Sustainable food systems under environmental footprints: The delicate balance from farm to table.

In today's world, agriculture is not only about food production but also a critical factor in global environmental change, economic stability, and human health, among other aspects. With population growth and increasingly scarce resources, exploring sustainable development of food systems has become crucial. Achieving this goal requires striking a delicate balance among food security, economic development, ecological environment, and human health.

Insights into the pelletization behaviors of artificial lignocellulosic biomass based on cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin: A simplex lattice mixture design approach.

The use of high quality densified pellet as an alternative to traditional fossil fuels is a promising avenue of research due to their interesting higher density, superior heating values, and enhanced combustion performance. However, little is known about the pelletization behaviors from the aspect of lignocellulosic biomass fundamental components (cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin) and their mixtures. This study presents an artificial biomass developed based on cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin using a simplex lattice design approach, aiming to understand the detailed role of major components and its effects on pellet quality.

Global Path Planning for Articulated Steering Tractor Based on Multi-Objective Hybrid Algorithm.

With the development of smart agriculture, autopilot technology is being used more and more widely in agriculture. Because most of the current global path planning only considers the shortest path, it is difficult to meet the articulated steering tractor operation needs in the orchard environment and address other issues, so this paper proposes a hybrid algorithm of an improved bidirectional search A* algorithm and improved differential evolution genetic algorithm(AGADE). First, the integrated priority function and search method of the traditional A* algorithm are improved by adding weight influence to the integrated priority, and the search method is changed to a bidirectional search.

Study on decision-making for orthodontic treatment plans based on analytic hierarchy process.

Background: Orthodontics is a common treatment for malocclusion and is essential for improving the oral health and aesthetics of patients. Currently, patients often rely on the clinical expertise and professional knowledge of doctors to select orthodontic programs. However, they lack their own objective and systematic evaluation methods to quantitatively compare different programs.

The factors affecting the development of medicinal plants from a value chain perspective.

From a value chain perspective, this paper examines the important factors from the selection of planting areas to storage, which restrict the development of medicinal plants. The purpose of this paper is to provide theoretical basis for the sustainable development of medicinal plants. Medicinal plants have significant economic and medicinal value.

Localization of mechanical and electrical defects in dry-type transformers using an optimized acoustic imaging approach.

This paper presents an acoustic imaging localization system designed to pinpoint common defects in dry-type transformers by analyzing the unique sounds they produce during operation. The system includes an optimized microphone array and an improved multiple signal classification algorithm. Sound signal characteristics of typical defects, such as foreign object intrusion, screw loosening, and partial discharge, are investigated.

Multiple strategies for the development of multienzyme complex for one-pot reactions.

The main intention in the modern era is to make life and activities on earth more comfortable by adding necessary products through biological machinery. Millions of tons of biological raw materials and lignocellulosic biomass are wasted by burning each year without providing benefits to living organisms. Instead of being the cause of disturbing the natural environment by increasing global warming and pollutants worldwide, now, it is the need of the hour to develop an advanced strategy to utilize these biological raw materials to produce renewable energy resources to meet the energy crisis.

Preparation and Application of Foaming Agent Based on the Compound System of Short-Chain Fluorocarbon and Soybean Residue Protein.

This study provides a new idea for the design of an advanced foaming agent with soybean residue protein (SRP) as a potential protein source. In order to achieve the most effective foaming performance, we employed the novel approach of response surface methodology (RSM) to improve important process parameters in a hot-alkali experiment. The experimental results showed that the optimum reaction parameters of pH and temperature were pH 10.

Whole cell of pure Clostridium butyricum CBT-1 from anaerobic bioreactor effectively hydrolyzes agro-food waste into biohydrogen.

Recycling organic waste and converting them into renewable energy are a promising route for environment protection and effective biochemical reactions suitable for industrial hydrogen synthesis. This study targeted to isolate a pure anaerobic culture with potential to hydrolyze different biomass and production of biohydrogen. For this, a sample of full-scale anaerobic digester, fed with a multicomponent solid, was inoculated on Reinforced Clostridial Medium (RCM) in strict anaerobic conditions.

Zinc Supplementation Forms Influenced Zinc Absorption and Accumulation in Piglets.

