In situ doping Pt single atoms into 3D flower-like 1T-MoS via Pt-S bond for efficient hydrogen evolution reaction.

Combining single atoms via phase transition engineering (from 2H to 1T) remains a challenge in MoS-based catalysts. Herein, we report that Pt single atoms (Pt) were doped into a 3D flower-like 1T-MoS catalyst (Pt@MoS) using a Pt-S bonding strategy. Doping with Pt induced a phase transition in MoS from the 2H phase to the 1T phase.

Anchoring Pt single atoms on 3D flower-like NiMoP via PtNi bonding with enhanced hydrogen evolution reaction.

Introducing Pt single atoms (Pt) into bimetallic phosphides to enhance their performance at higher current densities remains a significant challenge under alkaline conditions. We successfully anchored Pt on 3D flower-like NiMoP through a PtNi bonding method. The 3D flower-like catalyst (Pt@NiMoP) exhibits remarkably low overpotentials, requiring only 35 mV to achieve 10 mA cm and 66 mV at 100 mA cm.

Open Hollow Nut-like Co-Pt Decorated with CoPt@C for Enhanced Hydrogen Evolution Reaction.

Constructing an efficient open hollow nut-like Co-MOF/Pt-based electrocatalyst via a partial etching strategy remains challenging. In this study, a novel concurrent thermal polymerization-etching strategy is introduced to prepare a unique open hollow nut-like Co-Pt decorated with a CoPt@C layer electrocatalyst (denoted as Co-Pt/CoPt@C), exhibiting outstanding hydrogen evolution reaction performance. In Co-Pt/CoPt@C, the distinctive open hollow nut-like Co-Pt structure is encapsulated within a CoPt@C layer.

Hydrophobic driving fabrication of highly dispersed PtNi in Zr-doped 3D hollow flower-like MgAlO spheres with abundant O vacancies for enhanced dry reforming of methane.

The dry reforming of methane (DRM) could convert CH and CO into syngas, offering potential for greenhouse gas mitigation. However, DRM catalyst sintering and carbon deposition remain major obstacles. In this study, a highly dispersed PtNi alloy@Zr-doped 3D hollow flower-like MgAlO (AMO) spheres was prepared through a hydrophobic driving strategy.

Rh single atoms anchored in hollow microflower MoS/sulfur-vacancy rich CdZnS with dual proton reduction sites for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen generation.

Modifying CdZnS with precious metal at the atomic scale is a promising approach for maximizing its photocatalytic performance. Herein, Rh single atoms (Rh) were successfully anchored on hollow microflower MoS/sulfur-vacancy-rich CdZnS (CZS-SVs) to boost H generation. The optimal catalyst Rh@MoS/CZS-SVs reaches a H productivity of 39,827 μmol h g, representing 5.

Engineering single-atom rhodium-CN sites on covalent organic frameworks for boosting photocatalytic hydrogen evolution.

Developing efficient and stable photocatalysts for solar hydrogen (H) energy conversion is meaningful but challenging. Herein, a novel photocatalyst with Rh single atoms (Rh SAs) anchoring in β-ketoimine-linked covalent organic frameworks (TpPa-1) via RhCN sites is proposed for achieving highly efficient H production in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) solution with sodium ascorbate (SA) as sacrificial agent under visible light. TpPa-1 with abundant N and C-chelate sites provides a reliable basis for anchoring Rh single atoms.

I Single-Atom Doped P-Rich CoP Nanocluster@CoP with Enhanced HER.

Constructing I single-atom (I) doped CoP electrocatalyst for HER is extremely challenging and has not been reported to date. Herein, an I doping-phosphatization strategy is proposed to prepare a novel I single-atom doped P-rich CoP nanocluster@CoP electrocatalyst (I-CoP/CoP) with enhanced HER performance first. I-CoP/CoP shows a low overpotential of only 44 and 81 mV in 0.

Hydroxyl and amino dual-functionalized core-shell molecular sieves featuring hydrogen bond donor groups for efficient CO cycloaddition.

