LASP1 inhibits the formation of NETs and alleviates acute pancreatitis by stabilizing F-actin polymerization in neutrophils.

Background: Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) play a significant role in the development of acute pancreatitis (AP). The actin-binding protein LASP1 regulates proteins associated with the cytoskeleton, yet its precise involvement in NETs and AP remains to be elucidated.

Methods: To investigate the role of LASP1 in NETs and AP, several bioinformatics methods, such as weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA), differential analysis, and least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression, were utilized to screen for feature genes based on the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset.

PDIA3 rs2788: An Independent Risk Factor for Hypertension and Its Interaction With Antihypertensive Medications.

Hypertension is a multifactorial condition influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. Protein disulfide isomerase family A member 3 (PDIA3) is a key endoplasmic reticulum protein which may contribute to increased blood pressure. However, the relationship between PDIA3 polymorphisms and hypertension remain unclear.

Dimethyl fumarate alleviates Staphylococcus pseudintermedius-induced cell damage by inhibiting pyroptosis and bacterial virulence.

The resistance of pathogenic bacteria to various clinical antibiotics is the major problem in treating bacterial keratitis. Dimethyl fumarate (DMF) has good anti-fungal and anti-inflammatory effects in fungal keratitis, but its effect on bacterial keratitis is unclear. This study aims to investigate DMF's anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects.

Cyanobacteria-probiotics symbionts for modulation of intestinal inflammation and microbiome dysregulation in colitis.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is often associated with excessive inflammatory response and highly dysregulated gut microbiota. Traditional treatments utilize drugs to manage inflammation, potentially with probiotic therapy as an adjuvant. However, current standard practices often suffer from detrimental side effects, low bioavailability, and unsatisfactory therapeutic outcomes.

Metabolic checkpoints in glioblastomas: targets for new therapies and non-invasive detection.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly malignant tumor of the central nervous system that remains intractable despite advancements in current tumor treatment modalities, including immunotherapy. In recent years, metabolic checkpoints (aberrant metabolic pathways underlying the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment) have gained attention as promising therapeutic targets and sensitive biomarkers across various cancers. Here, we briefly review the existing understanding of tumor metabolic checkpoints and their implications in the biology and management of GBM.

Cationic polymerization of vinyl ethers using trifluoromethyl sulfonate/solvent/ligand to access well-controlled poly(vinyl ether)s.

Cationic polymerization of vinyl ethers to access poly(vinyl ether) polymeric materials has been challenging due to stringent polymerization conditions and inevitable chain transfer. Herein we introduce a protocol using trifluoromethyl sulfonates to catalyze the polymerization of a series of vinyl ethers. These trifluoromethyl sulfonates are fully commercially available and can be stored under ambient conditions.

Rhizophagus irregularis regulates RiCPSI and RiCARI expression to influence plant drought tolerance.

Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) can transfer inorganic nitrogen (N) from the soil to host plants to cope with drought stress, with arginine synthesis and NH4+ transport being pivotal processes. However, the regulatory mechanism underlying these processes remains unclear. Here, we found that drought stress upregulated expression of genes involved in the N transfer pathway and putrescine and glutathione synthesis in the mycorrhizal structures of Rhizophagus irregularis within alfalfa (Medicago sativa) roots, i.

Integrative Analysis Identifies NSUN2 as an Essential Coordinator for Glioma Malignancy and Glucose Metabolism.

Background: Glioma, particularly glioblastoma, is the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor, with poor prognosis due to its metabolic heterogeneity. NSUN2, an m5C RNA methyltransferase and direct glucose sensor, has been implicated in various malignancies, but its role in glioma remains unclear.

Methods: Bioinformatic analysis was performed on multiple public databases and our glioma dataset from West China Hospital (WCH).

A sensitive red/far-red photoswitch for controllable gene therapy in mouse models of metabolic diseases.

Red light optogenetic systems are in high demand for the precise control of gene expression for gene- and cell-based therapies. Here, we report a red/far-red light-inducible photoswitch (REDLIP) system based on the chimeric photosensory protein FnBphP (Fn-REDLIP) or PnBphP (Pn-REDLIP) and their interaction partner LDB3, which enables efficient dynamic regulation of gene expression with a timescale of seconds without exogenous administration of a chromophore in mammals. We use the REDLIP system to establish the REDLIP-mediated CRISPR-dCas9 (REDLIP) system, enabling optogenetic activation of endogenous target genes in mammalian cells and mice.

A flexible and energy independent fluorescence radiation fiber film dosimeter fabricated by electrostatic spinning.

Doping fluorescent substances in polymer matrices has shown promising applications in radiation dose sensing. In this work, quinoline dye based polyvinyl chloride fibrous films with fiber diameters of 123 nm, 540 nm and 864 nm were obtained by electrostatic spinning. The introduction of the fiber film structure makes the fluorescent film dosimeter flexible and lightweight compared to normal solid fluorescent films and further extends the linear range of X-ray detection to 0-350 Gy.

