Detection, measurement, and diagnosis of lung nodules by ultra-low-dose CT in lung cancer screening: a systematic review.

Objective: There is a lack of recent meta-analyses and systematic reviews on the use of ultra-low-dose CT (ULDCT) for the detection, measurement, and diagnosis of lung nodules. This review aims to summarize the latest advances of ULDCT in these areas.

Methods: A systematic review of studies in PubMed and Web of Science was conducted, using search terms specific to ULDCT and lung nodules.

Risk stratification of thymic epithelial tumors based on peritumor CT radiomics and semantic features.

Objectives: To develop and validate nomograms combining radiomics and semantic features to identify the invasiveness and histopathological risk stratification of thymic epithelial tumors (TET) using contrast-enhanced CT.

Methods: This retrospective multi-center study included 224 consecutive cases. For each case, 6764 intratumor and peritumor radiomics features and 31 semantic features were collected.

Advanced glycation end products promote meniscal calcification by activating the mTOR-ATF4 positive feedback loop.

The meniscus is vital for maintaining knee homeostasis and function. Meniscal calcification is one of the earliest radiological indicators of knee osteoarthritis (KOA), and meniscal calcification is associated with alterations in biomechanical properties. Meniscal calcification originates from a biochemical process similar to vascular calcification.

Fully automated artificial intelligence-based coronary CT angiography image processing: efficiency, diagnostic capability, and risk stratification.

Objectives: To prospectively investigate whether fully automated artificial intelligence (FAAI)-based coronary CT angiography (CCTA) image processing is non-inferior to semi-automated mode in efficiency, diagnostic ability, and risk stratification of coronary artery disease (CAD).

Materials And Methods: Adults with indications for CCTA were prospectively and consecutively enrolled at two hospitals and randomly assigned to either FAAI-based or semi-automated image processing using equipment workstations. Outcome measures were workflow efficiency, diagnostic accuracy for obstructive CAD (≥ 50% stenosis), and cardiovascular events at 2-year follow-up.

DNMT1 regulates hypermethylation and silences hsa_circ_401351 in hydroquinone-induced malignant TK6 cells.

Background: Benzene and its metabolite hydroquinone (HQ) are widely used in daily life, and long-term exposure to benzene or HQ can induce acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are mostly produced by reverse splicing of gene exon mRNA precursors. The modulation of circRNA expression is connected to leukemia progression; however, the molecular mechanism is still unknown.

Evolving Into a Transformer: From a Training-Free Retrieval-Based Method for Anomaly Obstacle Segmentation.

As a key problem of auto-vehicle applications, the goal of Anomaly Obstacle Segmentation (AOS) is to detect some strange and unexpected obstacles (possibly are unseen previously) on the drivable area, thereby equipping the semantic perceptual model to be tolerant of unknown things. Due to its practicality, recently AOS is drawing attentions and a long line of works are proposed to tackle the obstacles with almost infinite diversity. However, these methods usually focus less on the priors of driving scenarios and involve image re-generation or the retraining of perceptual model, which lead to large computational quantity or the degradation of perceptual performance.

Increased DNMT1 Involvement in the Activation of LO2 Cell Death Induced by Silver Nanoparticles via Promoting TFEB-Dependent Autophagy.

The accumulation of exogenous silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) will terminally bring about liver injury, including cell death, where DNA methylation tends to be a crucial epigenetic modulator. The change in the cell autophagy level verified to be closely associated with hepatocyte death has been followed with wide interest. But the molecular toxicological mechanisms of AgNPs in relation to DNA methylation, autophagy, and cell death remain inconclusive.

PARP-1 inhibits DNMT1-mediated promoter methylation and promotes linc01132 expression in benzene-exposed workers and hydroquinone-induced malignant transformed cells.

Hydroquinone (HQ), one of the main active metabolites of benzene, can induce the abnormal expression of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA). Studies have shown that lncRNA plays an important role in the occurrence of hematologic tumors induced by benzene or HQ. However, the molecular mechanism remains to be elucidated.

