Transcriptome analysis of the Bactrian camel (Camelus bactrianus) reveals candidate genes affecting milk production traits.

Background: Milk production traits are complex traits with vital economic importance in the camel industry. However, the genetic mechanisms regulating milk production traits in camels remain poorly understood. Therefore, we aimed to identify candidate genes and metabolic pathways that affect milk production traits in Bactrian camels.

Transcriptome analysis to identify candidate genes related to mammary gland development of Bactrian camel ().

Introduction: The demand for camel milk, which has unique therapeutic properties, is increasing. The mammary gland is the organ in mammals responsible for the production and quality of milk. However, few studies have investigated the genes or pathways related to mammary gland growth and development in Bactrian camels.

Nrf2-Dependent Protective Effect of Paeoniflorin on α-Naphthalene Isothiocyanate-Induced Hepatic Injury.

The pathological mechanism of cholestatic hepatic injury is associated with oxidative stress, hepatocyte inflammation, and dysregulation of hepatocyte transporters. Pall. and its compound can improve hepatic microcirculation, dilate bile duct, and promote bile flow, which is advantageous to ameliorate liver damage.

KRIBB11: A Promising Drug that Promotes Microglial Process Elongation and Suppresses Neuroinflammation.

Microglia are key components of the central innate immune system. The over-activation of microglia, which occurs in nervous system disorders, is usually accompanied with retractions of their ramified processes. Reversing of microglial process retraction is a potential strategy for the prevention of neuroinflammation.

Quality Evaluation of Decoction Pieces of Gardeniae Fructus Based on Qualitative Analysis of the HPLC Fingerprint and Triple-Q-TOF-MS/MS Combined with Quantitative Analysis of 12 Representative Components.

In this study, quality evaluation (QE) of 40 batches of decoction pieces of Gardeniae Fructus (GF) produced by different manufacturers of herbal pieces was performed by qualitative analysis of the HPLC fingerprint and ultra-fast liquid chromatography (UFLC)-triple-Q-TOF-MS/MS combined with quantitative analysis of multiple components, which we established previously for QE of traditional medicine. First, HPLC fingerprints of 40 samples were determined, and the common peaks in the reference fingerprint were assigned. Second, the components of the common peaks in the HPLC fingerprints were identified by UFLC-triple-Q-TOF-MS/MS.

Camel whey protein (CWP) ameliorates liver injury in type 2 diabetes mellitus rats and insulin resistance (IR) in HepG2 cells activation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.

This research investigated the effects of camel whey protein (CWP) treatment on type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats and insulin resistance (IR) HepG2 cell models. Body weight and fasting blood glucose were observed in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) rats every week, and biochemical parameters in serum samples were evaluated after 6 weeks. Antioxidant activity in the liver was estimated, and histological examination of the liver tissues was conducted.

TR35 Exerts Anti-tumor Effects by Modulating Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase and STAT3 Signaling in Lung Cancer Cells.

Cancer is a complex disease extremely dependent on its microenvironment and is highly regulated by a variety of stimuli inside and outside the cell. Evidence suggests that active camel whey fraction (TR35) confer anti-tumor effects in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, its exact mechanisms remain elusive.

Quality Evaluation of Thunb. Based on Qualitative Analysis of the HPLC Fingerprint and UFLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS Combined with Quantitative Analysis of Multicomponents.

In this study, a new method was developed for the comprehensive quality evaluation (QE) of Thunb. (, named Yinchenhao in Chinese), which is one of the most commonly used herbal medicines (HMs). First, fingerprints of 31 batch samples of were determined by HPLC, the reference fingerprint was established, and the common peaks were assigned.

The transmission mode of from water.

The transmission mode of from its source was analyzed by microscope and fluorescence Quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR). The removal efficiency by water surface was 94.5%, and had difficulty in penetrating through the surface of the water membrane.