A high-resolution 3D radiochromic hydrogel photonic crystal dosimeter for clinical radiotherapy.

The precise, rapid and direct visualization of 3D topographical dose in the target tissue that is crucial for effective radiation therapy remains a challenge. Herein, by combining hydrogel photonic crystals with film stacking or 3D printing, a 3D radiochromic dosimeter with a dose sensitivity of up to 10 nm Gy, a spatial resolution <50 μm, and the ability to detect complex 3D topographical dose distribution was proposed for clinical radiation dose verification. The sensitivity and response range of the dosimeter by radiation-induced polymer cross-linking and consequent Bragg wavelength shift can be tuned the solid content and extent of acrylate modification.

Metal-dielectric dispersive mirrors for ultraviolet lasers.

We report a broadband metal-dielectric dispersive mirror (MDDM) based on Al/SiO/HfO thin films operating in the near-ultraviolet (UV) region. Demonstrating the combined benefits of both the wide reflective bandwidth of aluminum in the UV region and the flexible dispersion control capability of HfO/SiO multilayer films, the MDDM has a wide bandwidth, low total thickness, and precise dispersion compensation ability. We propose an initial design based on a shortwave reflection enhancement structure (SWRES) to prevent shortwave light from obtaining a second time-dispersion compensation in the deep metal layer.

Plant Origin Source, Content Profile and Bioactivity of Podophyllotoxin as an Important Natural Anticancer Agent.

Pharmacological studies have shown that podophyllotoxin (PTOX) has anti-tumor, antiviral, and anti-inflammatory effects. More and more derivatives of PTOX, such as VM-26, NK-611 and GL-331, have gradually been synthesized and are widely used in clinical practice. Sinopodophyllum hexandrum rhizome is rich in PTOX, which is much higher than other PTOX source plants.

HERB 2.0: an updated database integrating clinical and experimental evidence for traditional Chinese medicine.

Clinical trials and meta-analyses are considered high-level medical evidence with solid credibility. However, such clinical evidence for traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is scattered, requiring a unified entrance to navigate all available evaluations on TCM therapies under modern standards. Besides, novel experimental evidence has continuously accumulated for TCM since the publication of HERB 1.

Regional fire-greening positive feedback loops in Alaskan Arctic tundra.

Arctic tundra has experienced rapid warming, outpacing global averages, leading to significant greening whose primary drivers include widespread shrubification. Here we confirm that a fire-greening positive feedback loop is evident across the Alaskan tundra, and evidence suggests that this feedback loop is dominated by the fire-shrub interactions. We show that tundra wildfires, especially those with higher severity, play a critical role in boosting the overall greening of the tundra, often by enhancing upright deciduous shrub growth or establishment but sometimes by inducing increases in other vascular biomass.

The myth of TMS-induced ipsilateral enhancement in visual detection paradigms: a Systematic review and Meta-Analysis of inhibitory parietal TMS studies in healthy participants.

Spatial attention control involves specialized functions in both hemispheres of the brain, leading to hemispheric asymmetries. Neuropsychological models explain this lateralization mainly based on patient studies of hemineglect. Studies in healthy volunteers can mimic hemineglect using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) by disrupting the left/right posterior parietal cortex (PPC) during visual detection tasks, enabling a comparison of hemispheric contributions to stimulus detection in the contra- versus ipsilateral hemifields.

Rethinking max-min planning on energy-efficient software-defined networking for 5G networks.

Energy efficiency plays an important role in intelligent networking for 5G networks, which concerns environmental, financial, and performance aspects of intelligent networking for 5G networks. To this end, network designers propose energy-efficient approaches to reduce energy consumption of networks and to raise network performance by switching off the links/nodes with low loads or at idle status. The existing energy-efficient approaches can be formulated as a max-min optimal problem, namely maximizing network/node/port throughput via minimum energy consumption.

A novel approach to estimate land surface temperature from landsat top-of-atmosphere reflective and emissive data using transfer-learning neural network.

Land Surface Temperature (LST) is a crucial parameter in studies of urban heat islands, climate change, evapotranspiration, hydrological cycles, and vegetation monitoring. However, conventional satellite-based approaches for LST retrieval often require additional data like land surface emissivity (LSE). Meanwhile, traditional machine learning (ML) techniques face challenges in acquiring representative training data and leveraging data from varied sources effectively.

The role of loss aversion in social conformity: psychological and neural representations.

The impact of others' choices on decision-making is influenced by individual preferences. However, the specific roles of individual preferences in social decision-making remain unclear. In this study, we examine the contributions of risk and loss preferences as well as social influence in decision-making under uncertainty using a gambling task.