Comparisons of in-hospital complications between total hip arthroplasty and hip resurfacing arthroplasty.

Background: Hip resurfacing arthroplasty (HRA) is a less common but effective alternative method to total hip arthroplasty (THA) for hip reconstruction. In this study, we investigated the incidences of in-hospital complications between patients who had been subjected to THA and HRA.

Methods: The National Inpatient Sample data that had been recorded from 2005 to 2014 was used in this study.

Hsa_circ_0001944 regulates apoptosis by regulating the binding of PARP1 and HuR in leukemia and malignant transformed cells induced by hydroquinone.

Hydroquinone (HQ) is one of the major metabolites of benzene and can cause abnormal gene expression. It is a known carcinogen that alters cell cycle disruption and cell proliferation. However, its chemical mechanism remain a mystery.

Effect of First-Line Serplulimab vs Placebo Added to Chemotherapy on Survival in Patients With Extensive-Stage Small Cell Lung Cancer: The ASTRUM-005 Randomized Clinical Trial.

Importance: Programmed cell death ligand 1 inhibitors combined with chemotherapy has changed the approach to first-line treatment in patients with extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (SCLC). It remained unknown whether adding a programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) inhibitor to chemotherapy provided similar or better benefits in patients with extensive-stage SCLC, which would add evidence on the efficacy of checkpoint inhibitors in the treatment of extensive-stage SCLC.

Objective: To evaluate the efficacy and adverse event profile of the PD-1 inhibitor serplulimab plus chemotherapy compared with placebo plus chemotherapy as first-line treatment in patients with extensive-stage SCLC.

PARP-1 modulates the expression of miR-223 through histone acetylation to involve in the hydroquinone-induced carcinogenesis of TK6 cells.

The upstream regulators of microRNAs were rarely reported. Hydroquinone (HQ) is the main metabolite of benzene, one of the important environmental factors contributing to leukemia and lymphoma. In HQ-induced malignant transformed TK6 (TK6-HT) cells, the expression of PARP-1 and miR-223 were upregulated.

Efficacy and Safety of Limertinib (ASK120067) in Patients With Locally Advanced or Metastatic EGFR Thr790Met-Mutated NSCLC: A Multicenter, Single-Arm, Phase 2b Study.

Introduction: Limertinib (ASK120067) is a newly developed third-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeting both sensitizing EGFR and EGFR Thr790Met (T790M) mutations. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of limertinib in patients with locally advanced or metastatic EGFR T790M-mutated NSCLC.

Methods: This is a single-arm, open-label, phase 2b study conducted at 62 hospitals across the People's Republic of China.

After-hour elective total knee arthroplasty does not affect clinical outcomes but negatively affects alignment.

Introduction: In cases of limited medical resources, elective total knee arthroplasty (TKA) sometimes needs to be performed after typical work hours. However, surgeon fatigue and logistical factors may potentially affect outcomes. This study aimed to detect whether after-hour procedures impair outcomes after TKA.

Predictive Equations for Adult Pulmonary Function in Zhejiang Province, China.

Background: Accurate interpretation of lung function tests requires appropriate spirometry reference values derived from large-scale population-specific epidemiological surveys. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to establish normal spirometric values for the population of healthy, nonsmoking Han Chinese adults residing in Zhejiang province, China.

Methods: We measured lung function parameters such as forced expiratory volume in 1 s, forced vital capacity, peak expiratory flow, maximal midexpiratory flow, and diffusion capacity for carbon monoxide and considered age, height, and weight as independent factors that may modify these parameters.

LINC00173 Interacts With DNMT1 to Regulate LINC00173 Expression via Promoter Methylation in Hydroquinone-Induced Malignantly Transformed TK6 Cells and Benzene-Exposed Workers.