The study aimed at determining the effect of different zinc (Zn) supplementation forms on Zn accumulation, activities of Zn-containing enzymes, gene expression of metallothionein (MT), and Zn transporters in piglets. Eighteen piglets were randomly divided into three groups: (a) a basal diet supplemented with 150 mg/kg Zn from Zn methionine (Zn-Met) in the feed (Zn-Met group), (b) a basal diet supplemented with 150 mg/kg Zn from Zn sulfate (ZnSO) in the feed (ZnSO, group), and (c) a basal diet supplemented with the same dose of Zn as in ZnSO4, group but in water (ZnSO, group). The results showed that Zn-Met added in feed and ZnSO dissolved in drinking water significantly improved ( < 0.

Multi-branch fusion network for Myocardial infarction screening from 12-lead ECG images.

Background And Objective: Myocardial infarction (MI) is a myocardial anoxic incapacitation caused by severe cardiovascular obstruction that can cause irreversible injury or even death. In medical field, the electrocardiogram (ECG) is a common and effective way to diagnose myocardial infarction, which often requires a wealth of medical knowledge. It is necessary to develop an approach that can detect the MI automatically.

Mechanical Properties of Rice Husk Biochar Reinforced High Density Polyethylene Composites.

Rice husk biochar was utilized to reinforce high-density polyethylene (HDPE) and to prepare biochar/plastic composites (BPC) by the extrusion method. Morphologies, non-isothermal crystallization behavior, and mechanical properties of the composites were investigated. The SEM (scanning electron microscope) showed that HDPE was embedded into the holes of the rice husk biochar.

Catalytic pyrolysis of lignin in a cascade dual-catalyst system of modified red mud and HZSM-5 for aromatic hydrocarbon production.

Catalytic pyrolysis of lignin over a dual-catalyst system of modified red mud and HZSM-5 was carried out in a bench-scale micro-reactor. Effects of pyrolysis temperature, modified red mud to HZSM-5 ratio, catalysts to lignin ratio on the yield of products and selectivity of aromatic hydrocarbons were investigated. Results indicated that 550 °C was the optimal pyrolysis temperature with the maximal yield of bio-oil (20.

Effect of pretreatment on chemical characteristic and thermal degradation behavior of corn stalk digestate: Comparison of dry and wet torrefaction.

In this study, the dry torrefaction (DT) and wet torrefaction (WT) were compared at different temperatures to explore the effect of these pretreatments on the characteristic of corn stalk digestate (CSD) and the thermal degradation behaviors. The results indicated the both torrefactions improved the fuel properties of CSD, including the lower volatiles content, higher carbon content and HHV. The WT showed higher removals of organics and alkali metals, while DT retained more carbon and ash.

Numerical simulation and experiment on catalytic upgrading of biomass pyrolysis vapors in V-shaped downer reactors.

Catalytic upgrading of biomass pyrolysis vapors is an effective utilization technology of biomass energy. Based on the disadvantages of commonly used reactors, the V-shaped downer reactors were designed to increase gas-solid two-phase turbulent intensity, contact frequency and then increase the catalytic efficiency in short residence time. The catalytic upgrading of pyrolysis vapors in V-shaped downer reactors in terms of hydrodynamics, chemical reaction and residence time distribution were analyzed by CFD simulation and experiment.

Comparative study on fast pyrolysis of agricultural straw residues based on heat carrier circulation heating.

Fast pyrolysis of agricultural straw residues based on ceramic ball circulation heating was studied by using an originally developed V-shaped drop tube pyrolysis unit. The yields of bio-oil, bio-char and pyrolysis gas from these straw residues were in the range of 41-46, 26-30 and 26-29 wt%, respectively, with maize straw giving the highest bio-oil yield. A quadratic model was developed to correlate the cellulose-to-lignin-ratio (CLR) and hemicellulose-to-lignin-ratio (HLR) with bio-oil yield.

Influence of inherent hierarchical porous char with alkali and alkaline earth metallic species on lignin pyrolysis.

