A population-based analysis of the global burden of epilepsy across all age groups (1990-2021): utilizing the Global Burden of Disease 2021 data.

Objective: To investigate the trends in epilepsy prevalence, incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) in all ages, with risk factors for epilepsy - associated death, from 1990 to 2021.

Methods: Using the standardized Global Burden of Disease (GBD) methodologies, we evaluated the burden of epilepsy in 204 countries and regions from 1990 to 2021, aiming to derive a more precise representation of the health burden posed by epilepsy by considering four distinct types of epidemiological data, namely the prevalence, incidence, mortality, and DALYs. The presented data were meticulously estimated and displayed both as numerical counts and as age-standardized rates per 100,000 persons of the population.

Expert consensus on sequential surgery following conversion therapy based on combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors and antiangiogenic targeted drugs for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (2024 edition).

Up to half of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cases are diagnosed at an advanced stage, for which effective treatment options are lacking, resulting in a poor prognosis. Over the past few years, the combination of immune checkpoint inhibitors and anti-angiogenic targeted therapy has proven highly efficacious in treating advanced HCC, significantly extending patients' survival and providing a potential for sequential curative surgery. After sequential curative hepatectomy or liver transplantation following conversion therapy, patients can receive long-term survival benefits.

Innovative strategies to optimise colorectal cancer immunotherapy through molecular mechanism insights.

Background: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally. The heterogeneity of the tumor microenvironment significantly influences patient prognosis, while the diversity of tumor cells shapes its unique characteristics. A comprehensive analysis of the molecular profile of tumor cells is crucial for identifying novel molecular targets for drug sensitivity analysis and for uncovering the pathophysiological mechanisms underlying CRC.

Age at onset mediates genetic impact on disease severity in facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy.

Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy type 1 (FSHD1) patients exhibit marked variability in both age at onset (AAO) and disease severity. Early onset FSHD1 patients are at an increased risk of severe weakness, and early onset has been tentatively linked to the length of D4Z4 repeat units (RUs) and methylation levels. The present study explored potential relationships among genetic characteristics, AAO and disease severity in FSHD1.

Identification of crucial LncRNAs associated with testicular development and LOC108635509 as a potential regulator in black goat spermatogenesis.

The establishment and maintenance of spermatogenesis is a complex process involving a vast of regulatory pathways. There is growing evidence revealing that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNA) play important roles in regulating testicular development and spermatogenesis in a stage-specific way. However, our understanding of how lncRNA regulates testicular development and spermatogenesis in black goats is quite limited.

One-Step Construction of 2-Methylquinazolin-4(3)-ones Using Solid Calcium Carbide as an Alternative to Gaseous Acetylene.

2-Methylquinazolin-4(3)-ones were efficiently constructed using solid calcium carbide as an alkyne source, 2-aminobenzamides or 2-aminobenzohydrazides as substrates, and -tolylsulfonyl azide as a mediator through simultaneous formation of two C-N bonds in one step. The salient features of this protocol are the use of an inexpensive, abundant and easy-to-use alkyne source as a substitute for flammable and explosive gaseous acetylene, low-cost catalyst, wide substrate scope, satisfactory yield, and simple manipulation. This method can also be extended to gram scale.

Enhanced Acidic Oxygen Evolution Reaction Performance by Anchoring Iridium Oxide Nanoparticles on CoO.

The sluggish kinetics of the anodic process, known as the oxygen evolution reaction (OER), has posed a significant challenge for the practical application of proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers in industrial settings. This study introduces a high-performance OER catalyst by anchoring iridium oxide nanoparticles (IrO) onto a cobalt oxide (CoO) substrate via a two-step combustion method. The resulting IrO@CoO catalyst demonstrates a significant enhancement in both catalytic activity and stability in acidic environments.

Subspace identification method-based setpoints tracking control and its applications to the column cleaning process.

