to participate in a wide range of physiological processes. Estradiol-17 (E2) is the most potent and prevalent endogenous estrogen that plays a vital role in promoting bone formation and reducing bone resorption. Currently, little is known about the regulation of miRNAs in E2-induced osteogenic differentiation.

Expression of lubricin in rat posterior mandibular condylar cartilage following functional mandibular forward repositioning.

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of mandibular forward repositioning on expression of lubricin in rat posterior condylar cartilage.

Methods: In total, fifty 5‑week-old female Sprague Dawley rats were divided randomly into experimental groups and control groups. The animals in the experimental groups were fitted with modified acrylic inclined planes to advance the mandible, whereas rats in the normal control groups were left intact.

Cyclical compressive stress induces differentiation of rat primary mandibular condylar chondrocytes through phosphorylated myosin light chain II.

The role of myosin light chain II (MLC‑II) in cellular differentiation of rat mandibular condylar chondrocytes (MCCs) induced by cyclical uniaxial compressive stress (CUCS) remains unclear. In the current study, a four‑point bending system was used to apply CUCS to primary cultured MCCs from rats. It was identified that CUCS stimulated features of cellular differentiation including morphological alterations, cytoskeleton rearrangement and overproduction of proteoglycans.

Treatment of a mandibular functional shift in an adolescent boy with temporomandibular disorder and crossbites.

A mandibular functional shift usually poses a challenge for orthodontists, especially when it is accompanied by a temporomandibular disorder (TMD). Accurate diagnosis and complete elimination of the etiologic factors are the keys to an esthetic and stable outcome. This article describes the treatment of a teenager with a mandibular functional shift, TMD symptoms, and facial asymmetry resulting from an asymmetric maxillary arch form and multiple crossbites as occlusal interferences.

Fluid shear stress stimulates osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament cells via the extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase signaling pathways.

Background: Fluid shear stress (FSS) is a major type of mechanical stress that is loaded on human periodontal ligament cells (hPDLCs) during mastication and orthodontic tooth movement. This study aims to clarify the effect of FSS on the osteogenic differentiation of hPDLCs and to further verify the involvement of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling in this process.

Methods: After isolation and characterization, hPDLCs were subjected to 2-hour FSS at 12 dynes/cm(2), and cell viability, osteogenic gene mRNA expression, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, secretion of Type I collagen (COL-I), and calcium deposition were assayed.

miRNA expression profile during fluid shear stress-induced osteogenic differentiation in MC3T3-E1 cells.

Background: Mechanical stress plays an important role in the maintenance of bone homeostasis. Current hypotheses suggest that interstitial fluid flow is an important component of the system by which tissue level strains are amplified in bone. This study aimed to test the hypothesis that the short-term and appropriate fluid shear stress (FSS) is expected to promote the terminal differentiation of pre-osteoblasts and detect the expression profile of microRNAs in the FSS-induced osteogenic differentiation in MC3T3-E1 cells.

Single bout short duration fluid shear stress induces osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1 cells via integrin β1 and BMP2 signaling cross-talk.

Fluid shear stress plays an important role in bone osteogenic differentiation. It is traditionally believed that pulsed and continuous stress load is more favorable for fracture recovery and bone homeostasis. However, according to our clinical practice, we notice that one single stress load is also sufficient to trigger osteogenic differentiation.

Mechanical loading induced expression of bone morphogenetic protein-2, alkaline phosphatase activity, and collagen synthesis in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells.

Background: Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and collagen type I are known to play a critical role in the process of bone remodeling. However, the relationship between mechanical strain and the expression of BMP-2, ALP, and COL-I in osteoblasts was still unknown. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different magnitudes of mechanical strain on osteoblast morphology and on the expression of BMP-2, ALP, and COL-I.

Rapid tooth movement through distraction osteogenesis of the periodontal ligament in dogs.

Background: Animal models are needed for the study of rapid tooth movement into the extraction socket through distraction osteogenesis of the periodontal ligament.

Methods: Modified distraction devices were placed on eight dogs between the first and third mandibular premolars on the left sides; similar placement of traditional straight wise appliances on the right sides served as the control. The experimental distractors were activated (0.