The root-associated methanotrophs contribute to N fixation and CH oxidation in paddy fields under N-limited conditions. However, the impact of nitrogen inputs on N₂ fixation and CH₄ oxidation by methanotrophs is largely unknown, especially in saline-alkali paddy fields with higher nitrogen application. This study explored the impact of nitrogen fertilization on N₂ fixation and CH₄ oxidation by root-associated active diazotrophic and methanotrophic communities in a saline-alkali paddy field using N-N and C-CH isotope feeding experiments along with RNA-based sequencing.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMyostatin (MSTN) is a protein that plays a crucial role in regulating skeletal muscle development. Despite the known benefits of MSTN mutant cattle for increasing beef production, their potential impact on CH emissions has not been quantified. The study comparing wild-type (WT) cattle to MSTN-knockout (MSTN-KO) cattle revealed that CH production was lower.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRhizospheric microbial community of emergent macrophytes plays an important role in nitrogen removal, especially in the eutrophic wetlands. The objective of this study was to identify the differences in anammox bacterial community composition among different emergent macrophytes and investigate revealed the the main factors affecting on the composition, diversity, and abundance of anammox bacterial community. Results showed that the composition, diversity, and abundance of the anammox community were significantly different between the vegetated sediments of three emergent macrophytes and unvegetated sediment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFInt J Syst Evol Microbiol
January 2024
A previously undescribed, heavy-metal-tolerant, motile, Gram-negative bacterium, designated strain SK50-23, was characterized using a polyphasic approach. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain SK50-23 was closely related to LMG 26467 and the non-phototrophic '' NS23 (98.1 and 97.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRare earth elements (REEs) have been listed as emerging pollutants and are often enriched together in soils with heavy metals (HMs), which results in ecological crises. The ecological effects caused by REEs have been attracting increasing amounts of attention, but most studies neglect the synergistic effect of REEs and HMs. The soil fungal community plays an important role in maintaining ecosystem functions, and understanding the fungal community structure and its dominant influencing factors in the co-contaminated soils will help to develop soil remediation strategies that could reduce or remedy the impacts of human production activities on the environment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA Gram-stain-positive, motile, rod-shaped, facultatively anaerobic bacterium, designated strain WST5, isolated from sediment was characterized using a polyphasic approach. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that strain WST5 was most closely related to CJ25 (96.8 % similarity).
View Article and Find Full Text PDFMethanotrophs oxidize methane (CH) and greatly help in mitigating greenhouse effect. Increased temperatures due to global climate change can facilitate lake salinization, particularly in the regions with cold semiarid climate. However, the effects of salinity on the CH oxidation activity and diversity and composition of methanotrophic community in the sediment of natural lakes at a regional scale are still unclear.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe bioavailability of nitrogen constrains primary productivity, and ecosystem stoichiometry implies stimulation of N fixation in association with carbon sequestration in hotspots such as paddy soils. In this study, we show that N fixation was triggered by methane oxidation and the methanotrophs serve as microbial engines driving the turnover of carbon and nitrogen in rice roots. N-stable isotope probing showed that N-fixing activity was stimulated 160-fold by CH oxidation from 0.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) and plant rhizosphere microbes reportedly enhance plant tolerance to abiotic stresses and promote plant growth in contaminated soils. The co-contamination of soil by heavy metals (e.g.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRoot-associated aerobic methanotroph plays an important role in reducing methane emissions from wetlands. In this study, we examined the activity of methane-dependent nitrogen fixation and active nitrogen-fixing bacterial communities on the roots of and using a N-N feeding experiment and a cDNA-based clone library sequence of the gene, respectively. A N-N feeding experiment showed that the N fixation rate of (1.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe effects of long-term rare earth element (REE) and heavy metal (HM) contamination on soil bacterial communities remains poorly understood. In this study, soil samples co-contaminated with REEs and HMs were collected from a rare-earth tailing dam. The bacterial community composition and diversity were analyzed through Illumina high-throughput sequencing with 16S rRNA gene amplicons.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLake littoral zones can also be regarded as another extremely hypersaline environment due to hypersaline properties of salt lakes. In this study, high-throughput sequencing technique was used to analyze bacteria and fungi from different rhizocompartments (rhizosphere and endosphere) of four dominant plants along the salinity gradient in the littoral zones of Ejinur Salt Lake. The study found that microbial -diversity did not increase with the decrease of salinity, indicating that salinity was not the main factor on the effect of microbial diversity.