GNG2 inhibits brain metastases from colorectal cancer via PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.

G-protein gamma subunit 2 (GNG2) plays a vital role in various cellular processes, yet its specific function in colorectal cancer (CRC), particularly in highly invasive cases and brain metastasis, remains unclear. This study identifies GNG2 as a key regulator in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) through bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation. Functional enrichment analyses reveal that GNG2 is related to the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and cell cycle regulation.

An ultra-fast reaction process for recycling lithium ion batteries galvanic cell interaction.

The efficient realization of a closed-loop process is an ultimate goal for reusing spent lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), yet the complicated recycling processes of leaching and purification in an acid atmosphere are totally different compared with the regeneration method of the cathode precursor in alkali solution, inevitably resulting in the redundant consumption of acid/ammonia solutions and increased burden for a green environment. Herein, considering the advantages of selective extraction and similar chemical surroundings for recovery and regeneration, ammonia-leaching has been proposed to achieve short-process closed-loop recycling with effective impurity removal. Particularly, benefiting from the galvanic cell interaction, the sluggish reaction rate and relatively harsh reaction conditions of ammonia-leaching are well addressed.

Interface optimization mechanism and quantitative analysis of hybrid graphite anode for fast-charging lithium-ion batteries.

Due to the inherent characteristics of traditional graphite anode material, its lithium diffusion kinetic is significantly constrained, easily leading to a noticeable capacity degradation during rapid charge/discharge cycling. Although modifying the graphite by mixing the hard carbon can effectively enhance its fast-charging performance, yet the underlying mechanism of improvement effect and structure design of interface are still needed to further investigate. To address this research gap, hard carbon-coated graphite (HCCG) material has been designed and synthesized through simple interface engineering, which is aimed to explore and elucidate the optimization mechanisms on fast-charging performance from the graphite interface perspective.

Interfacial Robustness and Improved Kinetics of Single-Crystal Ni-Rich Co-Free Cathodes Enabled by Surface Crystal-Facet Modulation.

The elimination of Co from Ni-rich layered cathodes is critical to reduce the production cost and increase the energy density for sustainable development. Herein, a delicate strategy of crystal-facet modulation is designed and explored, which is achieved by simultaneous Al/W-doping into the precursors, while the surface role of the crystal-facet is intensively revealed. Unlike traditional studies on crystal structure growth along a certain direction, this work modulates the crystal-facet at the nanoscale based on the effect of W-doping dynamic migration with surface energy, successfully constructing the core-shell (003)/(104) facet surface.

Ultrasound probe enhanced enzymatic hydrolysis for rapid separation of β-adrenergic agonists from animal urine and livestock wastewater: Applicability to biomonitoring investigation.

Background: An increasing number of β-adrenergic agonists are illicitly used for growth promoting and lean meat increasing in animal husbandry in recent years, but the development of analytical methods has lagged behind these emerging drugs.

Results: Here, we designed and developed an ultrasound probe enhanced enzymatic hydrolysis reactor for quick separation and simultaneously quantification of 22 β-adrenergic agonists in animal urine and livestock wastewater. Owing to the enhancement of the conventional enzymatic digestion through the ultrasound acoustic probe power, only 2 min was required for the comprehensively separation of β-adrenergic agonists from the sample matrices, making it a much more desirable alternative tool for high-throughput investigation.

Strengthening the interfacial stability of single-crystal LiNiCoMnO cathode with multiple-function surface modification.

The instability in the structural integrity caused by interfacial issues is commonly regarded as the primary drawback of Ni-rich layered cathode materials (LiNiCoMnO, where x  ≥ 0.8), which must be addressed before their commercial application. Herein, a novel multiple-function surface modification strategy is proposed based on the single crystal structure to in-situ achieve the construction of a coating layer and surface doping with Ce element to enhance the structural stability of the LiNiCoMnO (NCM).

Trace analysis of 20 antihistamines in milk by ultrahigh performance liquid chromatography coupled with high field quadrupole orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry followed dispersive micro solid phase extraction.

Ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography coupled with high-field quadrupole Orbitrap high resolution mass spectrometry was used for the separation and determination of 20 antihistamines, and a dispersive micro solid-phase extraction procedure using high-performance absorbing material was developed as a sample preparation strategy for extracting 20 antihistamines from milk. Instrument conditions and key parameters influencing extraction efficiency were investigated to obtain an optimized method. The limit of detection for 20 antihistamines in milk using this method is 0.

