Protective Effects of Hyperbaric Oxygen Therapy on Brain Injury by Regulating the Phosphorylation of Drp1 Through ROS/PKC Pathway in Heatstroke Rats.

This study aimed to elucidate the neurotherapeutic effect of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on brain injury and the potential role of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) and its regulatory pathway in heatstroke (HS) rats. In in vivo experiments, rats were exposed to HBO after the onset of HS, or the same pressure but normal air as a control. The results indicated that HBO decreased the mortality and thermoregulatory dysfunction and prolonged the survival time of HS rats.

Cloning and molecular characterization of PRL and PRLR from turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) and their expressions in response to short-term and long-term low salt stress.

The pituitary hormone prolactin (PRL) regulates salt and water homeostasis by altering ion retention and water uptake through peripheral osmoregulatory organs. To understand the role of PRL and its receptor (PRLR) in hypoosmoregulation of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus), we characterized the PRL and PRLR gene and analyzed the tissue distribution of the two genes and their gene transcriptional patterns in the main expressed tissues under long-term and short-term low salt stress. The PRL cDNA is 1486 bp in length, incorporating an ORF of 636 bp with a putative primary structure of 211 residues.

Synthesis and Self-Cleaning Property of TiO₂ Thin Film Doping with Fe, Al, Ce Ions.

Enhancing the response to visible light and inhibiting recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes is a key point for strongly improved self-cleaning performances of TiO₂ self-cleaning films. In this work, TiO₂ thin film doping with three different ions (Fe, Al, Ce) on glass substrate respectively by sol-gel method to explore the effect of ions on self-cleaning performance of TiO₂ thin films. All the prepared samples are characterized by XRD, SEM, UV-Vis and water contact angle tester.

Co/Cu-modified NiO film grown on nickel foam as a highly active and stable electrocatalyst for overall water splitting.

The development and utilization of low-cost and efficient electrocatalysts for overall water splitting is of great significance for future energy supplies. Herein, a Co-doped NiCu mixed oxide film on Ni foam as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) and oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is synthesized by a facile solvothermal method using methanol as a reactant followed by annealing in air and it exhibits remarkably enhanced HER and OER activities. The well-constructed surface and porous skeleton structure with a large volume provide a large number of catalytically active sites during the electrochemical reaction.

T-C: a low-density transparent superhard carbon allotrope assembled from C cage-like cluster.

Owing to the various ways of chemical bonding, carbon can form abundant allotropes with different frameworks, which harbor rich mechanical and electronic properties. Taking the cage-like isomer of C cluster as a building block, we design a new low-density carbon allotrope, which has tetragonal symmetry (I4/mmm) and a 56-atom unit cell, hence termed as T-C. Our first-principles calculations reveal that T-C is not only energetically, dynamically, thermally (above 1800 K) and mechanically stable, but even more stable than the experimentally synthesized C20-sc and T-carbon.

Osmoregulation by the myo-inositol biosynthesis pathway in turbot Scophthalmus maximus and its regulation by anabolite and c-Myc.

The induction of the myo-inositol biosynthesis (MIB) pathway in euryhaline fishes is an important component of the cellular response to osmotic challenge. The MIPS and IMPA1 genes were sequenced in turbot and found to be highly conserved in phylogenetic evolution, especially within the fish species tested. Under salinity stress in turbot, both MIPS and IMPA1 showed adaptive expression, a turning point in the level of expression occurred at 12 h in all tissues tested.

Quantitative Proteomics Analysis Reveals Nuclear Perturbation in Human Glioma U87 Cells treated with Temozolomide.

Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most malignant and aggressive glioma, which has a very poor prognosis. Temozolomide (TMZ) is still a first-line treatment, but resistance is inevitable even in MGMT-deficient glioblastoma cells. The aims of this study were to comprehend the effect of TMZ on nucleus and the underlying mechanism of acquired TMZ resistance in MGMT-deficient GBM.

Scholl-Type Cycloheptatriene Ring Closure of 1,4,9,12-Tetraarylfenestrindanes: Reactivity and Selectivity in the Construction of Fenestrane-Based Polyaromatic Saddles.

