Historical inventories and future scenarios of multiple hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) emissions from the iron and steel production industry in China.

Iron and steel production (ISP) is one of significant atmospheric pollution emission sources in China. With the implementation of ultra-low emission (ULE) standards, a detailed and new updated emission inventory is urgently needed for better understanding of the temporal trends and spatial variation of emission characteristics. In this study, a unit-based comprehensive emission inventory of multiple hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) for the Chinese ISP spanned from 2012 to 2021, including the conventional pollutants, 13 kinds of Trace elements as well as 2 unconventional but toxic pollutants (PCDD/Fs, F), was dedicatedly developed by integrating dynamic localized emission factors with unit-based information of both the detailed activity level and abatement technology application.

Automatic periodical negative air ions reduce postharvest decay and maintain texture and flavor quality of 'Fuji' apple during long-term cold storage.

The aim of this study was to explore the effect of periodical negative air ions (NAI) on the quality of 'Fuji' apple fruit after treatment at 0, 30, 60, and 90 min every 4 weeks. NAI for 60 min decreased weight loss, mitigated decay, and maintained hardness of the apple fruit during the 40 weeks of storage. Treatment of fruits with NAI for 60 min enhanced the apple defense ability against pathogens by maintaining the cell wall integrity and improving the related-enzyme activities as well as accumulation of total phenols and flavonoids.

Improving rice quality through biochar application in China: A meta-analysis.

Purpose: This research investigates the effects of biochar application on rice quality through a comprehensive meta-analysis, aiming to elucidate the ambiguous impacts of biochar on rice quality indicators and providing a comprehensive quantitative evaluation to inform sustainable agricultural practices and the practical application of biochar in rice cultivation.

Design/methodology/approach: Utilizing a systematic meta-analysis, this study extracts 934 pairs of observations from 28 different studies. It integrates data to assess the overarching impact of biochar on rice quality, with a specific focus on ten essential quality indicators: brown rice rate, milled rice rate, head rice rate, chalky rice rate, degree of chalkiness, length-width ratio, amylose content, protein content, gel consistency, and eating quality score.

Inhibits the Growth of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells via Cross-Species Regulation of .

Liver fibrosis, a critical precursor to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), results from chronic liver injury and significantly contributes to HCC progression. Schistosomiasis, a neglected tropical disease, is known to cause liver fibrosis; however, this process can be modulated by schistosome-derived miRNAs. Previous studies from our laboratory have demonstrated that extracellular vesicles (EVs) deliver to hepatic stellate cells, leading to the inhibition of expression and alleviation of liver fibrosis.

Heterogeneous evolution and driving forces of multiple hazardous air pollutants and GHGs emissions from China's primary aluminum industry.

The booming of China's primary aluminum industry (PAI) brought substantial emissions of hazardous air pollutants (HAPs) and greenhouse gases (GHGs). By using life cycle assessment and bottom-up method, a comprehensive emission inventory for multiple typical HAPs and GHGs from China's PAI during 1990-2021 was developed and explored for the first time. Our results show that spatial-temporal emissions trends of HAPs and GHGs from PAI in China diverse significantly.

Perspectives on Advancing Multimodal Learning in Environmental Science and Engineering Studies.

The environment faces increasing anthropogenic impacts, resulting in a rapid increase in environmental issues that undermine the natural capital essential for human wellbeing. These issues are complex and often influenced by various factors represented by data with different modalities. While machine learning (ML) provides data-driven tools for addressing the environmental issues, the current ML models in environmental science and engineering (ES&E) often neglect the utilization of multimodal data.

Kinetics of uptake, translocation, and metabolism of organophosphate esters in japonica rice (Oryza sativa L.): Hydroponic experiment combined with model.

Hydroponics combined with fugacity model was employed to investigate the kinetics of uptake, accumulation, and metabolism of organophosphate esters (OPEs) by japonica rice. The time-dependent process for uptake and accumulation of 5 OPEs and their diester-metabolites in both rice root and shoot fitted well with the pseudo-first-order kinetic model. The peak OPE accumulations in rice root and shoot were significantly positively or negatively correlated with their octanol-water partition coefficient (logK) respectively, but not for their apparent accumulation rates.

