The effect of auditory rhythm on the temporal allocation of visual attention in aging.

Introduction: Isochronous rhythm has been shown to induce temporal expectation, allocated attention to specific points in time to optimize behavioral performance, both within a single modality and across different modalities, in younger adults. However, it remains unclear how an isochronous rhythm in one modality influences the temporal allocation of attention in another modality among older adults. Moreover, whether the cross-modal temporal expectation effect in aging is influenced by tempo has not yet been explored.

The involvement of specialists in primary healthcare teams for managing diabetes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Diabetes mellitus requires ongoing management and care coordination. The majority of patients with diabetes were managed in primary healthcare settings. Several quality improvement programs have introduced specialist involvement in primary healthcare teams.

Photon-counting CT Spectral Localizer Radiographs for Lumbar Areal Bone Mineral Density Quantification: A Clinical Study on Accuracy, Reliability, and Diagnostic Performance for Osteoporosis.

Rationale And Objectives: To explore the accuracy, reliability, and diagnostic performance of photon-counting CT (PCCT) spectral localizer radiographs (SLRs) for quantifying lumbar areal bone mineral density (BMD) and detecting osteoporosis (T-score ≤-2.5).

Materials And Methods: This prospective study recruited consecutive participants from April to July 2024.

Robustness of radiomics within photon-counting detector CT: impact of acquisition and reconstruction factors.

Objectives: To assess the impact of acquisition and reconstruction factors on the robustness of radiomics within photon-counting detector CT (PCD-CT).

Methods: A phantom with twenty-eight texture materials was scanned with different acquisition and reconstruction factors including reposition, scan mode (standard vs high-pitch), tube voltage (120 kVp vs 140 kVp), slice thickness (1.0 mm vs 0.

Advancements in Superhydrophobic Paper-Based Materials: A Comprehensive Review of Modification Methods and Applications.

Superhydrophobic paper-based functional materials have emerged as a sustainable solution with a wide range of applications due to their unique water-repelling properties. Inspired by natural examples like the lotus leaf, these materials combine low surface energy with micro/nanostructures to create air pockets that maintain a high contact angle. This review provides an in-depth analysis of recent advancements in the development of superhydrophobic paper-based materials, focusing on methodologies for modification, underlying mechanisms, and performance in various applications.

Design Principles for Efficient Hydrothermal Relithiation of Spent Lithium Iron Phosphate.

Direct regeneration, which involves replenishing lithium in spent cathode materials, is emerging as a promising recycling technique for spent lithium iron phosphate (s-LFP) cathodes. Unlike solid-state regeneration, the aqueous relithiation method consumes less energy, ensures even lithium replenishment, and significantly recovers the capacity of s-LFP. However, liquid-phase lithium replenishment formulations are generally less standardized.

Deep learning model for low-dose CT late iodine enhancement imaging and extracellular volume quantification.

Objectives: To develop and validate deep learning (DL)-models that denoise late iodine enhancement (LIE) images and enable accurate extracellular volume (ECV) quantification.

Methods: This study retrospectively included patients with chest discomfort who underwent CT myocardial perfusion + CT angiography + LIE from two hospitals. Two DL models, residual dense network (RDN) and conditional generative adversarial network (cGAN), were developed and validated.

The Impact of MAFLD on Coronary Plaque Characteristics and Physiologic Status: A Coronary CT Angiography Study.

Rationale And Objectives: Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is linked to an increased risk of cardiovascular events. Our study sought to determine the impact of MAFLD on both the anatomy and function of coronary plaques.

Materials And Methods: A total of 203 participants (including 728 plaques) with suspected coronary artery disease (CAD) who underwent coronary CT angiography (CCTA) and abdominal ultrasound were prospectively enrolled.

Investigating the peri-saphenous vein graft fat attenuation index on computed tomography angiography: relationship with progression of venous coronary artery bypass graft disease and temporal trends.

Background: To clarify the fat attenuation index (FAI) change trend of peri-saphenous vein graft (SVG) and determine the association between FAI and graft disease progression based on CCTA images.

Methods: Patients with venous coronary artery bypass grafts (CABGs) were consecutively enrolled in this retrospective study. In study 1, 72 patients who had undergone 1, 3, and 5 years of CCTA examinations without graft occlusion were recruited, and generalized estimation equation was used to analyze the peri-SVG FAI change trend over time.

Ultra-High-Resolution Photon-Counting Detector CT Benefits Visualization of Abdominal Arteries: A Comparison to Standard-Reconstruction.

This study aimed to investigate the potential benefit of ultra-high-resolution (UHR) photon-counting detector CT (PCD-CT) angiography in visualization of abdominal arteries in comparison to standard-reconstruction (SR) images of virtual monoenergetic images (VMI) at low kiloelectron volt (keV). We prospectively included 47 and 47 participants to undergo contrast-enhanced abdominal CT scans within UHR mode on a PCD-CT system using full-dose (FD) and low-dose (LD) protocols, respectively. The data were reconstructed into six series of images: FD_UHR_Br48, FD_UHR_Bv56, FD_UHR_Bv60, FD_SR_Bv40, LD_UHR_Bv48, and LD_SR_Bv40.

Risk stratification of thymic epithelial tumors based on peritumor CT radiomics and semantic features.

Objectives: To develop and validate nomograms combining radiomics and semantic features to identify the invasiveness and histopathological risk stratification of thymic epithelial tumors (TET) using contrast-enhanced CT.

Methods: This retrospective multi-center study included 224 consecutive cases. For each case, 6764 intratumor and peritumor radiomics features and 31 semantic features were collected.