The Scholl-type cyclodehydrogenation, generating up to four cycloheptatriene rings around a fenestrindane core, leads to novel, saddle-shaped polyaromatic hydrocarbon derivatives. In this article, we present the results of in-depth experimental and computational work on the oxidative cyclization of various 1,4,9,12-tetraarylfenestrindanes. In particular, the kinetic control of the four-step cyclization of the electronically activated tetrakis(3,4-dimethoxyphenyl) derivative is elucidated.

BiTaO film: a promising photoelectrode for photoelectrochemical water splitting.

Most of the transition metal bismuth salts have excellent visible absorption range and carrier transport properties due to their unique structure capable of orbits and s-p bonds. As one of the transition metal bismuth salts, BiTaO is firstly directly prepared on fluorine-doped SnO transparent conductive glass (FTO) as a photoanode for photoelectrochemical (PEC) water oxidation via a simple hydrothermal method using a special precursor solution. The growth mechanism of the BiTaO film is investigated in detail.

A high-efficiency and stable cupric oxide photocathode coupled with Al surface plasmon resonance and AlO self-passivation.

The key to achieving high performance in photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting is the design of efficient and stable photoelectrode structures. Herein, we firstly synthesized a novel and high-photoactivity CuO/Al photocathode and then the AlO passivation layer was further introduced through a spontaneous oxidation process in air to protect the photocathode against photocorrosion. On account of the localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) of Al nanoparticles (NPs) in conjunction with surface passivation of the AlO layer, the obtained CuO/Al/AlO photocathode exhibits a high photocurrent density of -0.

A non-topotactic redox reaction enabled KVO as a high voltage cathode material for potassium-ion batteries.

When tested as the cathode material for potassium-ion batteries, K2V3O8 delivers a highly reversible capacity of over 100 mA h g-1 in the voltage range of 1.5-4.5 V with 73% capacity retained after 50 cycles.

Advances in the application, toxicity and degradation of carbon nanomaterials in environment: A review.

Carbon nanomaterials (CNMs) are novel nanomaterials with excellent physicochemical properties, which are widely used in biomedicine, energy and sensing. Besides, CNMs also play an important role in environmental pollution control, which can absorb heavy metals, antibiotics and harmful gases. However, CNMs are inevitably entering the environment while they are rapidly developing.

Effects of carbon nanotubes on biodegradation of pollutants: Positive or negative?

Recently, a large quantity of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) enters the environment due to the increasing production and applications. More and more researches are focused on the fate and possible ecological risks of CNTs. Some literatures summarized the effects of CNTs on the chemical behavior and fate of pollutants.

The combination of two-dimensional and three-dimensional analysis methods contributes to the understanding of glioblastoma spatial heterogeneity.

Heterogeneity is regarded as the major factor leading to the poor outcomes of glioblastoma (GBM) patients. However, conventional two-dimensional (2D) analysis methods, such as immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence, have limited capacity to reveal GBM spatial heterogeneity. Thus, we sought to develop an effective analysis strategy to increase the understanding of GBM spatial heterogeneity.

Transcriptome analysis and weighted gene co-expression network reveals potential genes responses to heat stress in turbot Scophthalmus maximus.

Turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) is an economically important marine fish cultured in China. In this study, we performed transcriptome gene expression profiling of kidney tissue in turbot exposed to heat stress (20, 23, 25 and 28 °C); control fish were maintained at 14 °C. We investigated gene relationships based on weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA).

Infrared Spectroscopy of Hydrogen-Bonding Interactions in Neutral Dimethylamine-Methanol Complexes.

Infrared spectra of the neutral dimethylamine-methanol cluster, DMA-CHOH, were measured in the spectral range of 2800-3900 cm using an infrared-vacuum ultraviolet (IR-VUV) scheme. Quantum chemical calculations and ab initio molecular dynamic (AIMD) simulations were carried out to understand the experimental spectral features. Experimental and theoretical results reveal the coexistence of N···HO and O···HN hydrogen-bonded structures.

1D WO Nanorods/2D WO Nanoflakes Homojunction Structure for Enhanced Charge Separation and Transfer towards Efficient Photoelectrochemical Performance.