Quality evaluation of rhubarb based on qualitative analysis of the HPLC fingerprint and UFLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS combined with quantitative analysis of eight anthraquinone glycosides by QAMS.

Rhubarb is one of the most ancient and important herbal medicines, but its current quality evaluation (QE) methods have some limitations. In this study, a new method was developed for the comprehensive QE of rhubarb. First, fingerprints of 28 batches of three species of rhubarb samples were determined by HPLC, the reference fingerprint was established and the common peaks were assigned.

Virulence evaluation of classical swine fever virus subgenotype 2.1 and 2.2 isolates circulating in China.

Classical swine fever (CSF) remains an important pig disease in China, where it usually presents with mild or atypical clinical manifestations, with large scale outbreaks rarely seen. This has led to speculation about the possible circulation of viral strains of low virulence. To investigate this possibility, five field isolates within the predominant genotype 2 (2.

Transcriptomics and proteomics analyses of anti-cancer mechanisms of TR35-An active fraction from Xinjiang Bactrian camel milk in esophageal carcinoma cell.

Background & Aims: The aim of the paper is to investigate the effect of the active fraction extracted from the Xinjiang Bactrian camel whey on the human cancer cells using an in vitro and in vivo model of human carcinoma of the esophagus.

Methods And Results: Our results demonstrated that an antitumor active fraction, TR35, isolated from Xinjiang Bactrian camel milk could significantly inhibit Eca109 cell proliferation and induce its apoptosis (indicated by MTT assay, Annexin V-FITC Apoptosis Detection, and caspase-3 activity). Moreover, we found that TR35 could inhibit the growth of xenografted tumor in nude mice without loss in body weight.

[Filtration of active fractions with function of expelling water retention with drastic purgative from Kansui Radix stir-baked with vinegar].

To study the function of expelling water retention with drastic purgative of different polarities of Kansui Radix stir-baked with vinegar on the cancerous ascites model rats, the furosemide was taken as positive control drug, and the cancerous ascites model rats were respectively orally administered with different polarities of Kansui Radix stir-baked with vinegar for 7 d. The amount of urine and ascites, the level of urinary sodium, potassium, chloride ion and pH, and the content of PRL1, AII, ALD in serum were investigated. Compared with model groups, ethyl acetate extract group showed a decreasing trend in ascites; the amount of urine of showed a significant increase (P < 0.

[Study on toxicity of vinegar-processed Kansui Radix on basis of symptom-based prescription theory].

Objective: To study the differences in the toxicity of vinegar-processed Kansui Radix on normal and cancerous ascites model rats.

Method: Normal and cancerous ascites model rats were taken as the research objects and orally administered with different doses of vinegar-processed Kansui Radix for 7 d. Pathological sections were prepared to observe the damages in liver, stomach, intestinal tissues in rats and detect the impacts on serum, liver, stomach and intestinal tissues and the oxidative damage index.

[Determination of lignanoids in seeds of Schisandra chinensis by combinative methods of fingerprint and QAMS].

Objective: To establish a fingerprint of seeds of Schisandra chinensis (SSC) and develop a method of quantitative analysis of multi-components by single marker (QAMS) for simultaneous determining six lignanoids in SSC.

Methods: Eleven batches of SSC were determined by HPLC and a common mode of fingerprint has been established. A method was developed for QAMS to determine schizandrol A, schizandrol B, schisantherin A, deoxyschizandrin, schizandrin B and schizandrin C in SSC.

[Purification of total paeony glycoside by macroporous resin with double indices of albiflorin and paeoniflorin].

Objective: To investigate the purification process of total paeony glycoside (TPG) from Radix Paeoniae Rubra by macroporous resin with double indices of albiflorin and paeoniflorin.

Methods: HPLC was used for simultaneous determination of albiflorin and paeoniflorin and the results were used as main indices to investigate the technological parameters for purifying TPG by D101 macroporous resin. Then the result was verified by ampliate test.