Single-cell and spatial transcriptomic analyses reveal heterogeneity characteristics and specific cell subtype regulators in growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenomas.

Background: Growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenomas (GHPA) display diverse biological behaviors and clinical outcomes, necessitating the identification of tumor heterogeneity and prognostically relevant markers.

Methods: In this study, we performed single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) on 10 GHPA samples, four of which also underwent spatial transcriptome sequencing, and used scRNA-seq data from four normal pituitary samples as controls. Cell subtype characterization in GHPA was analyzed using multiple algorithms to identify malignant bias regulators, which were then validated using a clinical cohort.

Pharmacodynamic material basis of licorice and mechanisms of modulating bile acid metabolism and gut microbiota in cisplatin-induced liver injury based on LC-MS and network pharmacology analysis.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Cisplatin (CP), a widely used antineoplastic agent, is a leading cause of drug-induced liver injury (DILI) due to its hepatotoxic effects. Licorice (GC), an established remedy in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), has shown promise in addressing liver diseases and DILI. Nonetheless, the specific active components and underlying mechanisms of GC in mitigating CP-induced liver injury remain inadequately investigated.

Coumarin-based fluorescent probes for the detection of copper (II) and imaging in mice of Wilson's disease.

Copper is an essential redox-active metal nutrient, with tightly regulated homeostasis. Copper homeostasis is closely linked to various diseases, making it a critical area of study. Fluorescent probes serve as powerful tools for investigating these conditions.

Patellar tendon lateral deviation angle: a new computed tomography scan measurement for evaluation of patellar instability.

Background: The tibial tuberosity-trochlear groove (TT-TG) distance is an important reference for the evaluation of patellar instability. However, measurement of the TT-TG distance has disadvantages with relatively low reproducibility. This study aimed to investigate the reliability of patellar tendon lateral deviation angle (PTLD-A) measured on a single computed tomography (CT) slice and the clinical significance for predicting patellar instability.

Naked-eye and fluorescence resonance energy transfer based ratiometric fluorescent probe for rapid, sensitive and selective detection of hydrazine and its applications in imaging of environmental samples and living systems.

Hydrazine, a compound recognized for its carcinogenic and genotoxic properties, presents a significant threat to human health via environmental exposure and drug metabolism. The detection of hydrazine is essential for safeguarding human health. However, a tool capable of accurately detecting hydrazine across diverse sample types, such as soil, water sources, and plant specimens contaminated by hydrazine leakage, as well as cells and live mice containing endogenously generated hydrazine from drug metabolism, is still lacking.

An AIE-TICT fluorescence probe cascade responsive to HS, polarity and viscosity to track microenvironment changes in cellular model of ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Background: Ischemia-reperfusion injury is a common cause of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The reoxygenation during reperfusion leads to an overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). As an antioxidant, HS can scavenge ROS to inhibit oxidative stress and inflammatory reaction, thus attenuating ischemia-reperfusion injury.

Reprocessable Epoxy-Anhydride Resin Enabled by a Thermally Stable Liquid Transesterification Catalyst.

Introducing dynamic ester bonds into epoxy-anhydride resins enhances the reprocessability of the crosslinked network, facilitated by various types of transesterification catalysts. However, existing catalysts, such as metal salts and organic molecules, often struggle with dispersion, volatility, or structural instability issues. Here, we propose to solve such problems by incorporating a liquid-state, thermally stable transesterification catalyst into epoxy resins.

Robust liquid crystal semi-interpenetrating polymer network with superior energy-dissipation performance.

Liquid crystal networks (LCN) have attracted surging interest as extraordinary energy-dissipation materials owning to their unique dissipation mechanism based on the re-orientation of mesogens. However, how to integrate high Young's modulus, good dissipation efficiency and wide effective damping temperature range in energy-dissipation LCN remains a challenge. Here, we report a strategy to resolve this challenge by fabricating robust energy-dissipation liquid crystal semi-interpenetrating polymer network (LC-semi-IPN) consisting crystalline LC polymers (c-LCP).

Establishment of an absolute measurement of the reference air kerma rate for HDR Ir brachytherapy sources.

Purpose: Before this study, no institution in China had undertaken the calculation and official establishment of reference values for the reference air kerma rate associated with high-dose rate Ir sources used in brachytherapy. This research, carried out at the National Institute of Metrology (NIM) in China, has successfully established an Ir reference radiation facility. Consequently, it has achieved the absolute measurement of the reference air kerma rate for high-dose rate brachytherapy using Ir sources.

Co-expression of multiple transcription factors is associated with clinical features and endocrine prognosis in growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenomas.

Background: The types of growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenomas are diverse, we have found that there are significant differences in clinical features and prognosis between PIT-1 single-cell spectrum growth hormone adenomas and growth hormone phenotypic polyhormonal adenomas.

Methods: This study examined a cohort of 193 patients with growth hormone-secreting pituitary adenoma (GHPA), stratifying them into two groups: PIT-1 single transcription factor positive growth hormone adenoma (STF-GHPA) and Multiple transcription factor-positive growth hormone-secreting adenomas (MTF-GHPA). The objective was to compare these two groups' clinical characteristics.

Nitrogen-Doped Carbon Quantum Dots Activated Dandelion-Like Hierarchical WO for Highly Sensitive and Selective MEMS Sensors in Diabetes Detection.