In CO cycloaddition reactions, hydrogen bond donor (HBD) groups are considered environmentally friendly substitutes for metals to promote epoxide ring-opening through interactions with nucleophilic anions. A core-shell structured ILs-based catalyst (mSiO@MCM-NH-OH) with dual hydrogen bond donors (-OH and -NH) was synthesized by copolymerization strategy. Through in-depth characterization, it has been demonstrated that the catalyst (mSiO@MCM-NH-OH) possesses multiple catalytic active sites including -OH, -NH, Br groups, and the synergistic effect of double HBD groups (-OH and -NH) and Lewis base (Br) significantly improved the catalytic activity.

Nitriding-reduction fabrication of coralloid CoN/Ni/NiO for efficient electrocatalytic overall water splitting.

The introduction of nitride in Ni/NiO-based catalytic system for electrocatalystic water splitting via a skillful strategy remains a great challenge. Herein, we proposed a one-step urea nitriding-reduction strategy for the fabrication of novel CoN/Ni/NiO electrocatalyst on carbon cloth (CC). The combination of CoN and Ni/NiO could construct CoN/Ni interface and expose more active sites, thus exhibiting excellent hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) performance in alkaline media.

MnFe phosphides doped in hollow Prussian blue analogues with Ru modification as an efficient cathode for Li-O batteries.

A highly efficient catalyst for Li-O batteries based on Ru and MnFe phosphides nanoparticles entrapped in a MnFe Prussian blue analogue (PBA) substrate (Ru-MnFeP/PBA) was explored. Synergy between homogeneous Ru and MnFe phosphides nanoparticles improved the catalytic activity and alleviated side reactions. The Li-O battery based on Ru-MnFeP/PBA exhibited excellent performance.

Effects of Qishen Dihuang Granules on Intestinal Microbiota in Experimental Autoimmune Myasthenia Gravis Model Rats.

Objective: Effects of Qishen Dihuang (QSDH) granules on intestinal flora of an experimental autoimmune myasthenia gravis (EAMG) model rat were investigated (CNBI:PRJNA910532).

Methods: Thirty-six female Lewis rats were assigned to Control, EAMG, QSDH-low-dose, QSDH-medium-dose, QSDH-high-dose, and Prednisone groups using the random number table method (6 rats/group). A rat EAMG model was established by injecting Rα97-116 peptide antigen.

Ternary alloy (FeCoNi) nanoparticles supported on hollow porous carbon with defects for enhanced oxygen evolution reaction.

Low-cost non-noble metal nanoparticles are promising electrocatalysts that can catalyze oxygen evolution reaction (OER). Various factors such as poor activity and stability hinder the practical applications of these materials. The electroactivity and durability of the electrocatalysts can be improved by optimizing the morphology and composition of the materials.

Defect-Enriched Hollow Porous Carbon Nanocages Enable Highly Efficient Chlorine Evolution Reaction.

Metal-free carbon-based catalysts are crucial for the electrocatalytic chlorine evolution reaction (CER) to reduce the usage of noble metals and industrial cost. However, the corresponding catalytic activity of high overpotential and low durability hinders their wide application. Here, a hollow porous carbon (HPC) nanocage with a controlled oxygen electronic state around designed carbon defects for CER activity is reported.

Short-term outcome prediction for myasthenia gravis: an explainable machine learning model.

Background: Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease characterized by muscle weakness and fatigability. The fluctuating nature of the disease course impedes the clinical management.

Objective: The purpose of the study was to establish and validate a machine learning (ML)-based model for predicting the short-term clinical outcome in MG patients with different antibody types.

Dispersion Management Nonlinear Multimode Interference Mode-Locked Ytterbium Fiber Laser.

Dispersion management plays an important role in improving the output performance of a mode-locked fiber laser. Therefore, dispersion management is carried out by introducing the grating pair in our experiment. Through adjusting the distance between the grating pair, mode-locked pulses corresponding to different dispersion regimes can be realized, which typically range from soliton state in the anomalous dispersion regime to the dissipative soliton format in the normal dispersion regime.

