Molecular Design of Porous Organic Polymer-Derived Carbonaceous Electrocatalysts for Pinpointing Active Sites in Oxygen Reduction Reaction.

The widespread application of fuel cells is hampered by the sluggish kinetics of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), which traditionally necessitates the use of high-cost platinum group metal catalysts. The indispensability of these metal catalysts stems from their ability to overcome kinetic barriers, but their high cost and scarcity necessitate alternative strategies. In this context, porous organic polymers (POPs), which are built up from the molecular level, are emerging as promising precursors to produce carbonaceous catalysts owning to their cost-effectiveness, high electrical conductivity, abundant active sites and extensive surface area accessibility.

Chemically Induced Compatible Interface in Pyrolyzed Bacterial Cellulose/Graphene Sandwich for Electrochemical Energy Storage.

Herein, a three-step approach toward a multi-layered porous PBC/graphene sandwich has been developed, in which the chemical bonding interactions have been successfully enhanced via esterification between the layers of pyrolyzed bacterial cellulose (PBC) and graphene. Such a chemically induced compatible interface has been demonstrated to contribute significantly to the mass transfer efficiency when the PBC/graphene sandwich is deployed as electrode material for both supercapacitors and lithium-sulfur batteries. The high specific capacitance of the supercapacitors has been increased by three times, to 393 F g at 0.

A template oriented one-dimensional Schiff-base polymer: towards flexible nitrogen-enriched carbonaceous electrodes with ultrahigh electrochemical capacity.

Lithium-ion capacitors (LICs) have attracted much attention considering their efficient combination of high energy density and high-power density. However, to meet the increasing requirements of energy storage devices and the flexible portable electronic equipment, it is still challenging to develop flexible LIC anodes with high specific capacity and excellent rate capability. Herein, we propose a delicate bottom-up strategy to integrate unique Schiff-base-type polymers into desirable one-dimensional (1D) polymeric structures.

Construction of imine-linked covalent organic framework as advanced adsorbent for the sensitive determination of chlorophenols.

Food safety is a great concern of the general public. Chlorophenols (CPs) as organic pollutant can be found in drinking water and foods, causing serious harm to human health. Herein, imine-linked covalent organic frameworks (COFs), named as TAPT-AN-COF, was synthesized by aniline modulation strategy through condensation of 1,3,5-triformylphoroglucinol and 4,4',4''-(1,3,5-Triazine-2,4,6-triyl)trianiline with aniline as modulator.

Rational integration of porous organic polymer and multiwall carbon nanotube for the microextraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.

By integration of benzene-constructed porous organic polymer (KBF) and multiwalled carbon nanotube (MWCNT), a MWCNT-KBF hybrid material was constructed through in situ knitting benzene with formaldehyde dimethyl acetal in the presence of MWCNTs to form a network. MWCNT-KBF was then adopted as a novel solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fiber coating. Coupled to gas chromatography-flame ionization detection, the MWCNT-KBF-assisted SPME method showed large enhancement factors (483-2066), low limits of detection (0.

Band Structure Engineering of Schiff-Base Microporous Organic Polymers for Enhanced Visible-Light Photocatalytic Performance.

Schiff-base networks (SBNs), as typical examples of nitrogen-doped microporous organic polymers (MOPs), exhibit promising application prospects owing to their stable properties and tunable chemical structures. However, their band structure engineering, which plays a key role in optical properties, remains elusive due to the complicated mechanisms behind energy level adjustment. In this work, a series of SBNs are fabricated by tailoring the ratio of p-phthalaldehyde and o-phthalaldehyde in the Schiff-base chemistry reaction with melamine, resulting in a straightforward as well as continuous tuning of their band gaps ranging from 4.

Rational Design of Carbon-Rich Materials for Energy Storage and Conversion.

Carbon-rich materials have drawn tremendous attention toward a wide spectrum of energy applications due to their superior electronic mobility, good mechanical strength, ultrahigh surface area, and more importantly, abundant diversity in structure and components. Herein, rationally designed and bottom-up constructed carbon-rich materials for energy storage and conversion are discussed. The fundamental design principles are itemized for the targeted preparation of carbon-rich materials and the latest remarkable advances are summarized in terms of emerging dimensions including sp carbon fragment manipulation, pore structure modulation, topological defect engineering, heteroatom incorporation, and edge chemical regulation.

A facile and processable integration strategy towards Schiff-base polymer-derived carbonaceous materials with high lithium storage performance.