High sensitivity, low concentration, and excellent selectivity are pronounced primary challenges for semiconductor gas sensors to monitor acetone from exhaled breath. In this study, nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots (N-CQDs) with high reactivity were used to activate dandelion-like hierarchical tungsten oxide (WO) microspheres to construct an efficient and stable acetone gas sensor. Benefiting from the synergistic effect of both the abundant active sites provided by the unique dandelion-like hierarchical structure and the high reaction potential generated by the sensitization of the N-CQDs, the resulting 16 wt % N-CQDs/WO sensor shows an ultrahigh response value (/ = 74@1 ppm acetone), low detection limit (0.

Surgical resection and reconstruction techniques for jugular foramen schwannoma.

Introduction: Jugular foramen schwannomas present formidable challenges due to their deep-seated location and complex anatomical constraints, leading to significant difficulties in tumor excision, postoperative complications further hinder surgical interventions in this area. We aim to explore and summarize surgical and reconstruction techniques for jugular foramen schwannomas to enhance patient outcomes.

Materials And Methods: In a retrospective analysis, we reviewed the surgical approaches and reconstruction techniques utilized in 31 patients undergoing surgical resection for jugular foramen schwannomas from January 2018 to the present.

Rejuvenating liquid crystal elastomers for self-growth.

To date, only one polymer can self-grow to an extended length beyond its original size at room temperature without external stimuli or energy input. This breakthrough paves the way for significant advancements in untethered autonomous soft robotics, eliminating the need for the energy input or external stimuli required by all existing soft robotics systems. However, only freshly prepared samples in an initial state can self-grow, while non-fresh ones cannot.

Betaine delays age-related muscle loss by mitigating Mss51-induced impairment in mitochondrial respiration via Yin Yang1.

Background: Mitochondrial dysfunction is one of the hallmarks of aging and a leading contributor to sarcopenia. Nutrients are essential for improving mitochondrial function and skeletal muscle health during the aging process. Betaine is a nutrient with potential muscle-preserving properties.

Mesoporous polydopamine/copper sulfide hybrid nanocomposite for highly efficient NIR-triggered bacterial inactivation.

Polydopamine has gained considerable attention in the biomaterial domain owing to its excellent biocompatibility, antioxidant activity, photothermal effect and adhesion property. Herein, copper sulfide (CuS) wrapped in mesoporous polydopamine (MPDA) was synthesized through in-situ polymerization, followed by the surface modification with cationic polyethyleneimine (PEI). The mussel-inspired MPDA matrix successfully prevented the oxidation and agglomeration of CuS nanoparticles, and regulated the release of copper ions and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels.

Suppression of viral rebound by a Rev-dependent lentiviral particle in SIV-infected rhesus macaques.

Persistence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) reservoirs prevents viral eradication, and consequently HIV-infected patients require lifetime treatment with antiretroviral therapy (ART) [1-5]. Currently, there are no effective therapeutics to prevent HIV rebound upon ART cessation. Here we describe an HIV/SIV Rev-dependent lentiviral particle that can be administered to inhibit viral rebound [6-9].

Choline suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma progression by attenuating AMPK/mTOR-mediated autophagy via choline transporter SLC5A7 activation.

Background: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-associated death. Emerging evidence suggests that autophagy plays a critical role in HCC tumorigenesis, metastasis, and prognosis. Choline is an essential nutrient related to prolonged survival and reduced risk of HCC.

In vitro and in vivo degradation profile, biocompatibility of poly-L-lactic acid porous microspheres.

The objective of this study is to evaluate the in vitro and in vivo degradation profile and biocompatibility of poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) porous microspheres (PMs) for their potential application as injectable microcarrier or micro-scaffolds materials in the research and clinical use of craniofacial cartilage repair. In this study, PLLA PMs prepared exhibited spherical shape and uniform surface pores followed by 24-week evaluations for degradation behavior and biocompatibility. In vitro degradation analysis encompassed morphological examination, pH monitoring, molecular weight analysis, thermodynamic assessment, and chemical structure analysis.

Identification of as a Potential Biomarker Associated with Immune Infiltration for Diagnosis and Prognosis in Epithelial Ovarian Cancer.

Purpose: Evidence has indicated that is involved in regulating adherens junction. However, the distinct effect of its aberrant expression on epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) awaits clarification.

Methods: In this study, public databases (Gene Expression Omnibus, The Cancer Genome Atlas, and The Genotype-Tissue Expression), online analysis tools (Kaplan-Meier plotter and TIMER), and data analysis methods (Gene Ontology, Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes, and the CIBERSORT algorithm) were fully utilized to analyze the differential expression, diagnostic efficiency, prognostic significance, potential function, and correlation with immune infiltration of PDZD11.

Senaparib as first-line maintenance therapy in advanced ovarian cancer: a randomized phase 3 trial.

Poly(adenosine diphosphate-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors as maintenance therapy after first-line chemotherapy have improved progression-free survival in women with advanced ovarian cancer; however, not all PARP inhibitors can provide benefit for a biomarker-unselected population. Senaparib is a PARP inhibitor that demonstrated antitumor activity in patients with solid tumors, including ovarian cancer, in phase 1 studies. The multicenter, double-blind, phase 3 trial FLAMES randomized (2:1) 404 females with advanced ovarian cancer (International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics stage III-IV) and response to first-line platinum-based chemotherapy to senaparib 100 mg (n = 271) or placebo (n = 133) orally once daily for up to 2 years.