Small extracellular vesicles derived from umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells alleviate radiation-induced cardiac organoid injury.

Background: Radiation-induced heart disease (RIHD) is one of the most serious complications of radiation therapy (RT) for thoracic tumors, and new interventions are needed for its prevention and treatment. Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) from stem cells have attracted much attention due to their ability to repair injury. However, the role of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell (UCMSC)-derived sEVs in protecting cardiac organoids from radiation-induced injury and the underlying mechanisms are largely unknown.

Hypocalcemia Event Associated with Denosumab: A Real-World Study from FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) Database.

Background And Objective: Denosumab is widely used for osteoporosis and cancer treatment. However, hypocalcemia induced by denosumab is a frequent adverse event. The objective of this study is to comprehensively investigate the safety signals and the occurrence of hypocalcemia in real-world patient cases reported through the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).

Superoxide dismutase 1-modified dental pulp stem cells alleviate high-altitude pulmonary edema by inhibiting oxidative stress through the Nrf2/HO-1 pathway.

High-altitude pulmonary edema (HAPE) is a deadly form of altitude sickness, and there is no effective treatment for HAPE. Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are a type of mesenchymal stem cell isolated from dental pulp tissues and possess various functions, such as anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress. DPSCs have been used to treat a variety of diseases, but there are no studies on treating HAPE.

Gap-free chromosome-level genomes of male and female spotted longbarbel catfish Hemibagrus guttatus.

Hemibagrus guttatus, also named as spotted longbarbel catfish, is an economical fish in China. However, their gender cannot be easily distinguished from their appearance, which largely impedes their artificial breeding. Therefore, we provided two gap-free chromosome-level genomes of male and female spotted longbarbel catfish by combining wtdbg2, LR_Gapcloser and TGS-GapCloser assembly approaches with Hi-C data and accurate Pacbio HiFi long-reads.

Investigation of the Single-Particle Scale Structure-Activity Relationship Providing New Insights for the Development of High-Performance Batteries.

As electric vehicles, portable electronic devices, and tools have increasingly high requirements for battery energy density and power density, constantly improving battery performance is a research focus. Accurate measurement of the structure-activity relationship of active materials is key to advancing the research of high-performance batteries. However, conventional performance tests of active materials are based on the electrochemical measurement of porous composite electrodes containing active materials, polymer binders, and conductive carbon additives, which cannot establish an accurate structure-activity relationship with the physical characterization of microregions.

Hemorrhage profile associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a systematic review and a real-world study based on the FAERS database.

Objectives: To investigate the risk of hemorrhage associated with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors (ICIs) and characterize its clinical features.

Methods: We systematically reviewed randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of hemorrhage related to ICIs and calculated odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Pharmacovigilance studies were conducted by collecting ICIs-related hemorrhage cases from the FAERS database and assessing disproportionalities by reporting odds ratios (RORs) and information components (ICs).

Flexible biopolymer-assisted 3D printed bioceramics scaffold with high shape adaptability.

Bioceramics are widely used in bone tissue engineering, yet the inherent high brittleness and low ductility of the ceramics lead to poor machinability, which restricts their clinical applications. Here, a flexible and processable 3D printed bioceramic scaffold with high ceramic content (66.7 %) and shape fidelity (volume shrinkage rate < 5 %) was developed by freeze-thaw cycles, which was assisted by polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and silk fibroin (SF).

Non-Equivalent Donor-Acceptor Type Polymers as Dopant-Free Hole-Transporting Materials for Perovskite Solar Cells.

Electron donor (D)-electron acceptor (A) type conjugated polymers present bright prospects as dopant-free hole-transporting materials (HTMs) for perovskite solar cells (PVSCs). Most of the reported D-A polymeric HTMs contain equivalent amounts of D and A units, while the appropriate excess proportion of D units could optimize the aggregation state of polymer chains and improve the hole transport properties of the polymers. Herein, a non-equivalent D-A copolymerization strategy was utilized to develop three indacenodithiophene-benzotriazole-based polymeric HTMs for PVSCs, named as F-10, F-15, and F-20, and the equivalent D-A polymer F-00 was studied in parallel.