As the last subprocess of copper flotation processes, the column cleaning process plays a decisive role in the tailing copper grade (TCG) and concentrate copper grade (CCG), which are the important factors in determining comprehensive economic indicators. Therefore, the problem of setpoints tracking control of TCG and CCG is particularly important. However, the unknown parameters in the column cleaning process bring great challenges to the problem of setpoints tracking.

Rectangular Improvement Method for Plan View Pattern of Plates During the Angular Rolling Process.

The effect of the angular rolling process on the plan view pattern of a plate was studied, and the rectangular influencing factors and improvement methods for this process were proposed in this paper. DEFORM (v11.0) finite element software was used to simulate the processes of conventional rolling and angular rolling, and the degree of rectangularity of plates under different rolling process conditions was compared.

Advanced imidazole-functionalized metal-organic framework-based dual-mode sensor for rapid detection of FLU pesticide residues in food.

In this study, an advanced imidazole-functionalized 2D metal-organic framework (HBU-169), {[Cd(L)HO](HO)}·(4HO)·(DMF) was presented, which possesses both fluorescent properties and oxidase-like activity. HBU-169 demonstrates the ability to detect fluazinam (FLU) via fluorescent and colorimetric modes. In the fluorescent mode, a pronounced fluorescence quenching is observed, with the limit of detection (LOD) of 1.

Cultivar and origin authentication of 'Fuji' and 'gala' apples from two dominant origins of China based on quality attributes.

Apple quality is closely related to its cultivar and origin. However, the apple quality characteristics of different cultivars and origins are unclear. The hypothesis that some quality indicators can effectively distinguish the cultivar and origin of apples.

Percutaneous hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy with oxaliplatin and fluoropyrimidines in treatment-resistant colorectal cancer patients with unresectable liver metastases: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Subsequent lines of therapy for chemotherapy-resistant metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) have shown limited efficacy. Herein, we retrospectively investigated the efficacy and safety of hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy (HAIC) using oxaliplatin plus 5-FU/FUDR in patients with unresectable colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) who progressed following standard chemotherapy regimens.

Methods: From March 2017 to April 2023, CRC patients with unresectable CRLM who progressed following standard chemotherapy and subsequently received HAIC oxaliplatin plus 5-FU/FUDR were evaluated.

Machine learning-based dynamic predictive models for prognosis and treatment decisions in patients with liver metastases from gastric cancer.

Gastric cancer with liver metastasis (GCLM) often has a poor prognosis. Therefore, it is crucial to identify risk factors affecting their overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS). This study aimed to construct practical machine learning models to predict survival time and help clinicians choose appropriate treatments.

[Analysis of a Chinese pedigree with female infertility due to WEE2 gene c.495del homozygous frameshifting variant induced fertilization disorder].

Objective: To explore the genetic basis for a patient with repeated fertilization failure during assisted reproductive therapy, and to identify the source and mode of mutation.

Methods: A couple treated at the Center for Reproductive Medicine, Gansu Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital in January 2024 for infertility with incomplete left tube obstruction was selected as the study subject. Relevant clinical data was collected.

A novel nanomedicine integrating ferroptosis and photothermal therapy, well-suitable for PD-L1-mediated immune checkpoint blockade.

Immunotherapy based on immune checkpoint blockade has emerged as a promising treatment strategy; however, the therapeutic efficacy is limited by the immunosuppressive microenvironment. Here, we developed a novel immune-activated nanoparticle (Fc-SS-Fe/Cu) to address the issue of insufficient immune infiltration. Specifically, the structure of Fc-SS-Fe/Cu collapsed in response to the tumor microenvironment, the ferrocene and disulfide bonds and the released Fe/Cu ions can effectively generate ·OH and deplete GSH to increase oxidative stress, thereby inducing ferroptosis.

Identification of Circulating Proteins Associated With Blood Pressure.