Herein, a novel in situ concentrated-solution-induced polymerization strategy is developed towards the integration of Schiff-base networks into graphene foam with processable and moldable characteristics. This bottom-up design process endows the resultant composites with a high nitrogen content (9.6 at%) and abundant porosity and accordingly demonstrates high lithium storage properties.

A collaborative strategy for stable lithium metal anodes by using three-dimensional nitrogen-doped graphene foams.

A collaborative strategy is developed for constructing stable lithium metal anodes by using self-supporting three-dimensional nitrogen-doped graphene foams as the multifunctional host matrix. The resultant electrode shows impressive electrochemical performances, attributable to the three-dimensional porous architecture and nitrogen-doping nature of such a unique host matrix.

Nitrogen-Enriched Carbon/CNT Composites Based on Schiff-Base Networks: Ultrahigh N Content and Enhanced Lithium Storage Properties.

To improve the electrochemical performance of carbonaceous anodes for lithium ion batteries (LIBs), the incorporation of both well-defined heteroatom species and the controllable 3D porous networks are urgently required. In this work, a novel N-enriched carbon/carbon nanotube composite (NEC/CNT) through a chemically induced precursor-controlled pyrolysis approach is developed. Instead of conventional N-containing sources or precursors, Schiff-base network (SNW-1) enables the desirable combination of a 3D polymer with intrinsic microporosity and ultrahigh N-content, which can significantly promote the fast transport of both Li and electron.

Caging tin oxide in three-dimensional graphene networks for superior volumetric lithium storage.

Tin and its compounds hold promise for the development of high-capacity anode materials that could replace graphitic carbon used in current lithium-ion batteries. However, the introduced porosity in current electrode designs to buffer the volume changes of active materials during cycling does not afford high volumetric performance. Here, we show a strategy leveraging a sulfur sacrificial agent for controlled utility of void space in a tin oxide/graphene composite anode.

Disassembly-Reassembly Approach to RuO /Graphene Composites for Ultrahigh Volumetric Capacitance Supercapacitor.

A porous, yet compact, RuO /graphene hybrid is successfully prepared by using a disassembly-reassembly strategy, achieving effective and uniform loading of RuO nanoparticles inside compact graphene monolith. The disassembly process ensures the uniform loading of RuO nanoparticles into graphene monolith, while the reassembly process guarantees a high density yet simultaneously unimpeded ion transport channel in the composite. The resulting RuO /graphene hybrid possesses a density of 2.

High-Performance Silicon Battery Anodes Enabled by Engineering Graphene Assemblies.

We propose a novel material/electrode design formula and develop an engineered self-supporting electrode configuration, namely, silicon nanoparticle impregnated assemblies of templated carbon-bridged oriented graphene. We have demonstrated their use as binder-free lithium-ion battery anodes with exceptional lithium storage performances, simultaneously attaining high gravimetric capacity (1390 mAh g(-1) at 2 A g(-1) with respect to the total electrode weight), high volumetric capacity (1807 mAh cm(-3) that is more than three times that of graphite anodes), remarkable rate capability (900 mAh g(-1) at 8 A g(-1)), excellent cyclic stability (0.025% decay per cycle over 200 cycles), and competing areal capacity (as high as 4 and 6 mAh cm(-2) at 15 and 3 mA cm(-2), respectively).

Chloridobis(1,10-phenanthroline-κN,N')copper(II) tetra-kis-(nitrato-κO,O')(1,10-phenanthroline-κN,N')terbate(III).

The title complex salt, [CuCl(C(12)H(8)N(2))(2)][Tb(NO(3))(4)(C(12)H(8)N(2))], consists of discrete [CuCl(phen))(2)](+) cations and [Tb(NO(3))(4)(phen)](-) anions (phen is 1,10-phenanthroline). The [CuCl(phen))(2)](+) cation contains a five-coordinate Cu(2+) ion, ligated by two bidentate phen ligands and one Cl(-) ion, exhibiting a distorted CuN(4)Cl trigonal-bipyramidal geometry. In the [Tb(NO(3))(4)(phen)](-) anion, the Tb(3+) ion is coordinated by one chelating phen ligand and four chelating nitrates, forming a distorted TbN(2)O(8) bicapped dodeca-hedral configuration.

5-Chloro-1-(4-meth-oxy-benz-yl)indoline-2,3-dione.

In the title compound, C(16)H(12)ClNO(3), an arm-like 4-meth-oxy-benzene links to 5-chloro-indoline-2,3-dione through a methyl-ene group, with a dihedral angle between the mean planes of the benzene ring and the indole moiety of 88.44 (8)°. In the crystal, weak inter-molecular C-H⋯O and π-π stacking inter-actions [centroid-centroid distance = 3.