Enantioselective α-Trifluoromethylthiolation of Carbonyl Compounds with AgSCF and Trichloroisocyanuric Acid.

We successfully developed an enantioselective trifluoromethylthiolation of structurally diverse carbonyl compounds. Trichloroisocyanuric acid and AgSCF were employed to generate active electrophilic trifluoromethylthio species in situ for asymmetric C-SCF bond formation. A broad variety of chiral SCF-carbon nucleophiles (pyrazolones, β-keto esters, and β-keto amides) were obtained in excellent yields with high enantioselectivities (up to 92% ee) by Cinchona alkaloid derived squaramide catalysts.

YWHAG promotes colorectal cancer progression by regulating the CTTN-Wnt/β-catenin signaling axis.

Colorectal cancer (CRC) ranks as the third most prevalent cancer type globally. Nevertheless, the fundamental mechanisms driving CRC progression remain ambiguous, and the prognosis for the majority of patients diagnosed at an advanced stage is dismal. YWHA/14-3-3 proteins serve as central nodes in several signaling pathways and are closely related to tumorigenesis and progression.

Reprogramming tumor-associated macrophages by a dually targeted milk exosome system as a potent monotherapy for cancer.

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) play a key role in inducing an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME) and cancer immune escape. We previously revealed that PDL1 (a key immune checkpoint) was upregulated in TAMs and induced M2 polarization, highlighting PDL1 in TAMs as a promising cancer therapeutic target. In this study, we developed an engineered milk exosome (mExo) system decorated with M2pep (an M2 macrophage binding peptide) and 7D12 (an anti-EGFR nanobody) (7D12-mExo-M2pep-siPDL1) to specifically deliver siPDL1 into M2 TAMs.

A method for extraction of exosomes from breast tumour cells and characterisation by transmission electron microscopy.

Exosomes can not only be used as markers of tumour metastasis but also be used for noninvasive diagnosis of clinical diseases, which holds significant medical research value. Observing the morphology and distribution of exosomes using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is highly significant. In this study, we use breast tumour cell (MDA-MB-231) exosomes as a representative sample and focus on the extraction and purification of exosomes, as well as the investigation of optimal conditions for the observation of exosomes using TEM.

Clinical Report of a Rare Mucinous Staphylococcus Aureus Infection.

Background: Staphylococcus aureus is the most common pathogen in suppurative infection, which can cause local suppurative infection, pneumonia, etc. A case of double renal calculi complicated with chronic renal insufficiency and mucinous Staphylococcus aureus infection was analyzed and discussed.

Methods: Bacterial culture, identification, and next-generation sequencing.

Ratiometric fluorescence sensing of formaldehyde in food samples based on bifunctional MOF.

A new fluorescence strategy was described for ratiometric sensing of formaldehyde (FA) with bifunctional MOF, which acted as a fluorescence reporter as well as biomimetic peroxidase. With the assistance of HO, NH-MIL-101 (Fe) catalyzes the oxidation of non-luminescent substrate o-phenylenediamine (OPD) to produce fluorescent product (oxOPD) with the maximum emission at 570 nm. Besides, intrinsic fluorescence of MOF (λem = 445 nm) was quenched by oxOPD through inner filter effect (IFE).

Enhanced detection of ascorbic acid with cascaded fluorescence recovery of a dual-nanoquencher system.

An innovative strategy with target-triggered cascade fluorescence recovery of a dual-nanoquencher system was developed to detect ascorbic acid (AA). Herein, manganese dioxide (MnO) nanosheets and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were used as nanoquenchers simultaneously. Owing to their synergistic effects, the fluorescence of 2,3-diaminophenazine (DAP) was decreased efficiently, thus minimizing the background fluorescence.

PoolNet+: Exploring the Potential of Pooling for Salient Object Detection.

We explore the potential of pooling techniques on the task of salient object detection by expanding its role in convolutional neural networks. In general, two pooling-based modules are proposed. A global guidance module (GGM) is first built based on the bottom-up pathway of the U-shape architecture, which aims to guide the location information of the potential salient objects into layers at different feature levels.

Rethinking the U-Shape Structure for Salient Object Detection.

The U-shape structure has shown its advantage in salient object detection for efficiently combining multi-scale features. However, most existing U-shape-based methods focused on improving the bottom-up and top-down pathways while ignoring the connections between them. This paper shows that we can achieve the cross-scale information interaction by centralizing these connections, hence obtaining semantically stronger and positionally more precise features.

D-MT prompts the anti-tumor effect of oxaliplatin by inhibiting IDO expression in a mouse model of colon cancer.

Colon cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in the digestive system. Although oxaliplatin, a chemotherapy drug, has been clinically used to treat colon cancer, its therapeutic effect is unsatisfactory. It has been proved that indoleamine dioxygenase 2,3 (IDO) is a tumor immunosuppressive factor for the immune response.

Seed-Morphology-Directed Synthesis of Concave Gold Nanocrystals with Tunable Sizes.

We report the fabrication of concave gold (Au) nanocrystals with a set of morphologies and controlled sizes via seeded growth. Starting with Au seeds with a well-defined morphology and uniform size, cubic and rodlike Au nanocrystals with a noticeable concave feature could be successfully obtained, respectively. We also track the growth process and record the shape evolution process.

Identifying Diabetic Macular Edema and Other Retinal Diseases by Optical Coherence Tomography Image and Multiscale Deep Learning.