G-quadruplex formation within the promoter region of and its effect on transcription.

G-rich sequences in DNA and RNA tend to fold into stable secondary structures called G-quadruplexes. Except for the telomere region, G-quadruplex-forming sequences are widely present in gene promoters and have been implicated in transcriptional regulation. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) can disrupt the G-quadruplex structure of a gene promoter.

Facial palsy induced by immune checkpoint blockade: A systematic analysis of clinical trials and a pharmacovigilance study of postmarketing data.

Background: To estimate the risk of facial nerve palsy (FP) associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), and to describe its clinical features.

Methods: Data from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database were included. The primary outcome was the risk of FP events associated with ICIs.

A review of chitosan-based shape memory materials: Stimuli-responsiveness, multifunctionalities and applications.

Shape memory polymers (SMPs), as a type of smart materials, possess the unique shape memory and deformation recovery abilities. Hence, SMPs have been attracted extensive attentions and widely used in fields of electric devices, aerospace structures and biomedical engineering. Chitosan (CS), as a renewable natural biomass material, exhibits the excellent biocompatibility, biodegradability and antibacterial activities.

A high-throughput UHPLC-MS/MS method for the determination of eight anti-tumor drugs in plasma.

Rapidly developing UHPLC-MS/MS bioassays with high throughput and quality are challenging yet desired in routine clinics. METHODS & RESULTS: A high-throughput UHPLC-MS/MS bioassay has been built for simultaneously quantifying gefitinib, ruxolitinib, dasatinib, imatinib, ibrutinib, methotrexate, cyclophosphamide and paclitaxel. After the protein precipitation with methanol, samples were separated on an Acquity BEH C column following a gradient elution system with methanol and 2 mM ammonium acetate in water at 40 °C with a run time of 3 min (flow rate 0.

Screening of antibiotics to obtain axenic cell cultures of a marine microalga .

Due to high growth rate, outstanding abiotic stress tolerance, and rich value-added substances, , belonging to the phylum of Haptophyta, can be considered as a versatile resource for industrial exploitation of bioactive compounds. However, the application potential of has drawn attention until just recently, and the understanding related to the biological properties of this species is still scarce. For example, the sensitivities of to antibiotics, which is essential for the verification of heterotrophic capacity and the establishment of efficient genetic manipulation system is still unavailable.

Interstitial lung disease in patients treated with poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi): analysis of results from clinical trials and the FDA Adverse Events Reporting System database.

Objective: To evaluate the risk of interstitial lung disease associated with poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors (PARPi) and characterize its clinical features.

Methods: We systematically reviewed phase III randomized clinical trials of interstitial lung disease related to PARPi and calculated Peto odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Pharmacovigilance studies were conducted by collecting cases of PARPi-related interstitial lung disease from the FDA Adverse Events Reporting System and assessing disproportionalities by reporting ORs and information components.

Injectable chondroitin sulfate-grafted self-antioxidant hydrogels ameliorate nucleus pulposus degeneration against overactive inflammation.

Overactive inflammatory cascade accompanied by oxidative stress in the nucleus pulposus exacerbates intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD). Hydrogels have been demonstrated to be promising in treating IVDD, yet they remain less efficacious in the case of anti-inflammation associated with antioxidation. In this study, we designed an injectable self-antioxidant hydrogel (HA/CS) with enhanced inflammation inhibitory performance for delivering chondroitin sulfate (CS) with well-documented anti-inflammatory property to treat IVDD.

Injectable and tissue adhesive EGCG-laden hyaluronic acid hydrogel depot for treating oxidative stress and inflammation.

Oxidative stress and inflammation are common pathological mechanisms for the progression of tissue degeneration. Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) features antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, which is a promising drug for the treatment of tissue degeneration. Herein, we utilize the phenylborate ester reaction of EGCG and phenylboronic acid (PBA) to fabricate an injectable and tissue adhesive EGCG-laden hydrogel depot (EGCG HYPOT), which can achieve anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects via smart delivery of EGCG.