Designing and fabricating photoelectrodes with low carrier recombination, high carrier transfer, and high light-capture capability is of great significance for achieving effective photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting. Herein, for the first time, 2D nonstoichiometric WO nanoflakes (NFs) were vertically grown by hydrothermal synthesis on 1D WO nanorods (NRs) obtained by a hydrothermal method and high-temperature annealing (HTA). In this 1D HTA-WO /2D WO photoanode, the 2D WO NFs with active areas could maximize light harvesting, and the unique 1D/2D homojunction structure could improve the carrier-separation efficiency.

Structural Insights into the Catalytic Mechanism of a Plant Diterpene Glycosyltransferase SrUGT76G1.

Diterpene glycosyltransferase UGT76G1 from (SrUGT76G1) is key to the generation of economically important steviol glycosides (SGs), a group of natural sweeteners with high-intensity sweetness. SrUGT76G1 accommodates a wide range of steviol-derived substrates and many other small molecules. We report here the crystal structures of SrUGT76G1 in complex with multiple ligands to answer how this enzyme recognizes diterpenoid aglycones and catalyzes the 1,3-sugar chain branching.

Circular RNA Expression Profiling and Selection of Key Circular RNAs in the Hypothalamus of Heat-Acclimated Rats.

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have vital roles in great variety of biological processes. However, expression levels and functions of circRNAs related to heat acclimation (HA) are poorly understood. This study is the first time an in-depth circRNA expression profiling were used to investigate circRNA-miRNA interactions in HA rats in order to further comprehend the mechanisms underlying HA.

Metal Organic Frameworks as Robust Host of Palladium Nanoparticles in Heterogeneous Catalysis: Synthesis, Application, and Prospect.

Metal organic frameworks (MOFs) are one set of the most excellent supports for Pd nanoparticles (NPs). MOFs as the host mainly have the following advantages: (i) they provide size limits for highly dispersed Pd NPs; (ii) fixing Pd NPs is beneficial for separation and reuse, avoiding the loss of expensive metals; (iii) the MOFs skeleton is diversified and functionalized, which is beneficial to enhancing the interaction with Pd NPs and prolonging the service life of the catalyst. This review discusses the synthesis strategy of Pd@MOF, which provides guidance for the synthesis of similar materials.

2D elongated polyhedral-like YVO films: a novel photoanode for photoelectrochemical water splitting.

YVO4 films, prepared on FTO substrates using a long-term hydrothermal method, possessing two-dimensional (2D) elongated polyhedral microcrystals and serving as a novel photoanode in the photoelectrochemical (PEC) field, are reported for the first time. The research indicates that YVO4 is a potential photoanode for PEC water splitting.

4-Phenylbutyrate Prevents Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress-Mediated Apoptosis Induced by Heatstroke in the Intestines of Mice.

Objective: Heatstroke can induce serious physiological dysfunction in the intestine. However, the underlying mechanisms of this condition are unknown, and therapeutic strategies are not available. In this study, we explored the role of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress signaling in this process and assessed whether pretreating mice with an inhibitor of ER stress could alleviate intestinal damage.

Heterogeneous Fenton-like catalyst for treatment of rhamnolipid-solubilized hexadecane wastewater.

The treatment of wastewater containing hydrophobic organic pollutants solubilized by surfactants is of great environmental importance. In this work, the removal of rhamnolipid-solubilized hexadecane via a salicylic acid-methanol-acetone modified steel converter slag (SMA-SCS) catalyzed Fenton-like process was studied. First, we investigated the adsorption of rhamnolipid and hexadecane onto SCS and SMA-modified SCS.

KLF9 aggravates ischemic injury in cardiomyocytes through augmenting oxidative stress.

Cardiomyocyte injury caused by excessive oxidative stress underlies the pathogenesis of myocardial infarction (MI), a devastating disease leading to heart failure and death. The Krüppel-like factor 9 (KLF9) is a transcriptional factor that has recently been reported to regulate oxidative stress, however, whether it is associated with cardiomyocyte injury and MI is unknown. We found that KLF9 was upregulated in the heart from a rat MI model.