Background: Circulating proteins in blood are involved in various physiological processes, but their contributions to blood pressure regulation remain partially understood. In traditional observational studies, identifying circulating proteins causally associated with blood pressure is challenging because of potentially unmeasured confounding and possible reverse causality.

Methods: Two-sample Mendelian randomization analyses were conducted to estimate the causal effects of 2270 circulating proteins (data sourced from 8 genome-wide association studies) on diastolic blood pressure, systolic blood pressure, and pulse pressure.

Single high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation and intermittent theta pulse stimulation promote working memory behavior in participants: An event-related potential study.

Objective: Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) to the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (L-DLPFC) has an improving effect in cognitive function, but it is still not clear in what specific cognitive domains. We here combined a single session of TMS (HF-rTMS/iTBS) with electroencephalography (EEG) to clarify the effects of magnetic stimulation techniques on executive function, working memory, and visuospatial attention in healthy participants, and to investigate the underlying neurophysiological mechanisms.

Methods: Fifty-one healthy participants were randomly assigned to three stimulation groups (HF-rTMS, iTBS, and sham groups).

An in vitro biomechanical evaluation of integrated lateral plate combined with oblique lateral interbody fusion in different bone conditions.

Oblique lateral interbody fusion (OLIF) is a minimally invasive surgery for the treatment of lumbar degenerative diseases (LDD). Under normal bone mass(NB), supplemental with lateral plate (LP) fixation has been proven to provide stability and reduce complications. However, it is unclear whether OLIF combined with LP fixation can achieve satisfactory fixation effects in cases of osteoporosis(OP) or osteopenia (OS)? In this study, Eighteen L3-5 spinal specimens from 3 to 6 months old fresh calves were equally divided into 3 groups: group A (NB), group B (OS) and group C (OP).

Onion-like carbon based single-atom iron nanozyme for photothermal and catalytic synergistic antibacterial application.

Nanozymes with oxidase (OXD)-like activity have emerged as promising antibacterial agents due to their capability of catalyzing atmospheric O to generate highly active free radicals. However, the precise engineering of functional nanozyme at the atomic level for antibacterial therapy presents a challenge. Here, atomically dispersed Fe atoms were loaded onto onion-like carbon (OLC) through a ligand-assisted calcination strategy, yielding a single-atom nanozyme (FeSA-OLC) with enhanced oxidase-like activity.

Regulating socketed geometry of nanoparticles on perovskite oxide supports for enhanced stability in oxidation reactions.

Heterogeneous catalysts with highly dispersed active particles on supports often face stability challenges during high-temperature industrial applications. The ex-solution strategy, which involves in situ extrusion of metals to form socketed particles, shows potential for addressing this stability issue. However, a deeper understanding of the relationship between the socketed geometry of these partially embedded nanoparticles and their catalytic performance is still lacking.

The links between dietary diversity and RNA virus diversity harbored by the great evening bat (Ia io).

Background: Predator‒prey interactions and their dynamic changes provide frequent opportunities for viruses to spread among organisms and thus affect their virus diversity. However, the connections between dietary diversity and virus diversity in predators have seldom been studied. The avivorous bats, Ia io, show a seasonal pattern of dietary diversity.

Occlusal parameters and wear of artificial teeth in complete dentures with lingualized versus bilateral balanced occlusion: a randomized clinical trial.

Objective: This study aimed to assess the occlusal contact area (OCA), occlusal contact number (OCN), bite force, and artificial tooth wear in complete dentures with lingualized and bilateral balanced occlusion.

Methods: Edentulous participants who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were divided into the three groups as follows: group I, dentures with lingualized occlusion using interpenetrating polymer network artificial teeth; group II, dentures with lingualized occlusion using double cross-linked artificial teeth; and group III, dentures with bilateral balanced occlusion using anatomical micro-hybrid resin teeth. The silicone techniques were used to assess the OCA and OCN of the mandibular dentures and the Dental Prescale II was used to evaluate the bite force at the 2-week, 3-month, and 12-month follow-up visits.