Combination of transcriptomic, biochemical, and physiological analyses reveals sugar metabolism in fruit at different developmental stages.

, a significant woody oil crop in southern China, produces oil from its fruit seeds. Understanding sugar metabolism enzyme regulation is crucial for sugar accumulation and oil synthesis in fruit organs. This study examines the dynamic changes in sugar metabolism across four developmental stages of fruits, from rapid fruit enlargement to oil conversion.

Distinct Species-Specific and Toxigenic Metabolic Profiles for 6PPD and 6PPD Quinone by P450 Enzymes: Insights from and Studies.

The tire rubber antioxidant -(1,3-dimethylbutyl)--phenyl--phenylenediamine (6PPD) and its quinone product (6PPDQ) are prevalent emerging contaminants, yet their biotransformation profiles remain poorly understood, hampering the assessment of environmental and health risks. This study investigated the phase-I metabolism of 6PPD and 6PPDQ across aquatic and mammalian species through liver microsome (LM) incubations and simulations. A total of 40 metabolites from seven pathways were identified using the highly sensitive nano-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry.

[Analysis of influencing factors of early femoral head necrosis after femoral neck fracture and construction of nomogram prediction model].

Objective: To explore the risk factors of early femoral head necrosis in patients with femoral neck fracture after operation, and to establish a nomogram prediction model.

Methods: A total of 167 patients with femoral neck fracture from January 2020 to April 2022 were selected and divided into necrosis group and non-necrosis group according to whether femoral head necrosis occurred in the early postoperative period. There were 21 males and 17 females in the necrosis group, aged from 33 to 72 years old, with an average of (53.

Ag-thiolate interactions to enable an ultrasensitive and stretchable MXene strain sensor with high temporospatial resolution.

High-sensitivity strain sensing elements with a wide strain range, fast response, high stability, and small sensing areas are desirable for constructing strain sensor arrays with high temporospatial resolution. However, current strain sensors rely on crack-based conductive materials having an inherent tradeoff between their sensing area and performance. Here, we present a molecular-level crack modulation strategy in which we use layer-by-layer assembly to introduce strong, dynamic, and reversible coordination bonds in an MXene and silver nanowire-matrixed conductive film.

Effects of Ratoon Rice Cropping Patterns on Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Yield in Double-Season Rice Regions.

The ratoon rice cropping pattern is an alternative to the double-season rice cropping pattern in central China due to its comparable annual yield and relatively lower cost and labor requirements. However, the impact of the ratoon rice cropping pattern on greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and yields in the double-season rice region requires further investigation. Here, we compared two cropping patterns, fallow-double season rice (DR) and fallow-ratoon rice (RR), by using two early-season rice varieties (ZJZ17, LY287) and two late-season rice varieties (WY103, TY390) for DR, and two ratoon rice varieties (YLY911, LY6326) for RR.

Unraveling Mechanism for Microstructure Engineering toward High-Capacity Nickel-Rich Cathode Materials.

Microstructural engineering on nickel-rich layered oxide (NRLO) cathode materials is considered a promising approach to increase both the capacity and lifespan of lithium-ion batteries by introducing high valence-state elements. However, rational regulation on NRLO microstructures based on a deep understanding of its capacity enhancement mechanism remains challenging. Herein for the first time, it is demonstrated that an increase of 14 mAh g in reversible capacity at the first cycle can be achieved via tailoring the micro and nano structure of NRLO through introducing tungsten.

R3 strain and Fe-Mn modified biochar reduce Cd absorption capacity of roots and available Cd content of soil by affecting rice rhizosphere and endosphere key flora.

Microorganisms have a significant role in regulating the absorption and transportation of Cd in the soil-plant system. However, the mechanism by which key microbial taxa play a part in response to the absorption and transportation of Cd in rice under Cd stress requires further exploration. In this study, the cadmium-tolerant endophytic bacterium Herbaspirillum sp.

