Total neoadjuvant treatment to increase the clinical complete response rate for distal locally advanced rectal cancer (TESS): A study protocol of a prospective, open-label, multicenter, single-arm, phase 2 trial.

Background: Standard treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) was neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT), followed by total mesorectal excision (TME). Total neoadjuvant treatment (TNT), a new concept, attempts to deliver both systemic chemotherapy and neoadjuvant CRT prior to surgery. Patients treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy were more likely to show higher tumor regression.

Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy With CAPOX Versus Chemoradiation for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer With Uninvolved Mesorectal Fascia (CONVERT): Initial Results of a Phase III Trial.

Objective: To compare neoadjuvant chemotherapy (nCT) with CAPOX alone versus neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) with capecitabine in locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) with uninvolved mesorectal fascia (MRF).

Background Data: nCRT is associated with higher surgical complications, worse long-term functional outcomes, and questionable survival benefits. Comparatively, nCT alone seems a promising alternative treatment in lower-risk LARC patients with uninvolved MRF.

High dose chemoradiotherapy increases chance of organ preservation with satisfactory functional outcome for rectal cancer.

Background: High dose chemoradiotherapy offers a curative chance for patients with rectal cancer that are unfit or unwilling to undergo surgical resection, yet its long-term survival and functional outcomes have been rarely investigated.

Methods: Patients with non-metastatic rectal adenocarcinoma who received pelvic radiation for curative intent from April 2006 to July 2017 were retrospectively investigated. Survival rates were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method.

Serum apolipoprotein B to apolipoprotein A-I ratio is an independent predictor of liver metastasis from locally advanced rectal cancer in patients receiving neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy plus surgery.

Background: The ratio of serum apolipoprotein B (apoB) to apolipoprotein A-I (apoAI) had been reported as a prognostic factor in colorectal cancer. This retrospective study aimed to assess the implication of apoB-to-apoAI ratio in predicting liver metastasis from rectal cancer (RC).

Methods: The clinical data of 599 locally advanced RC patients treated with chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery were reviewed.

Comprehensive treatment experience of anal squamous cell carcinoma from a tertiary cancer center in South China.

Background: Anal squamous cell carcinoma (ASCC) is a rare malignant tumor with increasing incidence. The goal of our study was to analyze the treatment outcome and prognostic factors of ASCC in South China in the past half-century.

Methods: This study retrospectively included 59 patients with ASCC admitted from 1975 to 2018 in Sun Yat-sen University cancer center.

Nomogram to Predict Distant Metastasis Probability for Pathological Complete Response Rectal Cancer Patients After Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy.

Purpose: This study aimed to predict the risks of distant metastasis (DM) of locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) patients with pathological complete response (pCR) after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NACRT) and total mesorectal excision (TME), and to find the association between adjuvant chemotherapy (ACT) and their survival outcomes.

Methods And Materials: A total of 242 patients with LARC achieving pCR after NACRT were enrolled in this retrospective study. We developed a nomogram model using logistic regression analyses for predicting risk of DM.

Beneficiaries of radical surgery among clinical complete responders to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in rectal cancer.

This study aimed to identify patients who benefit from radical surgery among those with rectal cancer who achieved clinical complete response (cCR). Patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC; stage II/III) who achieved cCR after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) were included (n = 212). Univariate/multivariate Cox analysis was performed to validate predictors for distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS).

Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy in patients with unresectable locally advanced sigmoid colon cancer: clinical feasibility and outcome.

Background: Patients with locally advanced sigmoid colon cancer (LASCC) have limited treatment options and a dismal prognosis with poor quality of life. This retrospective study aimed to further evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NACRT) followed by surgery as treatment for select patients with unresectable LASCC.

Methods: We studied patients with unresectable LASCC who received NACRT between November 2010 and April 2019.

Serum Apolipoprotein A-I Predicts Response of Rectal Cancer to Neoadjuvant Chemoradiotherapy.

Background: Serum lipids have been reported as prognosticators for malignancies, including rectal cancer (RC). Yet, their value in predicting the response of RC to neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NACRT) remains unknown. This study aimed to assess the predictive abilities of serum lipids for a bad response, and to build a serum lipid-based prediction model.

Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy for patients with unresectable radically locally advanced colon cancer: a potential improvement to overall survival and decrease to multivisceral resection.

Background: The management of unresectable locally advanced colon cancer (LACC) remains controversial, as resection is not feasible. The goal of this study was to evaluate the treatment outcomes and toxicity of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NACRT) followed with surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with unresectable radically LACC.

Methods: We included patients who were diagnosed at our institution, 2010-2018.

The watch-and-wait strategy versus surgical resection for rectal cancer patients with a clinical complete response after neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.

Background: The watch-and-wait strategy offers a non-invasive therapeutic alternative for rectal cancer patients who have achieved a clinical complete response (cCR) after chemoradiotherapy. This study aimed to investigate the long-term clinical outcomes of this strategy in comparation to surgical resection.

Methods: Stage II/III rectal adenocarcinoma patients who received neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy and achieved a cCR were selected from the databases of three centers.

A Genotype Signature for Predicting Pathologic Complete Response in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer.

Purpose: To construct and validate a predicting genotype signature for pathologic complete response (pCR) in locally advanced rectal cancer (PGS-LARC) after neoadjuvant chemoradiation.

