Review on descaling and anti-scaling technology of heat exchanger in high-salt wastewater thermal desalination.

Thermal desalination evaporation of high-salt wastewater has been widely used in industry because of the proposed concept of 'zero liquid discharge'. However, due to the high content of Ca and Mg in high-salt wastewater, the heat exchanger, as the main treatment equipment, suffers from serious scaling problems. This review presents descaling and scale inhibition technologies of high-salt wastewater.

Enhanced methane production from waste activated sludge by potassium ferrate combined with ultrasound pretreatment.

This study explored the effect of potassium ferrate (PF) combined with ultrasound (US) pretreatment on methane generation from sludge by a series of experiments and simulations. Batch experiments showed that the pretreatment of PF coupled with US exhibited positively synergy on the methane yield. And by the pretreatment of 0.

Potassium ferrate coupled with freezing method enhances methane production from sludge anaerobic digestion.

This study proposed a novel sludge pretreatment technology by combining freezing with potassium ferrate (PF) for synergistically enhancing the methane yield from sludge anaerobic digestion. Experimental results showed that the methane production was promoted from 170.1 ± 5.

Freezing pretreatment assists potassium ferrate to promote hydrogen production from anaerobic fermentation of waste activated sludge.

Anaerobic fermentation is an eco-friendly technology for waste activated sludge (WAS) treatment, during which resource recycle can be achieved. However, traditional sludge anaerobic fermentation is limited by the poor efficiency. We herein reported a novel high-efficiency technology by combining freezing with potassium ferrate (PF) for sludge pretreatment to promote hydrogen production from anaerobic fermentation.