Performance of iodine quantification through high-pitch dual-source photon-counting CT: a phantom study.

Purpose: To investigate the feasibility and accuracy of iodine quantification using PCD-CT in standard-pitch and high-pitch scanning at different scan parameters in a phantom model.

Materials And Methods: Four inserts with known iodine concentrations (2, 5, 10, and 15 mg/mL) were placed in the removable CT phantom and scanned using high-pitch (3.2) and standard-pitch (0.

Ultrahigh-Resolution Photon-Counting Detector CTA of the Head and Neck: Image Quality Assessment and Vascular Kernel Optimization.

Head and neck CTA requires fine-detail evaluation, including characterization of potentially very small vessels and intrastent lumina. Blooming artifacts also hinder evaluation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate image quality of ultrahigh-resolution (UHR) photon-counting detector (PCD) CTA of the head and neck and to explore variation of image quality across body vascular (Bv) reconstruction kernels.

Photon-counting Detector CT for Liver Fat Quantification: Validation across Protocols in Metabolic Dysfunction-associated Steatotic Liver Disease.

Background Traditional energy-integrating detector CT has limited utility in accurately quantifying liver fat due to protocol-induced CT value shifts, but this limitation can be addressed by using photon-counting detector (PCD) CT, which allows for a standardized CT value. Purpose To develop and validate a universal CT to MRI fat conversion formula to enhance fat quantification accuracy across various PCD CT protocols relative to MRI proton density fat fraction (PDFF). Materials and Methods In this prospective study, the feasibility of fat quantification was evaluated in phantoms with various nominal fat fractions.

Probiotic nucleotides increase IL-10 expression in airway macrophages to mitigate airway allergy.

Background: Dysfunctional immune regulation plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of airway allergies. Macrophages are one of the components of the immune regulation cells. The aim of this study is to elucidate the role of lysine demethylase 5 A (KDM5A) in maintaining macrophages' immune regulatory ability.

Low-dose Ultra-high-resolution Photon-Counting Detector CT for Visceral Artery CT Angiography: A Preliminary Study.

Rationale And Objectives: To validate the image quality of low-dose ultra-high-resolution (UHR) scanning mode of photon-counting detector CT (PCD-CT) for visceral artery computed tomography angiography (CTA).

Material And Methods: We prospectively enrolled 57 patients each in the full dose (FD) and low-dose (LD) protocols, respectively, to undergo abdominal CT scans using the UHR mode on a PCD-CT system (NAEOTOM Alpha), between April 2023 and September 2023. Both the FD data and LD data were then reconstructed into two series of images: (a) 0.

High-Detectivity All-Polymer Photodiode Empowers Smart Vitality Surveillance and Computational Imaging Rivaling Silicon Diodes.

Near-infrared (NIR) organic photodetectors (OPDs), particularly all-polymer-based ones, hold substantial commercial promise in the healthcare and imaging sectors. However, the process of optimizing their active layer composition to achieve highly competitive figures of merit lacks a clear direction and methodology. In this work, celebrity polymer acceptor PY-IT into a more NIR absorbing host system PBDB-T:PZF-V, to significantly enhance the photodetection competence, is introduced.

Silver coated PS microsphere array SERS microfluidic chip for pesticide detection.

Carbendazim and acetamidine are pesticides that widely used to control pests and diseases in oilseed rape. In this paper, a rapid, accurate and reliable method was proposed for the detection of carbendazim and acetamidine with SERS microfluidic chip technology. Ag-ps(Polystyrene microspheres) microsphere SERS substrate was prepared by spin coating and magnetron sputtering deposition of Ag.

Prediction of tumor regression grade in far-advanced gastric cancer after preoperative immuno-chemotherapy using dual-energy CT-derived extracellular volume fraction.

Objectives: This study examines the effectiveness of dual-energy CT (DECT) delayed-phase extracellular volume (ECV) fraction in predicting tumor regression grade (TRG) in far-advanced gastric cancer (FAGC) patients receiving preoperative immuno-chemotherapy.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on far-advanced gastric adenocarcinoma patients treated with preoperative immuno-chemotherapy at our institution from August 2019 to March 2023. Patients were categorized based on their TRG into pathological complete response (pCR) and non-pCR groups.

Performance of calcium quantifications on low-dose photon-counting detector CT with high-pitch: A phantom study.

Purpose: To evaluate the performance of calcium quantification on photon-counting detector CT (PCD-CT) with high-pitch at low radiation doses compared to third-generation dual-source energy-integrating detector CT (EID-CT).

Materials And Methods: The phantom with three calcium inserts (50, 100, and 300 mg of calcium per milliliter), with and without the elliptical outer layer, was evaluated using high-pitch (3.2) and standard pitch (0.

Resting-state functional connectivity of goal-directed and habitual-learning systems: The efficacy of cognitive-behavioral therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Background: There is an imbalance between goal-directed and habitual-learning system in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). At present, the relationship between cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) as a first-line therapy and goal-directed and habitual-learning disorder is still unclear. We attempted to discuss the effect of CBT treatment in patients with OCD, using abnormalities in goal-directed and habitual-learning-related brain regions at baseline as predictive factors.

Stability and accuracy of fat quantification on photon-counting detector CT with various scan settings: A phantom study.

Objective: Fat deposition is an important marker of many metabolic diseases. As a noninvasive and convenient examination method, CT has been widely used for fat quantification. With the clinical application of photon-counting detector (PCD)-CT, we aimed to investigate the accuracy, stability, and dose level of PCD-CT using various scan settings for fat quantification.