Long-term exposure to benzene or its metabolite, hydroquinone (HQ), can causally contribute to acute myeloid leukemia. Long-noncoding RNAs are essential epigenetic regulators with critical roles in tumor initiation and malignant progression; however, the mechanism by which aberrantly expressed LINC00173 (long intergenic nonprotein coding RNA 173) regulates the pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia is not fully understood. Here, we found that the expression of LINC00173 decreased while the expression of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) increased, and the methylation of LINC00173 promoter was negatively correlated with LINC00173 expression in GEPIA, CCLE databases, benzene-exposed workers, B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, K562, U937, or HQ-induced malignantly transformed TK6 (HQ-MT cells).

Case Report: A Case of Sintilimab-Induced Cystitis/Ureteritis and Review of Sintilimab-Related Adverse Events.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been proven to be beneficial in multiple advanced malignancies. However, the widespread use of ICIs also occurred with various immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Here, we first report a case of sintilimab-related cystitis/ureteritis.

The DNMT1-associated lncRNA UCA1 was upregulated in TK6 cells transformed by long-term exposure to hydroquinone and benzene-exposed workers via DNA hypomethylation.

Exposure to benzene or its metabolite hydroquinone (HQ) is a risk factor for a series of myeloid malignancies, and long noncoding RNAs play an important role in the process of pathogenesis. Urothelial cancer-associated 1 (UCA1) functions as an oncogene in the development of acute myeloid leukemia. However, the association between DNMT1 and UCA1 with benzene or HQ exposure has not been explored.

Elastic Knowledge Distillation by Learning From Recollection.

Model performance can be further improved with the extra guidance apart from the one-hot ground truth. To achieve it, recently proposed recollection-based methods utilize the valuable information contained in the past training history and derive a "recollection" from it to provide data-driven prior to guide the training. In this article, we focus on two fundamental aspects of this method, i.

Possible environmental exposure-associated pulmonary cryptococcosis in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis: a case report and literature review.

Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) taking long-term immunosuppressive drugs are more susceptible to opportunistic infections, such as cryptococcosis. A 65-year-old woman was transferred to our hospital for rapidly progressing pulmonary lesions identified by lung computed tomography. She had a 7-year history of RA and had been prescribed methotrexate and glucocorticoids for 10 months.

Semantic Neighborhood-Aware Deep Facial Expression Recognition.

Different from many other attributes, facial expression can change in a continuous way, and therefore, a slight semantic change of input should also lead to the output fluctuation limited in a small scale. This consistency is important. However, current Facial Expression Recognition (FER) datasets may have the extreme imbalance problem, as well as the lack of data and the excessive amounts of noise, hindering this consistency and leading to a performance decreasing when testing.

Extrapontine myelinolysis caused by rapid correction of pituitrin-induced severe hyponatremia: A case report.

Background: Severe hyponatremia is considered a rare complication of pituitrin, which is widely used for the treatment of pulmonary hemorrhage. However, the management of pituitrin-associated hyponatremia can be challenging because a rapid correction of hyponatremia may cause the development of osmotic demyelination syndrome, resulting in life-threatening neurological injuries.

Case Summary: A 20-year-old Chinese man with massive hemoptysis developed symptomatic hyponatremia (116 mmol/L) after therapy by a continuous intravenous drip of pituitrin.

Regulatory loop between lncRNA FAS-AS1 and DNMT3b controls FAS expression in hydroquinone-treated TK6 cells and benzene-exposed workers.

Hydroquinone (HQ), one of the main metabolites of benzene, is a well-known human leukemogen. However, the specific mechanism of how benzene or HQ contributes to the development of leukemia is unknown. In a previous study, we demonstrated the upregulation of DNA methyltransferase (DNMT) expression in HQ-induced malignant transformed TK6 (HQ-TK6) cells.

Up-regulation of DNMT3b contributes to HOTAIRM1 silencing via DNA hypermethylation in cells transformed by long-term exposure to hydroquinone and workers exposed to benzene.

Benzene exposure is a risk factor of acute myeloid leukemia (AML), during such carcinogenesis long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are important epigenetic regulators. HOTAIRM1 (HOXA transcript antisense RNA, myeloid-specific 1) plays an indispensable role in the development of AML. Hydroquinone (HQ) is one major metabolite of benzene and its ideal replacement in toxicology research.