Construction and Circularly Polarized Luminescence of Thiophene-Based Multiple Helicenes.

Thiophene-based monohelicene (), triple helicenes (), and hexapole helicenes () were synthesized via oxidative photocyclization and cascade Suzuki/intramolecular cyclization as the crucial steps. The enantiomers of , , and exhibited circularly polarized luminescence (CPL), and the luminescence dissymmetry factors () gradually increased from -5.1 × 10 to -2.

High-quality genome of a modern soybean cultivar and resequencing of 547 accessions provide insights into the role of structural variation.

Soybean provides protein, oil and multiple health-related compounds. Understanding the effects of structural variations (SVs) on economic traits in modern breeding is important for soybean improvement. Here we assembled the high-quality genome of modern cultivar Nongdadou2 (NDD2) and identified 25,814 SV-gene pairs compared to 29 reported genomes, with 13 NDD2-private SVs validated in 547 deep-resequencing (average = 18.

Fine-mapping of a major QTL controlling plant height by BSA-seq and transcriptome sequencing in cotton.

GhSOT (GH_D05G3950) plays a negative role in regulating plant height development by modulating the GA signaling. Plant height is an important indicator affecting mechanical harvesting for cotton. Therefore, understanding the genes associated with the plant height is crucial for cotton breeding and production.

Genome-Wide Identification of the Alfin-like Gene Family in Cotton () and the Gene Negatively Regulated Drought and Salt Tolerance.

Alfin-like (AL) is a small plant-specific gene family characterized by a PHD-finger-like structural domain at the C-terminus and a DUF3594 structural domain at the N-terminus, and these genes play prominent roles in plant development and abiotic stress response. In this study, we conducted genome-wide identification and analyzed the AL protein family in cv. NDM8 to assess their response to various abiotic stresses for the first time.

Deepening genomic sequences of 1081 Gossypium hirsutum accessions reveals novel SNPs and haplotypes relevant for practical breeding utility.

Fiber quality is a major breeding goal in cotton, but phenotypically direct selection is often hindered. In this study, we identified fiber quality and yield related loci using GWAS based on 2.97 million SNPs obtained from 10.

The influence of heteroatoms on the circularly polarized luminescence performance of [7]helicene derivatives: aromatic non-aromatic five-membered rings.

Helicenes are promising candidates for circularly polarized luminescence (CPL) materials, although the performance is poor due to the unsatisfactory dissymmetric factor () and fluorescence quantum efficiency (). Herein, the influence of heteroatoms (C, Si, Ge, O, S and Se) on the electronic structures and chiroptical properties of [7]helicene derivatives is systematically investigated using density functional theory (DFT) and time-dependent DFT calculations combined with the thermal vibration correlation function theory. The results reveal that the non-radiative energy consumption processes for helicene systems are closely related to the variation of bond length upon electronic excitation.

Thia[]helicenes with long persistent phosphorescence.

Helicenes with persistent luminescence have received relatively little attention, despite their demonstrated highly efficient intersystem crossing (ISC) from the excited singlet to the triplet state. Herein, we designed a series of -fused aromatics by combining dithieno[2,3-:3',2'-]thiophene (DTT) with annulated benzene fragments, denoted as TB[]H ( = 3-8), to achieve persistent luminescence. Wherein, thia[]helicenes ( = 5-8) exhibited intense phosphorescence with millisecond-range lifetimes () at 77 K.

Pressure effects on both fluorescent emission and charge transport properties of organic semiconductors: a computational study.

External pressure can regulate the photophysical property and charge transport performance of organic semiconductors, however, the underlying mechanism at the microscopic level is still elusive. Using thermal vibrational correlation function coupled quantum mechanics/molecular mechanics and full quantum charge transfer rate theory, we systematically explore the influence of pressure on fluorescence emission and charge transport behaviours of representative cyclooctatetrathiophene (COTh). It is found that, upon pressurization, the intramolecular configurations of COTh became more twisted, leading to the blue-shifted emission.

Identification and Expression Analysis of and Families in Cotton.

Weeds seriously affect the yield and quality of crops. Because manual weeding is time-consuming and laborious, the use of herbicides becomes an effective way to solve the harm caused by weeds in fields. Both 5-enolpyruvyl shikimate-3-phosphate synthetase () and acetyltransferase genes (bialaphos resistance, ) are widely used to improve crop resistance to herbicides.

Construction and Phosphorescence Behavior of S/Se-Heteroaromatics/Phenanthrene-Fused Hetero[9]helicenes.

Three S/Se-hetero[9]helicenes were synthesized by an assembly strategy of two building blocks, phenanthrene and ternary fused S/Se-heteroaromatic ring, and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Their phosphorescence emission gave a long-lived lifetime at the millisecond level. In addition, the high configurational stability of enantiomer (+)- was observed without change under both the conditions of 300 °C in the solid state for 18 h and 200 °C in solution of 1,2-dichlorobenzene for 10 h.

Lysine 2-Hydroxyisobutyrylation- and Succinylation-Based Pathways Act Inside Chloroplasts to Modulate Plant Photosynthesis and Immunity.

Crops must efficiently allocate their limited energy resources to survival, growth and reproduction, including balancing growth and defense. Thus, investigating the underlying molecular mechanism of crop under stress is crucial for breeding. Chloroplasts immunity is an important facet involving in plant resistance and growth, however, whether and how crop immunity modulated by chloroplast is influenced by epigenetic regulation remains unclear.

Genome-wide association study reveals novel SNPs and genes in Gossypium hirsutum underlying Aphis gossypii resistance.

