Targeted shortwave diathermy combined with perceptual training for patients with severe traumatic optic neuropathy.

Background: Patients with severe traumatic optic neuropathy (TON) often show limited improvement in visual function despite therapy.

Objective: This study aims to investigate whether targeted shortwave diathermy (SWD) combined with perceptual training enhances visual function in patients with severe TON following endoscopic optic nerve decompression (EOND) surgery.

Methods: Forty patients with severe TON after EOND surgery were randomly assigned to either the rehabilitation (Reh) group ( = 24) or the non-rehabilitation (Nreh) group ( = 16).

Development and Validation of an Explainable Prediction Model for Postoperative Recurrence in Pediatric Chronic Rhinosinusitis.

Objective: This study aims to develop an interpretable machine learning (ML) predictive model to assess its efficacy in predicting postoperative recurrence in pediatric chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS).

Study Design: A decision analysis was performed with retrospective clinical data.

Setting: Recurrent group and nonrecurrent group.

Hyperglycemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus associate with postoperative recurrence in chronic rhinosinusitis patients.

Objective: To investigate the associations between fasting blood glucose (FBG) and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the risk of postoperative CRS recurrence.

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on clinical data of CRS patients who underwent surgery at our center between February 2019 and March 2022 and were followed up until June 2023. All CRS patients were categorized into two subgroups based on the presence of T2DM and postoperative recurrence.

Classifications of Postradiation Nasopharyngeal Necrosis for Guiding Transnasal Endoscopic Nasopharyngeal Skull Base Surgery.

Objective: Postradiation nasopharyngeal necrosis (PRNN) is a severe postradiation complication of nasopharyngeal carcinoma. PRNN not only severely impacts the quality of life but also endangers the lives of patients. Definite grades of PRNN and their corresponding standard surgical procedures are lacking.

Direct activation of toll-like receptor 4 signaling in group 2 innate lymphoid cells contributes to inflammatory responses of allergic diseases.

Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2s) are key players in type 2 immunity, but whether they can be directly activated by microbial ligands remain uncertain. In this study, we observed a positive correlation between blood endotoxin (LPS) levels and circulating ILC2s in allergic patients. , LPS robustly induced ILC2 proliferation and production of type 2 effector cytokines.

NOX2 mediates NLRP3/ROS facilitating nasal mucosal epithelial inflammation in chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps.

Background: Previous investigations have provided limited insight into the role of oxidative stress in nasal mucosa inflammation. The aim of this study was to investigate the mechanism of oxidative stress in the epithelial cells of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps CRSwNP utilizing single-cell RNA sequencing data.

Methods: Single-cell RNA sequencing data from HRA000772 were used to assess oxidative stress, inflammasome activation, and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidases (NOXs) expression in epithelial cells via integrative rank-based gene set enrichment analysis.

[Expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of respiratory diseases exacerbated by nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs （2024, Chengdu）].

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs-exacerbated respiratory disease （N-ERD） is a chronic respiratory disease characterized by eosinophilic inflammation, featuring chronic rhinosinusitis （CRS）, asthma, and intolerance to cyclooxygenase 1 （COX-1） inhibitors. The use of these medications can lead to an acute worsening of rhinitis and asthma symptoms. This condition has not yet received sufficient attention in China, with a high rate of misdiagnosis and a lack of related research.

Hyperuricemia Increases the Risk of Postoperative Recurrence in Chinese Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis.

Background: Elevated serum uric acid is crucial in the pathophysiology of chronic inflammatory diseases. However, its impact on chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) recurrence risk is unknown. This study investigates the association between elevated serum uric acid and the risk of CRS recurrence.

Long-Term Efficacy and Safety of Subcutaneous Immunotherapy in Monosensitized and Polysensitized Children With Allergic Rhinitis.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of dust mite subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) in monosensitized and polysensitized children with allergic rhinitis (AR).

Study Design: Prospective cohort study.

Setting: Tertiary referral center.

Does skin prick test response intensity predict symptom severity and efficacy of subcutaneous immunotherapy in allergic rhinitis?

Objectives: To investigate the effect of response intensity of allergen skin prick test (SPT) on symptom severity and long-term efficacy of dust mite subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) in allergic rhinitis (AR).

