Optical and Dielectrical Properties of Opal Water Content Determination Using Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy.

The optical and dielectric properties of opals with different water contents were investigated using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy. The refractive indices and absorption coefficients showed different trends due to the different water contents. The effective medium theory was used to extract the intrinsic dielectric permittivity of opal from opal-polytetrafluoroethylene mixtures.

Ultrasound-mediated soybean-egg white protein acid-induced emulsion gels: A multi-design approach integrating techno-functional properties, digestibility, and nutritional value.

This study investigated the effects of formulation and ultrasound on the processing properties and nutrient digestion of soy protein isolate (SPI)-egg white protein (EWP) emulsion gels. The incorporation of EWP significantly improved the texture properties and freeze-thaw stability through disulfide bonds and homogeneous networks in comparison to SPI emulsion gels. However, swelling ratio of emulsion gels at SPI:EWP ratios of 3:1 and 2:1 decreased due to disruption of SPI network continuity.

Genome-wide identification and expression analysis of the kinesin gene superfamily suggests roles in response to abiotic stress and fertility of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).

Background: Kinesin is a motor for microtubule-based motility. It plays a vital role in plant growth and development. The kinesin superfamily members are known mainly from Arabidopsis.

Charge transport channel and nonmetallic plasmon synergistically augment surface reaction kinetics and charge separation for efficient photoelectrochemical hydrogen evolution of CdS/TiN-sensitized FeVO photoanode.

Achieving simultaneous enhancement in the light energy utilization efficiency, bulk charge carrier separation and surface charge carrier injection efficiency as well as the surface reaction kinetics of water oxidation is a formidable challenge for photoanodes in photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting hydrogen generation. Herein, nanoparticle-assembled flower-like CdS spheres and nonmetallic plasmonic TiN nanoparticles are exploited to successively sensitize FeVO nanoporous film (NPF) photoanode for achieving efficient PEC hydrogen evolution. The sensitization of TiN and CdS simultaneously integrates type-II band structure, surface plasmon resonance and Schottky junction into FeVO NPF photoanode, synergistically achieving simultaneous enhancement in the light energy utilization efficiency, bulk charge carrier separation efficiency, surface reaction kinetics of water oxidation and surface charge carrier injection efficiency.

Cancer history and accelerated aging: findings from a nationally representative sample in the US.

Purpose: Cancer and its treatments may accelerate the aging process. However, accelerated aging among cancer survivors is not well understood. This study examines accelerated aging among adults with and without a cancer history in a nationally representative sample and identifies health-related social needs and behavioral factors associated with accelerated aging.

Double network emulsion gel prepared with different polyphenol modified egg white protein: A promising fat substitute for oral processing and fatty taste supplement.

This study investigated the effects of differential modification of the structural flexibility of egg white protein (EWP) by different polyphenols, which in turn enhanced the oral processing properties and fat perception of EWP-based double network emulsion gel (DNEG). After modification with polyphenols, the skeleton of gel became more delicate, which improved the hardness and cohesion of DNEG. This transformation was attributed to the shift from hydrophobic interactions to hydrogen and covalent bonds.

Transient HR enhancement by RAD51-stimulatory compound confers protection on intestinal rather than hematopoietic tissue against irradiation in mice.

DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are cytotoxic lesions that compromise genomic integrity and trigger cell death. Homologous recombination (HR) is a major pathway for repairing DSBs in cycling cells. However, it remains unclear whether transient modulation of HR could confer protection to adult stem cells against lethal irradiation exposure.

The key to 2,6-dichloro-1,4-benzoquinone reproductive toxicity and green tea detoxification: Covalent binding and competitive binding.

Halobenzoquinones (HBQs) are ubiquitous disinfection by-products (DBPs) in chlorinated drinking water with various health risks including reproductive toxicity, while the potential mechanisms are still unclear. Although green tea exhibits common detoxifying properties, its ability to mitigate the toxicity of HBQs still needs to be further deepened and explored. This study attempted to investigate the possible mechanism of the most common HBQ, 2,6-dichloro-1,4-benzoquinone (2,6-DCBQ) induced reproductive toxicity and elucidate the protective effect of green tea using a series of liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS) approaches.

Magnetic Liquid Gating Valve Terminal for Patterned Droplet Generation and Transportation of Highly Viscous Bioactive Fluids.