A. gossypii resistance showed great variability in G. hirsutum varieties.

Ornamental plants associated with Buddhist figures in China.

Background: In China, many ornamental plants associated with Buddhist figures, including the Sakyamuni, Bodhisattva, and Arhat, were grown and worshiped because of their cultural and religious significance. However, the systematic collation and ethnobotanical information about these culturally important plants have yet to be fully understood.

Methods: Online information was collected from 93 e-commercial platforms for ornamental plants all over China.

Transcriptome, Ectopic Expression and Genetic Population Analysis Identify Candidate Genes for Fiber Quality Improvement in Cotton.

Comparative transcriptome analysis of fiber tissues between and could reveal the molecular mechanisms underlying high-quality fiber formation and identify candidate genes for fiber quality improvement. In this study, 759 genes were found to be strongly upregulated at the elongation stage in , which showed four distinct expression patterns (I-IV). Among them, the 346 genes of group IV stood out in terms of the potential to promote fiber elongation, in which we finally identified 42 elongation-related candidate genes by comparative transcriptome analysis between and .

-like genes of promote flowering targeting different loci in a concentration-dependent manner.

genes are famous for their function in the morphological novelty of bisexual flowers. Although the diverse functions of genes were reported, only the regulatory mechanisms underlying floral organ development have been addressed. In this study, we identified -like genes in and found that genes were duplicated in diploid cotton varieties.

Dragon-Boat-Type Heptathienoacenes: Synthesis, Structures, and Their Applications in OFETs.

A novel synthetic strategy for efficient construction of dragon-boat-type heptathienoacenes (s) via the α-β position carbon-carbon cross-coupling between two dithienothiophenes is employed. Their crystal structures are confirmed by X-ray single-crystal analysis. The first thin film FET devices of heptathienoacenes are fabricated using OTS-treated SiO/Si substrates, in which -based devices exhibit an unprecedented highest hole mobility value of 1.

Thiophene/selenophene-based S-shaped double helicenes: regioselective synthesis and structures.

2,5-Di(trimethylsilanyl)dithieno[2,3-:3',2'-]thiophene ((TMS)--), 2,5-di(trimethylsilanyl)diseleno[2,3-:3',2'-]thiophene ((TMS)--), and 2,5-di(trimethylsilanyl)diseleno[2,3-:3',2'-] selenophene ((TMS)--) were used as starting materials to synthesize three S-shaped double helicenes (i.e., -, -, and -) through monobromination, formylation, the Wittig reaction, and double oxidative photocyclization.

Comparison of SWEET gene family between maize and foxtail millet through genomic, transcriptomic, and proteomic analyses.

Foxtail millet [Setaria italica (L.) P. Beauv.

Synthesis and crystal structures of unsymmetrical wave-shaped heptathienoacenes.

Three unsymmetrical wave-shaped heptathienoacenes (UHT-1, UHT-2 and UHT-3) with sulfur atoms at different isomeric locations in the two terminal thiophene rings were designed and synthesized. The synthetic strategy contains two crucial steps, including the cross-coupling of two different dithienothiophene isomers (DTT) from dithieno[2,3-:3',2'-]thiophene (-DTT), dithieno[2,3-:2',3'-]thiophene (-DTT) and dithieno[2,3-:3',4'-]thiophene (-DTT) as building blocks through the Negishi coupling and intramolecular cyclization reactions with (SnBu)S. X-ray crystal structures of UHT-1, UHT-2 and UHT-3 show that the molecules adopt a wave-shaped geometry with multiple intermolecular interactions, such as S-S, S-C and S-H, which result in different crystal packing patterns.

Predictors of family caregiving burden of persons with schizophrenia with and without transition of primary caregivers from 1994 to 2015 in rural China.

Background: Little is known about how sociodemographic and clinical factors affect the caregiving burden of persons with schizophrenia (PwSs) with transition in primary caregivers.

Aims: This study aimed to examine the predictive effects of sociodemographic and clinical factors on the caregiving burden of PwSs with and without caregiver transition from 1994 to 2015 in rural China.

Method: Using panel data, 206 dyads of PwSs and their primary caregivers were investigated in both 1994 and 2015.

Family caregiving and chronic illness management in schizophrenia: positive and negative aspects of caregiving.

Background: We aimed to explore the long-term caregiving experiences of family caregivers of people with schizophrenia (PwS) in terms of both positive and negative aspects.

Method: Utilising a purposive sampling method, we conducted in-depth interviews with 20 family caregivers of persons who had suffered from schizophrenia for more than 20 years. We empirically investigated their retrospective experiences of caregiver-patient interactions during a long period of family caregiving.

Development and Utilization of Functional Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR Markers for Key Genes Underpinning Fiber Length and Strength in L.

Fiber length (FL) and fiber strength (FS) are the important indicators of fiber quality in cotton. Longer and stronger fibers are preferred for manufacturing finer yarns in the textile industry. Functional markers (FMs) designed from polymorphic sites within gene sequences attributing to phenotypic variation are highly efficient when used for marker-assisted selection (MAS) in breeding superior varieties with longer FL and higher FS.

Isoforms from the Phytocyanin Gene Family Regulated Verticillium Wilt Resistance in Cotton.

Verticillium wilt (VW), a fungal disease caused by , currently devastates cotton fiber yield and quality seriously, yet few resistance germplasm resources have been discovered in . The cotton variety Nongda601 with suitable VW resistance and high yield was developed in our lab, which supplied elite resources for discovering resistant genes. Early nodulin-like protein (ENODL) is mainly related to nodule formation, and its role in regulating defense response has been seldom studied.