Optimized In Situ Doping Strategy Stabling Single-Crystal Ultrahigh-Nickel Layered Cathode Materials.

Single-crystal Ni-rich cathodes offer promising prospects in mitigating intergranular microcracks and side reaction issues commonly encountered in conventional polycrystalline cathodes. However, the utilization of micrometer-sized single-crystal particles has raised concerns about sluggish Li diffusion kinetics and unfavorable structural degradation, particularly in high Ni content cathodes. Herein, we present an innovative in situ doping strategy to regulate the dominant growth of characteristic planes in the single-crystal precursor, leading to enhanced mechanical properties and effectively tackling the challenges posed by ultrahigh-nickel layered cathodes.

Unravelling bioaccumulation, depletion and metabolism of organophosphate triesters in laying hens: Insight of in vivo biotransformation assisted by diester metabolites.

Organophosphate triesters (tri-OPEs) threaten human health through dietary exposure, but little is known about their feed-to-food transfer and in vivo behavior in farm animals. Herein 135 laying hens were fed with contaminated feed (control group, low-level group and high-level group) to elucidate the bioaccumulation, distribution, and metabolism of the six most commonly reported tri-OPEs. The storage (breast muscle), metabolism and mobilization (liver and blood) and non-invasive (feather) tissues were collected.

Strong Oxidizing Molten Salts for Strengthening Structural Restoration Enabling Direct Regeneration of Spent Layered Cathode.

As a mainstream technology for recycling spent lithium-ion batteries, direct regeneration is rapidly developed due to its high efficiency and green characteristics. However, efficient reuse of spent LiNiCoMn O cathode is still a significant challenge, as the rock salt/spinel phase on the surface hinders the Li replenishment and phase transformation to the layered structure. In this work, the fundamental understanding of the repair mechanism is confirmed that the oxidizing atmosphere is the crucial factor that can greatly improve the rate and degree of phase restoration.

Multi-residue determination of five quinoxalines and three their metabolites in poultry feathers and its application for depletions of olaquindox and quincetone in chickens.

A method for the simultaneous determination of eight quinoxalines and their metabolites in poultry feathers was developed in this study using ultra-performance liquid chromatography combine with quadrupole linear ion trap electrostatic field orbit trap high resolution mass spectrometer. Specificity, matrix effect, linearity, trueness, repeatability, reproducibility, and stability using the Commission of the European Communities, Regulation (EU) 2021/808. The correlation coefficients were all greater than 0.

Cobalt/aluminum co-substitution in a LiNiMnO layered cathode for improving kinetics.

We report the improved kinetic mechanism of a nickel-rich LiNiMnCoAlO cathode. The important role of Co/Al in inhibiting cation disorder to increase the lithium ion diffusion rate is revealed. Impressively, it retains an excellent capacity retention of 76.

Multiresidue Determination of 26 Quinolones in Poultry Feathers Using UPLC-MS/MS and Their Application in Residue Monitoring.

As a non-traditional sample matrix, feather samples can be used to effectively monitor antibiotic addition and organismal residue levels in poultry feeding. Therefore, an ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) method was developed to simultaneously determine the residue levels of 26 quinolones in poultry feathers. The feather samples were extracted by sonication with a 1% formic acid and acetonitrile mixture in a water bath at 50 °C for 30 min, purified by the adsorption of multiple matrix impurities, dried with nitrogen, redissolved, and analyzed by UPLC-MS/MS.

Glucose oxidase as an alternative to antibiotic growth promoters improves the immunity function, antioxidative status, and cecal microbiota environment in white-feathered broilers.

This study aimed to demonstrate the effects of glucose oxidase (GOD) on broilers as a potential antibiotic substitute. A total of four hundred twenty 1-day-old male Cobb500 broilers were randomly assigned into five dietary treatments, each with six replicates (12 chicks per replicate). The treatments included two control groups (a basal diet and a basal diet with 50 mg/kg aureomycin) and three GOD-additive groups involving three different concentrations of GOD.

Simultaneous determination of 10 first-generation histamine h1 receptor blockers in feeds by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography triple quadrupole ion trap hybrid mass spectrometer.

A method for simultaneous determination of 10 first-generation histamine H1 receptor blockers in feeds by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography triple quadrupole mass spectrometry combined with solid phase extraction. Instrument conditions, extraction solvents, and purification methods have been optimized. Under the optimum conditions, these analytes were separated effectively at 6 min.

Quick and high-throughput quantification of 22 β-agonists residues in animal-derived foods using enzymatic probe sonication.