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFElevated atmospheric CO (eCO) results in plant growth and N limitation, yet how root-associated nitrogen-fixing bacterial communities respond to increasing atmospheric CO and nitrogen fertilization (eN) during the growth stages of rice is unclear. Using the gene as a molecular marker, we studied the combined effect of eCO and eN on the diazotrophic community and abundance at two growth stages in rice (tillering, TI and heading, HI). Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) showed that eN had no obvious effect on abundance in rice roots under either ambient CO (aCO) or eCO treatment at the TI stage; in contrast, at the HI, copy numbers were increased under eCO and decreased under aCO.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLand degraded by salinization and alkalization is widely distributed globally and involves a wide range of ecosystem types. However, the knowledge of the indigenous microbial assemblages and their roles in various saline-alkaline soils is limited. This study demonstrated microbial assemblages in various saline-alkaline soils from different regions of Inner Mongolia and revealed the key driving factors to influence microbiome.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRhizosphere microbes are essential partners for plant stress tolerance. Recent studies indicate that arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can facilitate the revegetation of soils contaminated by heavy metals though interacting with rhizosphere microbiome. However, it is unclear how AMF affect rhizosphere microbiome to improve the growth of plant under rare earth elements (REEs) stress.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFA novel bacterial strain, designated MHJ-10J, was isolated from a soil sample obtained from a grassland in Inner Mongolia, China. MHJ-10J strain could grow at 4-37 °C (optimum: 30 °C) and pH 4-9 (optimum: pH 6), as well as in the presence of 0-6% NaCl (optimum: 1%). Cells of strain MHJ-10J are Gram-negative, rod-shaped, and motile.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFSoil microbial communities play a crucial role in ecological restoration, but it is unknown how co-occurrence networks within these communities respond to grazing exclusion. This lack of information was addressed by investigating the effects of eight years of grazing exclusion on microbial networks in an area of P. Smirn desert steppe in northern China.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRoot-associated aerobic methanotrophs play an important role in regulating methane emissions from the wetlands. However, the influences of the plant genotype on root-associated methanotrophic structures, especially on active flora, remain poorly understood. Transcription of the pmoA gene, encoding particulate methane monooxygenase in methanotrophs, was analyzed by reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) of mRNA isolated from root samples of three emergent macrophytes, including Phragmites australis, Typha angustifolia, and Schoenoplectus triqueter (syn.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe pmoA gene, encoding particulate methane monooxygenase in methanotrophs, and nirS and nirK genes, encoding bacterial nitrite reductases, were examined in the root and rhizosphere sediment of three common emergent macrophytes (Phragmites australis, Typha angustifolia, and Scirpus triqueter) and unvegetated sediment from eutrophic Wuliangsuhai Lake in China. Sequencing analyses indicated that 334 out of 351 cloned pmoA sequences were phylogenetically the most closely related to type I methanotrophs (Gammaproteobacteria), and Methylomonas denitrificans-like organisms accounted for 44.4% of the total community.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiological nitrogen fixation (BNF) by plants and its bacterial associations represent an important natural system for capturing atmospheric dinitrogen (N) and processing it into a reactive form of nitrogen through enzymatic reduction. The study of BNF in non-leguminous plants has been difficult compared to nodule-localized BNF in leguminous plants because of the diverse sites of N fixation in non-leguminous plants. Identification of the involved N-fixing bacteria has also been difficult because the major nitrogen fixers were often lost during isolation attempts.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBiochem Biophys Res Commun
November 2018
Neuropathic pain is one of the most common diabetic complications and significantly decrease the quality of life. The aetiology of the painful diabetic neuropathic pain is not fully clear. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been identified as miRNA sponges and involved in various biological processes, including pain.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn this paper, a spoof surface plasmon polarions (SPPs) transmission line is designed by patterning thin metal film in open-cross shape arranged in array. Numerical simulations show the proposed open-cross array can support spoof SPPs with enlarged propagation constant and hence enhanced confinement at metal/dielectric interface as compared to the reported ultra-thin plasmonic waveguide with the rectangular groove or solid-cross. Furthermore, a differential transmission line pair is built with such two close plasmonic arrays.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFN2-fixing methanotrophs play an important role in the methane-nitrogen cycle in rice paddies. We report here the draft genome sequence of Methylosinus sp. strain 3S-1 isolated from rice root in a paddy field without N fertilizer input.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe relationships between biogeochemical processes and microbial functions in rice (Oryza sativa) paddies have been the focus of a large number of studies. A mechanistic understanding of methane-nitrogen (CH4-N) cycle interactions is a key unresolved issue in research on rice paddies. This minireview is an opinion paper for highlighting the mechanisms underlying the interactions between biogeochemical processes and plant-associated microbes based on recent metagenomic, metaproteomic, and isotope analyses.
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