Synthesis and performance study of cationic surfactants containing different quantities of hydroxyl.

Three hydroxyl-containing cationic surfactants are synthesized and characterized by FTIR and HNMR, and their thermal stability is tested and analyzed. The surface activity, adsorption and aggregation behavior of the synthesized target product were investigated by testing its contact angle, static surface tension and dynamic surface tension. As the number of hydroxyl groups increases, the maximum adsorption amount ( ) of molecules at the interface gradually decreases, and the minimum area occupied by each molecule ( ) increases, suggesting that the introduction of hydroxyl groups weakens the interfacial accumulation ability between molecules and increases the hydrophilicity.

Efficacy of three modern anti-diabetic drugs on survival outcomes of lung cancer patients with type 2 diabetes in China.

Background: Some anti-diabetic drugs have been proved to be a tumor suppressor or activator. The associations of three relatively new classes of anti-diabetic medications-glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA), dipeptidyl peptidase 4 inhibitors (DPP-4I), and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT-2I) with lung cancer prognosis remain unclear.

Methods: The electronic medical data from the National Healthcare Big Data (East) Center was retrospectively analyzed.

Centromere protein U mediates the ubiquitination and degradation of RPS3 to facilitate temozolomide resistance in glioblastoma.

Aims: Temozolomide (TMZ) is the first-line chemotherapeutic agent for glioblastoma (GBM) therapy; however, resistance to TMZ remains a major obstacle in GBM treatment. The aim of this study is to elucidate the mechanisms underlying TMZ resistance and explore how to enhance the sensitivity of GBM to TMZ.

Methods: GBM organoids were generated from patient samples, and organoid-based TMZ sensitivity testing was performed.

PLIN1 suppresses glioma progression through regulating lipid metabolism.

Glioma is a common and destructive brain tumor, which is highly heterogeneous with poor prognosis. Developing diagnostic and prognostic markers to identify and treat glioma early would significantly improve the therapeutic outcomes. Here, we conducted RNA next-generation sequencing with 33 glioma samples and 15 normal brain samples.

One-Step Synthesis of Carboxylated Polyethylene Glycol-Modified Polystyrene Microspheres and Their Application in the Luminescent Oxygen Channel Immunoassay.

As one of the key diagnostic methods for detecting biomarkers and antigen-antibody interactions, the luminescent oxygen channel immunoassay (LOCI) has been widely applied in bioanalysis and other fields. In the context of LOCI, the performance of the prepared donor polystyrene (PS) microspheres significantly impacts the detection signal values. In this study, an attempt was made to synthesize PS microspheres via one-step polymerization of styrene with an amphiphilic monomer (PEOOH), followed by swelling the silicon phthalocyanine photosensitizer into the PS microspheres, resulting in the functionalization of the PS microspheres with polyethylene glycol segments.

Burden of Liver Cancer Attributable to Hepatitis B and Alcohol Globally, in China, and for Five Sociodemographic Index Regions from 1990 to 2021: A Population-based Study.

Background And Aims: Liver cancer is a digestive system malignancy that poses a significant public health challenge globally. This study aimed to analyze and compare the epidemiological trends of liver cancer attributed to hepatitis B (LCHB) and alcohol use (LCAL) over the past 32 years.

Methods: Data on mortality and disability-adjusted life years for LCHB and LCAL in China, globally, and across five sociodemographic index regions were obtained from the Global Burden of Disease 2021 database and comprehensively analyzed.

A deep-red hemicyanine fluorescent probe for imaging butyrylcholinesterase in living cells and in mice with APAP-induced liver injury.

As a serine hydrolase synthesized by the liver, butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) is an important biomarker in the clinical diagnosis of liver diseases. To track BChE activity in drug-induced liver injury, we designed a deep-red BChE-activatable fluorescent probe (CYL-BChE) with hemi-cyanine structure by using a cyclopropyl carbonyl group as a specific recognition moiety. Its near-infrared absorption wavelength (665 nm) and emission wavelength (762 nm) provide excellent tissue penetration capabilities, making it suitable for biological imaging.

A randomized cohort study on the use of 3D printed models to enhance surgical training in suturing techniques.

Three-dimensional (3D) printed surgical models provide an excellent surgical training option to closely mimic real operations to teach medical students who currently rely largely on visual learning aided with simple suturing pads. There is an unmet need to create simple to complex surgical training programs suitable for medical students. A prospective cohort study was conducted on a group of 16 6th year students.

Synthesis of Polymers via Cancer Cell Metabolism-Mediated Controlled Radical Polymerization and Application in Engineering of Cell Surface.

In this study, we present a novel chemical biology strategy that leverages the reductive metabolic pathways of cancer cells to develop a new approach for synthesizing polymers in nonstrictly anaerobic conditions. This method utilizes the reductive metabolism of cancer cells to reduce Cu(II) to Cu(I), enabling Cu(I)-catalyzed controlled radical polymerization with poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (MAPEGOMe) monomer, producing polymers with low dispersity (1.28-1.