This study aimed to explore the influence of inherent hierarchical porous char with alkali and alkaline earth metallic species (AAEMs) during pyrolysis of lignin derived from agricultural crop residues in a laboratory fixed-bed at 550 °C. A catalytic strategy was implemented to investigate volatile-char interactions based on ex situ lignin pyrolysis. The physico-chemical properties of the AAEMs-loaded char were characterized by FTIR, XRD, SEM-EDX and N nitrogen adsorption analyses.

Fast pyrolysis of corn stovers with ceramic ball heat carriers in a novel dual concentric rotary cylinder reactor.

Fast pyrolysis of corn stovers with ceramic ball heat carriers in a dual concentric rotary cylinder reactor was studied to explore the product yields and characteristics in response to temperature. The reactor was confirmed to successfully scale up to a 25 kg/h pilot plant, with its performance being excellent. The highest bio-oil yield of 48.

Enhancing biogas production of corn stover by fast pyrolysis pretreatment.

A new thermo-chemical pretreatment by a lower temperature fast pyrolysis (LTFP) was applied to promote anaerobic digestion (AD) efficiency of corn stover (CS). The pretreatment experiment was performed by a fluidized bed pyrolysis reactor at 180, 200 and 220°C with a carrier gas flow rate of 4 and 3m(3)/h. The components characteristics, Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images and Crystal Intensity (CrI) of the pretreated CS were tested to explore effectiveness of the pretreatment.

Biomass fast pyrolysis for bio-oil production in a fluidized bed reactor under hot flue atmosphere.

Fast pyrolysis experiments of corn stalk were performed to investigate the optimal pyrolysis conditions of temperature and bed material for maximum bio-oil production under flue gas atmosphere. Under the optimized pyrolysis conditions, furfural residue, xylose residue and kelp seaweed were pyrolyzed to examine their yield distributions of products, and the physical characteristics of bio-oil were studied. The best flow rate of the flue gas at selected temperature is obtained, and the pyrolysis temperature at 500 degrees C and dolomite as bed material could give a maximum bio-oil yield.

Effect of temperature on gas composition and char structural features of pyrolyzed agricultural residues.

The gases and chars produced during fast pyrolysis of maize stalk, rice straw, cotton straw and rice husk at temperatures ranging from 600 to 1000°C were studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, non-dispersive infrared technique, thermal conductivity detection method, ultimate analysis, X-ray diffraction, helium density measurement and N(2) adsorption method. The gas yield increased by more than 80% from 600 to 1000°C, while the char and liquid yield decreased. The content of CO(2), CO and CH(4) accounted for more than 86%.

An exploratory survey of money boys and HIV transmission risk in Jilin Province, PR China.

This report represents the first exploratory study of Chinese men who provide commercial sex services to other men ("money boys") in Jilin Province, People's Republic of China, through a convenience sample drawn from Changchun and Jilin City. A total of 86 active money boy participants (Changchun, n = 49; Jilin City, n = 37) were surveyed concerning background and demographics, basic HIV transmission knowledge, and sexual practices. The survey indicated that while Jilin Province money boy behavior matches other studies concerning propensity to high risk behavior and significant bridging potential, the Jilin money boys, unlike previous studies, exhibited a high level of basic HIV/AIDS transmission knowledge.

Long-term effects of B-type natriuretic peptide infusion after acute myocardial infarction in a rat model.

Introduction: The effects of exogenous B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) on postmyocardial infarction (MI) are not known. We tested the hypothesis that in vivo infusion of BNP would improve cardiac function and affect left ventricular (LV) remodeling in an experimental model of MI.

Methods: MI was induced by coronary ligation in rats and confirmed by echocardiography.

p38 Mitogen-activated protein kinase inhibition reduces inflammatory cytokines in a brain-dead transplant donor animal model.

Unlabelled: The aim of this study was to determine the degree of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) activation in rat heart and lungs after experimentally induced brain death and to test whether SD-282, a synthetic and selective small molecule inhibitor of p38 MAPK, abrogates p38 MAPK activation invoked by this brain death model.

Methods: Adult male Sprague Dawley rats were treated with vehicle (control, n=7) or SD-282 (40mg/kg, n=6), for 15min prior to the induction of brain death and maintained with ventilatory support for 3h. IL-6 and TNFalpha were measured in plasma, heart and lungs using ELISA, and p38 MAPK via Western blot assay.