Invigorating spleen, replenishing qi and tonifying kidney method treatment of traditional Chinese medicine for myasthenia gravis: A protocol for systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Myasthenia gravis (MG) is an autoimmune disease related to the production of autoantibodies. It is mediated by antibodies against acetylcholine receptor (AChR), muscle specific kinase (MuSK) or other AChR related proteins in the postsynaptic muscle membrane, which interfere with the transmission of signals at the neuromuscular junction, resulting in clinical symptoms of skeletal muscle weakness and fatigue, leading to the occurrence and development of MG. At present, the incidence rate of Mg is increasing year by year.

Comparative the efficacy and acceptability of immunosuppressive agents for myasthenia gravis: A protocol for systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Background: Immunosuppressive drugs are routinely used to treat myasthenia gravis (MG). However, current recommendations provide limited evidence to support treatment options, leading to considerable variation in practice among healthcare specialists. Hence, we present a protocol for a systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) to update the evidence by comparing the efficacy and acceptability of oral immunosuppressive drugs for the treatment of MG.

Full-Color and Switchable Circularly Polarized Light from a Macroscopic Chiral Dendritic Film through a Solid-State Supramolecular Assembly.

Chiral materials displaying chirality across multiple length scales have attracted increasing interest due to their potential applications in diverse fields. Herein, we report an efficient approach for the construction of macroscopic crystal dendrites with hierarchical chirality based on an solid assembly in a block copolymer film. Chiral fluorescent crystals are formed by enantiopure d-/l-dibenzoyl tartaric acid and pyrenecarboxylic acid in a poly(1,4-butadiene)--poly(ethylene oxide) film.

The route to a 200 MHz, all-PM femtosecond Yb-doped fiber laser with a high output coupling ratio.

Based on the time-independent rate equations and nonlinear Schrödinger equation, we simulate a 200 MHz all-polarization-maintaining (PM) mode-locked Yb-doped fiber laser. The cavity round trip evolution toward stable mode locking is present. Additionally, the gain coefficients along the gain fiber as well as the pulses, chirp, and spectra at different locations in the cavity are examined.

Exploring the Potential Mechanism of Qi-Shen-Di-Huang Drug Formulary for Myasthenia Gravis (MG) based on UHPLC-QE-MS Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Techniques.

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a rare and refractory autoimmune disease, and Qi Shen Di Huang (QSDH) drug formulary is an in-hospital herbal decoction with proven clinical efficacy in treating MG. Currently, most of the research on the QSDH drug formulary has concentrated on its clinical efficacy, and there is a lack of systematic study on the material basis. The active compounds and their mechanism of action have not been entirely determined.

The prevention of stroke by statins: A meta-analysis.

Purpose: The objectives of this study were to determine the preventive effects of statins on stroke.

Methods: The published randomized controlled trials of statins for stroke prevention were searched from PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and China Journal databases. We performed the meta-analysis via calculating the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) to study the mortality rate, incidence, and recurrence rate of patients with stroke in the prevention group and the control group.

Plasma exchange versus intravenous immunoglobulin in AChR subtype myasthenic crisis: A prospective cohort study.

Myasthenic crisis (MC) is a life-threatening state with respiratory failure in patients with myasthenia gravis (MG). The fast-acting immunomodulatory therapies for treating MC included plasma exchange (PE) and intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). However, the efficacy and the impact on antibody changes remained unknown.

Electrocatalytic HER Enhancement of C N in NiCo O.

Generally, C N was widely used in the field of photocatalytic hydrogen production, but only few studies focused on electrocatalytic hydrogen production field in Ni/Co based systems. Herein, to investigate the enhanced HER property of C N , NiCo O @C N were fabricated successfully via a simple mixture method. With the introduction of C N , NiCo O @C N showed better HER property with small overpotential (89 mV, η  mA cm ), low Tafel slope (146 mV dec ) and superior long-term stability, thereby indicating the excellent synergistic effect between NiCo O and C N .