Molecular Regulation of Shoot Architecture in Soybean.

Soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) serves as a major source of protein and oil for humans and animals.

Origin, variation, and selection of natural alleles controlling flowering and adaptation in wild and cultivated soybean.

Soybean () is an economically important crop worldwide, serving as a major source of oil and protein for human consumption and animal feed. Cultivated soybean was domesticated from wild soybean () which both species are highly sensitive to photoperiod and can grow over a wide geographical range. The extensive ecological adaptation of wild and cultivated soybean has been facilitated by a series of genes represented as quantitative trait loci (QTLs) that control photoperiodic flowering and maturation.

The genetic basis of high-latitude adaptation in wild soybean.

In many plants, flowering time is influenced by daylength as an adaptive response. In soybean (Glycine max) cultivars, however, photoperiodic flowering reduces crop yield and quality in high-latitude regions. Understanding the genetic basis of wild soybean (Glycine soja) adaptation to high latitudes could aid breeding of improved cultivars.

Elimination of an unfavorable allele conferring pod shattering in an elite soybean cultivar by CRISPR/Cas9.

Pod shattering can lead to devastating yield loss of soybean and has been a negatively selected trait in soybean domestication and breeding. Nevertheless, a significant portion of soybean cultivars are still pod shattering-susceptible, limiting their regional and climatic adaptabilities. Here we performed genetic diagnosis on the shattering-susceptible trait of a national registered cultivar, Huachun6 (HC6), and found that HC6 carries the susceptible genotype of a candidate () gene, which exists in a significant portion of soybean cultivars.

Agronomical selection on loss-of-function of GIGANTEA simultaneously facilitates soybean salt tolerance and early maturity.

Salt stress and flowering time are major factors limiting geographic adaptation and yield productivity in soybean (Glycine max). Although improving crop salt tolerance and latitude adaptation are essential for efficient agricultural production, whether and how these two traits are integrated remains largely unknown. Here, we used a genome-wide association study to identify a major salt-tolerance locus controlled by E2, an ortholog of Arabidopsis thaliana GIGANTEA (GI).

Genome-Wide Analysis of Genes Identifies a Novel Salt Tolerance Gene in Wild Soybean ().

Salt stress is a major factor limiting the growth and yield of soybean (). Wild soybeans () contain high allelic diversity and beneficial alleles that can be re-introduced into domesticated soybeans to improve adaption to the environment. However, very few beneficial alleles have been identified from wild soybean.

A functionally divergent SOC1 homolog improves soybean yield and latitudinal adaptation.

Soybean (Glycine max) grows in a wide range of latitudes, but it is extremely sensitive to photoperiod, which reduces its yield and ability to adapt to different environments. Therefore, understanding of the genetic basis of soybean adaptation is of great significance for breeding and improvement. Here, we characterized Tof18 (SOC1a) that conditions early flowering and growth habit under both short-day and long-day conditions.

The legume-specific transcription factor E1 controls leaf morphology in soybean.

Background: The leaf is a determinate organ essential for photosynthesis, whose size and shape determine plant architecture and strongly affect agronomic traits. In soybean, the molecular mechanism of leaf development is not well understood. The flowering repressor gene E1, which encodes a legume-specific B3-like protein, is known to be the gene with the largest influence on soybean flowering and maturity.

Parallel selection of distinct Tof5 alleles drove the adaptation of cultivated and wild soybean to high latitudes.

Photoperiod responsiveness is a key factor limiting the geographic distribution of cultivated soybean and its wild ancestor. In particular, the genetic basis of the adaptation in wild soybean remains poorly understood. In this study, by combining whole-genome resequencing and genome-wide association studies we identified a novel locus, Time of Flowering 5 (Tof5), which promotes flowering and enhances adaptation to high latitudes in both wild and cultivated soybean.

Genetic basis and adaptation trajectory of soybean from its temperate origin to tropics.

Soybean (Glycine max) serves as a major source of protein and edible oils worldwide. The genetic and genomic bases of the adaptation of soybean to tropical regions remain largely unclear. Here, we identify the novel locus Time of Flowering 16 (Tof16), which confers delay flowering and improve yield at low latitudes and determines that it harbors the soybean homolog of LATE ELONGATED HYPOCOTYL (LHY).

The Soybean Gene Contributes to Salt Stress Tolerance by Up-Regulating Salt-Responsive Genes.

Soybean [ (L.) Merr.] is an important crop for oil and protein resources worldwide, and its farming is impacted by increasing soil salinity levels.

CRISPR/Cas9-mediated targeted mutagenesis of GmLHY genes alters plant height and internode length in soybean.

Background: Soybean (Glycine max) is an economically important oil and protein crop. Plant height is a key trait that significantly impacts the yield of soybean; however, research on the molecular mechanisms associated with soybean plant height is lacking. The CRISPR (clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat)/Cas9 (CRISPR-associated system 9) system is a recently developed technology for gene editing that has been utilized to edit the genomes of crop plants.

Effect of paclitaxel-loaded nanoparticles on the viability of human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells.

Objective: To explore effects of paclitaxel-loaded poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) particles on the viability of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) HepG2 cells.

Materials And Methods: The viability of HepG2 cells was assessed using MTT under different concentrations of prepared paclitaxel-loaded particles and paclitaxel (6.25, 12.

Transcellular transport characteristics of huperzine alone or in combination with ginkgolide B across Caco-2 and Madin-Darby canine kidney cell monolayer.

Objective: To study the various processes involved in transcellular transport (TT) of huperzine A alone or in combination with ginkgolide B in Caco-2 and Madin-Darby canine renal (MDCK) cell monolayer.

Methods: The transepithelial passage was assayed in the apical-to-basolateral (AP to BL) direction and opposite direction (BL to AP) in both cell lines. The determination of huperzine A and ginkgolide B were performed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC).

[Preparation of monoclonal antibody against human c-erbB2 and identification of its specificity].

Aim: To prepare monoclonal antibody(mAb) against human c-erbB2 and identify its specificity.

Methods: The epitope of human c-erbB2 antigen was analyzed by using computer software and a immunodominant epitope at the carboxyl-terminal was selected. A peptide consisting of 13 amino acids was synthesized and coupled with keyholelimpet hemocyanin (KLH), and then it was used to immunize BLAB/c mice.