A high-water retention, self-healing hydrogel thyroid model for surgical training.

The evaluation of thyroid lesions through Fine-Needle Aspiration Biopsy (FNAB) is a common procedure that requires advanced hand manipulation skills. Conventional training models for this procedure lack essential features such as tactile sensation and the ability to repeat punctures similar to those of real organs. To improve the quality of training, we have developed a hydrogel thyroid model that possesses features such as high-water retention and self-healing properties.

Electroacupuncture suppresses NK cell infiltration and activation in the ischemic mouse brain through STAT3 inhibition.

Aims: Electroacupuncture (EA) at Shuigou (GV26) and Baihui (GV20) has shown therapeutic benefits for stroke patients. Given that natural killer (NK) cell infiltration into the brain significantly contributes to the exacerbation of cerebral ischemic injury, this study investigated the impact of EA at Shuigou (GV26) and Baihui (GV20) on post-ischemic brain infiltration and activation of NK cells.

Methods: Neurological deficit score, rotarod test, adhesive removal test, and TTC staining were used to evaluate the beneficial effects of EA in middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) mice.

Fabrication of functional interface on magnetic beads via various amino acids and their application in chemiluminescent immunoassay as carrier.

Magnetic polymer microspheres with superparamagnetism, high specificity, and monodispersity play a crucial role in the field of in vitro diagnostics. However, the surface modification process of magnetic beads is often complex, and it remains a significant challenge to prepare high-performance magnetic beads easily. To overcome these drawbacks, herein we fabricated functional interface on magnetic bead with the various amino acid via the ring-opening reaction of amino acids with epoxy groups, with attempt to produce carboxylated magnetic beads (MPS-GA) in a convenient way.

Vertebral endarterectomy combined with endovascular treatment for patients with vertebral artery stenosis and vertebral aneurysm: illustrative case.

Background: Vertebral artery stenosis (VAS) and vertebral aneurysms are serious conditions that can be life-threatening and have a poor prognosis. The co-occurrence of VAS and a vertebral aneurysm is less common and more difficult to treat.

Observations: The authors report the case of a patient who presented with a rare occurrence of VAS combined with a vertebral aneurysm.

A comparative study of magnetic sphincter augmentation and Nissen fundoplication in the management of GERD.

Introduction: Magnetic sphincter augmentation (MSA) is a novel surgical technique investigated at many clinical institutes worldwide. In 2012, it received approval for treating Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) because of its superior benefits compared to drug therapies. This study aimed to explore the safety and efficacy of MSA compared with Laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication (LNF) for GERD treatment.

Tea intake and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease risk: A two-sample Mendelian randomization study.

Background: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a major global health problem due to its great disease and economic burdens. Tea is a popular beverage consumed by billions of people.globally owing to its health benefits.

[Pharmacovigilance guidelines for clinical application of Chinese patent medicines for mucosal administration].

The group standard Pharmacovigilance guidelines for clinical application of Chinese patent medicines for mucosal administration was released on January 16, 2024, on the national group standards information platform by the Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine of China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences and School and Hospital of Stomatology of Peking University, under the centralized management by the China Association of Chinese Medicine. The standard number is T/CACM 1563.6-2024.

[Pharmacovigilance guidelines for clinical application of Chinese patent medicines for external use].

There are many kinds and dosage forms of Chinese patent medicines for external use on the market, which are widely used in clinical departments. The common adverse reactions of Chinese patent medicines for external use are skin reactions, and those for the rare severe diseases include palpitation, chest tightness, dyspnea, and anaphylactic shock. At present, World Health Organization(WHO), International Council for Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use(ICH),the United States, the European Union, and Asia-Pacific countries(such as Japan and South Korea) have not issued any pharmacovigilance guideline of Chinese patent medicines for external use.

[Guidelines for construction of traditional Chinese medicine pharmacovigilance system in medical institutions].

The group standard Guidelines for construction of traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) pharmacovigilance system in medical institutions, managed by Chinese Association of Chinese Medicine and led by the Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine,China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences and Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, was announced on National Group Standard Information Platform on January 16, 2024, with the standard number T/CACM 1563. 2-2024. According to EU pharmacovigilance regulations and the second-level guidance principles of International Council for Harmonization of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use(ICH), the unique characteristics of TCM were fully considered, and the relevant systems and procedures for constructing TCM pharmacovigilance systems in medical institutions were clearly defined.

Baicalein ameliorates chronic itch in ACD mice by suppressing the spinal astrocytic STAT3-LCN2 cascade.

Chronic itch is a maladaptive and debilitating symptom in patients with allergic contact dermatitis (ACD), adversely affecting their quality of life. There is a lack of effective treatments for ACD-associated uncontrollable itch. In this study, we explored the antipruritic effects of baicalein (BE), a bioactive flavonoid extracted from the root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, and the underlying mechanisms in alleviating chronic itch triggered by diphenylcyclopropenone (DCP) in a mouse model of ACD.