Methods: AR Patients diagnosed with dust mite allergy and completed 3 years of SCIT were collected and classified into three groups: grade 2 (SPT of + +), grade 3 (SPT of +  + +) and grade 4 (SPT of +  +  + +). Comparisons between groups were performed to examine the associations of SPT categories and symptom severity and the long-term efficacy of SCIT in AR.

Allergic Rhinitis as an Independent Risk Factor for Postoperative Recurrence of Children Chronic Sinusitis.

(1) Background: The recurrence rate of childhood recurrent sinusitis varies widely between 12% and 50%, with the postoperative recurrence risk factors remaining largely unidentified. We sought to enhance the understanding of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) via a retrospective observational childhood cohort. (2) Methods: The study recruited 125 cases.

Evaluation of Intralymphatic Immunotherapy in Allergic Rhinitis Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background: Intralymphatic immunotherapy (ILIT) is short-course administration of allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT). This study is aimed at assessing the clinical efficacy and safety of ILIT in patients with allergic rhinitis (AR).

Methods: MEDLINE, PUBMED, and Cochrane Library were used to conduct electronic searches for clinical trials comparing ILIT and placebo in patients with AR.

Chinese Expert Consensus on the Use of Biologics in Patients with Chronic Rhinosinusitis (2022, Zhuhai).

Background: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common inflammatory disease in otolaryngology, mainly manifested as nasal congestion, nasal discharge, facial pain/pressure, and smell disorder. CRS with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), an important phenotype of CRS, has a high recurrence rate even after receiving corticosteroids and/or functional endoscopic sinus surgery. In recent years, clinicians have focused on the application of biological agents in CRSwNP.

Improvements and challenges of tissue preparation for spatial transcriptome analysis of skull base tumors.

Background: Spatial transcriptome (ST) provides molecular profiles of tumor cells at the spatial level, which brings new progress to the research of tumors and the tumor microenvironment. This study summarizes the experiences and lessons learned in the spatial section preparation of two different pathological types of nose and skull base tumors at our institution, with the aim of offering guidelines to researchers to avoid wasting precious samples and provide a basis for the application of ST in clinical practice.

Methods: Frozen tissue blocks from patients with squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of the nose and skull base diagnosed at our institution were prepared.

Significance of leukocyte-specific transcript 1 levels in nasal mucosal tissue to predict recurrence of nasal polyps.

Objective: Chronic Rhinosinusitis with Polyps (CRSwNP) is characterized by high heterogeneity and postoperative recurrence rate. This study aims to explore the clinical significance of tissue Leukocyte-Specific Transcript 1 (LST1) in predicting CRSwNP recurrence.

Methods: We enrolled 62 CRSwNP patients including 30 primary CRSwNP and 32 recurrent CRSwNP patients, and 40 Healthy Controls (HC).

Relationship of hearing impairment, social participation and depressive symptoms to the incidence of frailty in a community cohort.

Background: The mediating effect of social participation and depressive symptoms on the relationship between hearing impairment and frailty remains unclear.

Methods: A total of 3981 participants from three waves of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS) were included. The outcome was incidental frailty.

The Role of Noncoding RNA in Airway Allergic Diseases through Regulation of T Cell Subsets.

Allergic rhinitis and asthma are common airway allergic diseases, the incidence of which has increased annually in recent years. The human body is frequently exposed to allergens and environmental irritants that trigger immune and inflammatory responses, resulting in altered gene expression. Mounting evidence suggested that epigenetic alterations were strongly associated with the progression and severity of allergic diseases.

Exosomes Derived hsa-miR-4669 as a Novel Biomarker for Early Predicting the Response of Subcutaneous Immunotherapy in Pediatric Allergic Rhinitis.

Purpose: Subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) is an effective treatment for pediatric allergic rhinitis (AR), but its efficacy fluctuates among individuals. This study aims to identify the profile of serum exosomes derived microRNAs (miRNAs) and evaluate their capacities to early predict SCIT efficacy in pediatric AR.

Patients And Methods: High-throughput sequencing was applied to identify the miRNA of serum exosomes in AR children.

Predictive Value of Nasal Nitric Oxide and Serum NOS2 Levels in the Efficacy of Subcutaneous Immunotherapy in Pediatric Patients with Allergic Rhinitis.

Background: Subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) is an effective therapy for allergic rhinitis (AR), but some AR patients still do not benefit from it. Nasal nitric oxide (nNO) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS/NOS2) act important roles in AR. This study aims to explore the abilities of serum NOS2 and nNO in predicting the clinical efficacy of SCIT in AR patients.