As an open microfluidic technology with excellent anti-fouling and energy-saving properties, liquid gating technology can selectively separate or transfer multiphase fluids, which has shown great application value in the field of biomedical engineering. However, no study has demonstrated that liquid gating technology has the ability to transfer high-viscosity fluids and biologically active substances, and current liquid gating valves are unable to realize smart-responsive pulsed-patterned transfer, which severely limits their application scope. In this paper, liquid gating technology is combined with magnetically responsive materials to prepare a liquid-based magnetic porous membrane (LMPM) with excellent magnetostatic deformation capability and antifouling properties.

Combinatory electric-field-guided deposition for spatial microparticles patterning.

Spatial deposition and patterning of microparticles are crucial in chemistry, medicine, and biology. Existing technologies like electric force manipulation, despite precise trajectory control, struggle with complex and personalized patterns. Key challenges include adjusting the quantity of particles deposited in different areas and accurately depositing particles in non-continuous patterns.

County-level jail and state-level prison incarceration and cancer mortality in the United States.

This study examined the association of county-level jail and state-level prison incarceration rates and cancer mortality rates in the United States. Incarceration rates (1995-2018) were sourced from national data and categorized into quartiles. County- and state-level mortality rates (2000-2019) with invasive cancer as the underlying cause of death were obtained from the National Vital Statistics System.

Chromosomal Microarray Analysis in Fetuses with Ultrasound Abnormalities.

Objective: To explore and evaluate the value of chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA) in prenatal diagnosis of fetuses with ultrasound abnormalities.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 370 fetuses with ultrasound abnormalities received invasive prenatal diagnosis at Meizhou People's Hospital from October 2022 to December 2023. Fetal specimens were analyzed by CMA, and the detection rates of aneuploidy and pathogenic (P)/likely pathogenic (LP) copy number variations (CNVs) in ultrasound structural abnormalities (malformations of fetal anatomy) and non-structural abnormalities (abnormalities of fetal nonanatomical structure) were analyzed.

Synergistically Engineering Grains and Grain Boundaries toward Li Dendrite-Free LiLaZrO.

Cation-doped cubic LiLaZrO is regarded as a promising solid electrolyte for safe and energy-dense solid-state lithium batteries. However, it suffers from the formation of LiCO and high electronic conductivity, which give rise to an unconformable Li/LiLaZrO interface and lithium dendrites. Herein, composite AlF-LiLaZrTaO solid electrolytes were created based on thermal AlF decomposition and F/O displacement reactions under a high-temperature sintering process.

Polymeric pH-Responsive Metal-Supramolecular Nanoparticles for Synergistic Chemo-Photothermal Therapy.

Stimuli-responsive drug delivery carriers, particularly those exhibiting pH sensitivity, have attracted significant scholarly interest due to their promising potential in anticancer therapeutic applications. This phenomenon can primarily be ascribed to the inherently acidic nature of tumor microenvironments. However, pH-responsive carriers frequently require the incorporation of functional groups or materials sensitive to pH changes.

Effects of Ultrasound-Assisted Soy Lecithin Addition on Rehydration Behavior and Physical Properties of Egg White Protein Powder.

This study investigated the effects of ultrasound-assisted soybean lecithin (SL) on the rehydration behavior and physical properties of egg white protein powder (EWPP) and its ability to enhance the efficacy of EWPP instant solubility. The results of rehydration, including wettability and dispersibility, indicated that ultrasound (200 W)-assisted SL (5 g/L) addition had the shortest wetting time and dispersion time, which were 307.14 ± 7.

The application of THz-TDS in the characterization of Bayan Obo magnetite ore composition.

The application of terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) in the quantitative analysis of major minerals in Bayan Obo magnetite ore was explored. The positive correlation between the optical parameters of the original ore and its iron content is confirmed. The detections of three main iron containing minerals, including magnetite, pyrite, and hematite, were simulated using corresponding reagents.

Effect of crystal-water on the optical and dielectric characteristics of calcium sulfate in the THz band.

The effect of crystal-water contents on the optical properties and dielectric characteristics of calcium sulfate in the THz band is investigated. The complex dielectric constant and conductivity are analyzed using the Drude-Smith model. The refractive index and absorption coefficient are linearly increased with the content of crystal-water, and the corresponding linear fitting lines of R over 0.

Quantitative assessment whole-rock iron content in magnetite protolith based on terahertz time-domain spectroscopy: publisher's note.

This publisher's note serves to correct errors in Appl. Opt.63, 2528 (2024)APOPAI0003-693510.