Methods And Materials: Whole exome sequencing was performed in 15 LARC tissues. Mutation sites were selected according to the whole exome sequencing data and literature.

Total mesorectal excision with or without preoperative chemoradiotherapy for resectable mid/low rectal cancer: a long-term analysis of a prospective, single-center, randomized trial.

Background: The preliminary results of our phase II randomized trial reported comparable functional sphincter preservation rates and short-term survival outcomes between patients undergoing total mesorectal excision (TME) with or without preoperative concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT). We now report the long-term results after a median follow-up of 71 months.

Methods: Between March 23, 2008 and August 2, 2012, 192 patients with T3-T4 or node-positive, resectable, mid/low rectal adenocarcinoma were randomly assigned to receive TME with or without preoperative CCRT.

Prognostic Value of the Cycle Number of Perioperative Chemotherapy in Locoregionally Advanced Rectal Cancer: a Propensity Score Matching Analysis.

Appropriate cycle number of perioperative chemotherapy for patients with locoregionally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) remains unknown. This study aimed to evaluate how cycle number of perioperative chemotherapy influenced the prognosis of LARC patients. In this study, a total of 388 consecutive patients were enrolled and retrospectively reviewed if they were diagnosed with untreated stage cII-III LARC and treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy plus radical surgery followed by adjuvant chemotherapy or not.

ypTNM category combined with AJCC tumor regression grade for screening patients with the worst prognosis after neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy for locally advanced rectal cancer.

Background: The purpose of this study was to investigate the value of the postsurgical pathological T and N (ypTN) category combined with the American Joint Committee on Cancer-tumor regression grade (AJCC-TRG) in evaluating the prognosis of neoadjuvant chemoradiation therapy (NeoCRT) for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC) to screen for a subgroup of patients with the worst prognosis.

Patients And Methods: In total, 265 patients with LARC were enrolled in the trial. All patients received NeoCRT.

The high pCR rate of sandwich neoadjuvant treatment in locally advanced rectal cancer may translate into a better long-term survival benefit: 5-year outcome of a Phase II clinical trial.

Background: In a Phase II clinical trial, we reported the effectiveness and safety of a sandwich neoadjuvant treatment based on a modified oxaliplatin plus capecitabine (XELOX) regimen for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). The pathologic complete response (pCR) rate was 42.2%, and no patient presented Grade 4 acute toxicities.

Analysis of Clinical characteristics to predict pathologic complete response for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy.

To explore clinical characteristics which could be applied to predict pathologic complete response (pCR) for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer treated with neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (neo-CRT) and total mesorectal excision (TME). 297 patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (cT3-4 or cN+) who were treated with neo-CRT followed by TME were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical characteristics including age, gender, tumor distance from anus, serum CEA, hemoglobin levels before treatment and clinical TN stage were used to investigate the association with pCR after neo-CRT.

Neoadjuvant oxaliplatin and capecitabine combined with bevacizumab plus radiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer: results of a single-institute phase II study.

Background: Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery is recommended as the standard of care for locally advanced rectal cancer, reducing local recurrence but not distant metastasis. Intensified systemic therapy is warranted to reduce the risk of distant metastasis. The present study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of neoadjuvant oxaliplatin and capecitabine (XELOX) combined with bevacizumab plus radiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer.

Neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy followed by surgery in patients with unresectable locally advanced colon cancer: a prospective observational study.

Background: The prognosis of locally unresectable colon cancer (CC) is poor. This prospective observational study aimed to further evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NACRT) followed by surgery in these patients.

Patients And Methods: We consecutively enrolled patients who were diagnosed with locally unresectable CC from November 2010 to March 2017, and received NACRT followed by surgery.

Early recurrence in patients undergoing curative resection of colorectal liver oligometastases: identification of its clinical characteristics, risk factors, and prognosis.

Purpose: Oligometastatic disease can potentially be cured when an optimal approach is performed. Early recurrence after liver resection is an intractable problem, and the clinical implications remain unknown in colorectal liver oligometastases (CLOM) patients. This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics, risk factors, and prognosis related to early recurrence in these patients.

Addition of oxaliplatin to capecitabine-based preoperative chemoradiotherapy for locally advanced rectal cancer: Long-term outcome of a phase II study.

Our previous study reported the favorable short-term outcome and good tolerance of integrating oxaliplatin into capecitabine-based (XELOX regimen) preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) for locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC). The present study reported the long-term oncological outcome of this phase II study. A total of 47 patients with rectal adenocarcinoma (stage II or III) were enrolled and received radiotherapy (46 Gy in 23 fractions) in combination with capecitabine (1,000 mg/m, twice daily, on days 1-14 and 22-35) and oxaliplatin (130 mg/m on days 1 and 22).

Severe weight loss during preoperative chemoradiotherapy compromises survival outcome for patients with locally advanced rectal cancer.

Purpose: In addition to tumor factors, poor nutritional status before and during anti-tumor treatment might compromise prognosis in several types of cancer. This study was done to determine the impact of weight loss during preoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT) on the survival outcome of patients with locally advanced rectal cancer (LARC).

Methods: The retrospective study examined consecutive patients with LARC who underwent preoperative CRT followed by radical resection in a single institute, between 2003 and 2013.