Purpose: Diabetic Macular Edema has been one of the research hotspots all over the world. But as the global population continues to grow, the number of OCT images requiring manual analysis is becoming increasingly unaffordable. Medical images are often fuzzy due to the inherent physical processes of acquiring them.

Deep Learning-Based Method of Diagnosing Hyperlipidemia and Providing Diagnostic Markers Automatically.

Introduction: The research of auxiliary diagnosis has always been one of the hotspots in the world. The implementation of auxiliary diagnosis support algorithm for medical text data faces challenges with interpretability and creditability. The improvement of clinical diagnostic techniques means not only the improvement of diagnostic accuracy but also the further study of diagnostic basis.

Effect of miR-135b inhibitor on biological characteristics of osteosarcoma cells through up-regulating PPM1A.

miR-135b is expressed abnormally in various tumors and plays an important role in the occurrence and development of tumors bydifferent pathways. The role of miR-135b in osteosarcoma (OS) and its mechanisms were uncertain. The study aimed to clarify the role of miR-135b in osteosarcoma (OS) cells and explore the effect of miR-135b inhibitor on the biological characteristics of OS cells.

[Correlation analysis between interleukin 6 polymorphism and adolescent idiopathic scoliosis susceptibility and bracing effectiveness].

Objective: To analyze the correlation between the polymorphism on interleukin 6 (IL-6) gene promoter region-174 locus and adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), including the susceptibility, the bracing effectiveness, and the possible mechanism.

Methods: The 182 AIS patients and 210 healthy controls who met the inclusion criteria between January 2013 and January 2016 were collected as research objects. The genotype of IL-6 gene promoter region-174 locus, the serum IL-6, the bone mineral density (BMD) of femoral neck and vertebrae (L ), and the bone metabolism parameters, including bone alkaline phosphatase (BALP), bone gla protein (BGP), tartrate resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRACP-5b), urine Ca, and urine Ca/Cr, were detected.

CuMoO Nanosheet Array as a High-Efficiency Oxygen Evolution Electrode in Alkaline Solution.

Developing highly active and sustained oxygen evolution reaction (OER) catalysts for energy-saving electrolytic hydrogen generation is highly attractive. In this work, we report the development of a CuMoO nanosheet array on nickel foam (CuMoO/NF) as a highly active OER catalyst. Such CuMoO/NF shows high catalytic activity in 1.

Interface engineering of a CeO-CuP nanoarray for efficient alkaline hydrogen evolution.

It is of great importance to design and develop highly active electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) under alkaline conditions. In this work, we report the development of a CeO-CuP nanoarray supported on nickel foam (CeO-CuP/NF) as an excellent HER catalyst with the demand of an overpotential of only 148 mV to deliver a geometrical catalytic current density of 20 mA cm in 1.0 M KOH.

Co(OH) Nanoparticle-Encapsulating Conductive Nanowires Array: Room-Temperature Electrochemical Preparation for High-Performance Water Oxidation Electrocatalysis.

It is highly desired but still remains challenging to design and develop a Co-based nanoparticle-encapsulated conductive nanoarray at room temperature for high-performance water oxidation electrocatalysis. Here, it is reported that room-temperature anodization of a Co(TCNQ) (TCNQ = tetracyanoquinodimethane) nanowire array on copper foam at alkaline pH leads to in situ electrochemcial oxidation of TCNQ into water-insoluable TCNQ nanoarray embedding Co(OH) nanoparticles. Such Co(OH) -TCNQ/CF shows superior catalytic activity for water oxidation and demands only a low overpotential of 276 mV to drive a geometrical current density of 25 mA cm in 1.

In situ development of amorphous Mn-Co-P shell on MnCoO nanowire array for superior oxygen evolution electrocatalysis in alkaline media.

Exploitation of efficient and earth-abundant electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is of great importance. Herein, we report that the formation of an amorphous Mn-Co-P shell on MnCoO can boost its OER activity in alkaline media. The core-shell Mn-Co-P@MnCoO nanowire array on Ti mesh (Mn-Co-P@MnCoO/Ti) shows excellent electrochemical catalytic activity and requires an overpotential of 269 mV to drive 10 mA cm in 1.

Ultrafine PtO nanoparticles coupled with a Co(OH)F nanowire array for enhanced hydrogen evolution.

In this communication, we report the in situ formation of ultrafine PtO nanoparticles coupled with a Co(OH)F nanowire array (PtO-Co(OH)F NA/TM) via a facile hydrothermal treatment. The PtO-Co(OH)F NA/TM possesses interfacial synergy derived from its favorable composition and structure. It can greatly promote water dissociation and optimize the free energy of H* adsorption, indicating high catalytic activity towards the alkaline HER.

Efficient Hydrogen Evolution Electrocatalysis at Alkaline pH by Interface Engineering of NiP-CeO.

It is of significant importance to develop effective non-noble-metal catalysts for hydrogen evolution electrocatalysis under basic conditions. In this study, we demonstrate the facile construction of a NiP-CeO interface based on the central point that low-temperature phosphidation of the NiO-CeO precursor only converts NiO into NiP selectively. The resulting NiP-CeO nanosheet array on Ti mesh behaves as a durable catalyst for alkaline hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) electrocatalysis, and it can reach 20 mA cm at an overpotential of 84 mV in 1.