Thromboembolism profiles associated with cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitors: a real-world pharmacovigilance study and a systematic review.

Background: Thrombosis is the second leading cause of mortality in cancer patients. This study aimed to investigate the association between cyclin-dependent kinase 4 and 6 inhibitors (CDK4/6i) and thrombosis.

Research Design And Methods: A retrospective pharmacovigilance analysis based on real-world data combined with a systematic review was used to explore the thrombotic risk profiles of CDK4/6i.

SGLT-2 inhibitors and euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis/diabetic ketoacidosis in FAERS: a pharmacovigilance assessment.

Aims: To investigate the main feature and the association between euglycemic diabetic ketoacidosis (euDKA) /diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and sodium-dependent glucose transporters 2 inhibitors (SGLT-2i) from the FDA adverse event reporting system (FAERS).

Methods: Cases of SGLT-2i-associated with euDKA/DKA were extracted from the FAERS database and compared with the reports for other hypoglycemia agents (ATC10 class). Disproportionality analyses used the reporting odds ratio (ROR) and information components (IC).

Type 1 diabetes with immune checkpoint inhibitors: A systematic analysis of clinical trials and a pharmacovigilance study of postmarketing data.

Background: To estimate the risk of type 1 diabetes associated with immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI-T1DM), and to describe its clinical features.

Methods: ICI-T1DM events in randomized clinical trials (RCTs) available in electronic databases were systematically reviewed. The primary outcome was the summary risk of T1DM related to ICIs, a meta-analysis was conducted to obtain Peto odds ratios (ORs) with 95 % CIs.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors increase the risk of kidney transplant rejection: a real-world pharmacovigilance study.

Background: Kidney transplant recipients with cancer are at higher risk of kidney transplant rejection (KTR), and the safety of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) is unclear. The present study investigates the relationship between ICIs and KTR using data from the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).

Research Design And Methods: Case reports of KTR inducted by ICIs in FAERS from 1 January 2011, to 30 June 2021, were collected, and a disproportionate analysis was performed to assess the correlation between ICIs and KTR.

Exploring the trend in religious diversity: Based on the geographical perspective.

The formation and development of religious diversity is a manifestation of the free expression of human thought, belief, and practice, as well as a historical premise and ideological condition for the gradual recognition and integration of modern religions into modern political values. This study examines the spatial characteristics of the development of the global religious diversity index (RDI) and the evolution trend through a geographical perspective by the LISA space-time transition and convergence test. The results show that: (1) At the temporal level, RDI showed a fast and then slow increase after WWII, with an increase of 61.

Ileus in patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: A retrospective, pharmacovigilance study using Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System database.

Objective: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been widely used in cancer treatment; however, some case reports suggested that ICIs treatment might result in ileus. This study aims to comprehensively reveal the relationship between ileus and ICIs treatment in real-world cases from Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS).

Methods: Reports from January 1, 2011 to December 31, 2020 were extracted from the FAERS.

Pulmonary tuberculosis associated with immune checkpoint inhibitors: a pharmacovigilance study.

We examined case reports of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) associated pulmonary tuberculosis (PT) using data from the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System database. Disproportionality analysis was performed by using the reporting OR (ROR) with relevant 95% CI. A total of 74 cases of PT related to ICIs therapy were identified.

Improving robustness in interdependent networks under intentional attacks by optimizing intra-link allocation.

The interdependent network is particularly vulnerable to attacks on high degree nodes; therefore, the improvement of its robustness under intentional attacks has become an important topic. In this paper, we put forward a new metric to quantify the robustness of interdependent networks against intentional attacks and develop an improved simulated annealing algorithm (ISAA) to maximize this metric by optimizing the allocation of intra-links in subnetworks. Based on the comparison between the ISAA and existing algorithms, it is found that the algorithm presented in this paper is more effective to enhance the robustness of an interdependent scale-free network (ISFN).