Design of Solid Polycationic Electrolyte to Enable Durable Chloride-Ion Batteries.

The high energy density and cost-effectiveness of chloride-ion batteries (CIBs) make them promising alternatives to lithium-ion batteries. However, the development of CIBs is greatly restricted by the lack of compatible electrolytes to support cost-effective anodes. Herein, we present a rationally designed solid polycationic electrolyte (SPE) to enable room-temperature chloride-ion batteries utilizing aluminum (Al) metal as an anode.

Sja-let-7 suppresses the development of liver fibrosis via Schistosoma japonicum extracellular vesicles.

Schistosomiasis is a fatal zoonotic parasitic disease that also threatens human health. The main pathological features of schistosomiasis are granulomatous inflammation and subsequent liver fibrosis, which is a complex, chronic, and progressive disease. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from schistosome eggs are broadly involved in host-parasite communication and act as important contributors to schistosome-induced liver fibrosis.

Cinematic rendering improves the AO/OTA classification of distal femur fractures compared to volume rendering: a retrospective single-center study.

Correctly classifying distal femur fractures is essential for surgical treatment planning and patient prognosis. This study assesses the potential of Cinematic Rendering (CR) in classifying these fractures, emphasizing its reported ability to produce more realistic images than Volume Rendering (VR). Data from 88 consecutive patients with distal femoral fractures collected between July 2013 and July 2020 were included.

The Printability, Microstructure, and Mechanical Properties of FeMnCoCr High-Entropy Alloys Fabricated by Laser Powder Bed Fusion Additive Manufacturing.

This work investigated the effect of Fe/Mn ratio on the microstructure and mechanical properties of non-equimolar FeMnCoCr ( = 30% and 50%) high-entropy alloys (HEAs) fabricated by laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) additive manufacturing. Process optimization was conducted to achieve fully dense FeMnCoCr and FeMnCoCr HEAs using a volumetric energy density of 105.82 J·mm.

Sja-Let-7 Attenuates Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Liver Fibrosis in a Mouse Model via Col1α2.

Liver fibrosis (LF) is a chronic progressive disease with no definitive treatment. The aim of this study was to assess helminth-derived molecules as potential therapeutic targets to prevent or reverse LF. A mouse model of carbon tetrachloride (CCL)-induced LF was established and sja-let-7 was overexpressed by treatment with a miRNA agomir once per week.

Soil bacterial community composition in rice-turtle coculture systems with different planting years.

The rice-turtle coculture system is the most special rice-fish integrated farming system. In this study, we selected four paddy fields, including a rice monoculture paddy and three rice-turtle paddies with different planting years, to investigate the soil bacterial community composition with Illumina MiSeq sequencing technology. The results indicated that the contents of soil available nitrogen (AN), soil available phosphorus (AP) and soil organic matter (OM) in 9th year of rice-turtle paddy (RT9) were increased by 5.

Molecular and functional characterization of Schistosoma japonicum annexin A13.

Schistosomiasis is a neglected tropical disease that affects humans and animals in tropical and subtropical regions worldwide. Schistosome eggs are responsible for the pathogenesis and transmission of schistosomiasis, thus reducing egg production is vital for prevention and control of schistosomiasis. However, the mechanisms underlying schistosome reproduction remain unclear.

Microvascular activation and exocytosis after exposure to the serum from mismatched recipients by using donor microvascular cultures.

Background: Microvascular injury resulting from activation and exocytosis are early signs of tissue damage caused by allografting. However, humoral anti-graft reactions are not easily detectable in transplant biopsies. The aim of this study was to establish a bioassay to recapitulate this process in a prospective approach.

Extracellular vesicle-packaged circBIRC6 from cancer-associated fibroblasts induce platinum resistance via SUMOylation modulation in pancreatic cancer.

Background: Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) play pivotal roles in chemoresistance of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). However, the underlying mechanisms are poorly understood. Revealing the cross-talk network between tumor stroma and pancreatic cancer and developing effective strategies against oxaliplatin resistance are highly desired in the clinic.