A high demand exists in veterinary drug residual analysis for rapid, automatic and high-throughput analytical techniques that produce data simultaneous and faster. Here, we describe a combined automated solid-phase extraction (SPE) and enzymatic probe sonication (EPS), subsequently ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) for the quick extraction, automated clean-up as well as simultaneous quantification of 22 β-agonists residues in animal-derived foods. Enhanced by the ultrasonic probe, only 2 min was needed for exhaustively extraction of β-agonists from foods of animal-origin; whereas traditional enzymatic digestion methods require hours or even days, which making it more appropriate for high-throughput biomonitoring.

Simultaneous Determination of 11 Mycotoxins in Maize via Multiple-Impurity Adsorption Combined with Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry.

In this study, multiple-impurity adsorption purification (MIA) technologies and liquid chromatography−tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) were used to establish a method for detecting 11 mycotoxins in maize. The conditions for mass spectrometry and MIA were optimized. Maize was extracted with 70% acetonitrile solution, enriched, and purified using MIA technologies, and then, analyzed via LC-MS/MS.

Effect of Germination on the Avenanthramide Content of Oats and Their in Vitro Antisensitivity Activities.

In this study, a method, based on an ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled with high-field quadrupole orbitrap high-resolution mass spectrometry (UHPLC-QE-HF-HRMS) platform, was established for the trace determination of three major avenanthramides (AVNs). The MS conditions for determining the AVNs were optimized, and the cracking methods of avenanthramides were analyzed. The linear range of the results and the correlation coefficient were 1−2000 μg/L and >0.

Fipronil and its metabolites in chicken feather: residue analysis, depletion study, and application analysis of pollution sources in laying hens.

A method based on a multi-mechanism impurity adsorption and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry was established to detect fipronil and four of its metabolites in chicken feathers. This method was successfully applied to the depletion study of fipronil in feathers of laying hens. Fipronil and two metabolites were found in feathers during treatment.

Occurrence and risk assessment of five kinds of antimicrobial in mattress on swine farm use ectopic fermentation systems in Zhejiang Province.

Mattress is among the main products of ectopic fermentation system (EFS); however, the research on the data of antimicrobial residues in the mattress of EFS and risk assessments of mattress have not been conducted. This study involved a scale survey to assess the levels and distributions of 54 antimicrobial residues, including 4 tetracyclines, 19 quinolones, 22 sulfonamides, 3 amphenicols, and 6 macrolides in mattress on 12 swine farms that use ectopic fermentation systems (EFS) in Zhejiang Province. A total of 25 antimicrobials were detected in mattress, and the total residue amount of antimicrobial in mattress samples of each farm was 0.

Synergistic regulation of kinetic reaction pathway and surface structure degradation in single-crystal high-nickel cathodes.

As a promising high energy density cathode, single-crystal Ni-rich cathode face poor diffusion dynamics, which leads to poor structural evolution, poor cyclic stability and unfavorable rate performance, thus impeding its wider application. Herein, the strategy of synergistic surface modification by ionic conductor coating and trace element doping is delicately designed. The surface protective LiBO layer is wrapped on the single-crystal LiNiCoMnO (NCM83), which can improve the compatibility of cathode/electrolyte with reduced interface resistance.

Fluorene-9-bisphenol regulates steroidogenic hormone synthesis in H295R cells through the AC/cAMP/PKA signaling pathway.

Fluorene-9-bisphenol (BHPF), which has been used as a substitute for bisphenol A (BPA) in consumer goods and industrial products, can be detected in environmental media and human urine. BHPF has been reported to have endocrine-disrupting effects, whereas deleterious effects on steroidogenesis in H295R cells and underlying mechanisms are still unclear. Here, we investigated effects of BHPF on steroidogenesis using human adrenocortical carcinoma cells (H295R).

Rapid and reagent-free bioassay using autobioluminescent yeasts to detect agonistic and antagonistic activities of bisphenols against rat androgen receptor and progesterone receptor.

Bisphenol A (BPA) and its analogues have been classified as endocrine disruptors via binding to nuclear receptors. Two novel bioassays, BLYrARS and BLYrPRS, were developed for rapid detection of agonistic and antagonistic activities of BPA and five of its analogues binding rat androgen receptor (rAR) and rat progesterone receptor (rPR). The reporter bioassay was based on two autonomously bioluminescent strains of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, recombined with a bacterial luciferase reporter gene cassette (lux) that can produce autofluorescence, regulated by the corresponding hormone response element acting as the responsive promoter.