[Modern research progress in external application of traditional Chinese medicine to acupoints].

Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) has a long history and abundant experience in external therapy, which marks human wisdom. In the early history of human, people found that fumigation, coating, and sticking of some tree branches and herb stems can help alleviate scabies and remove parasites in productive labor, which indicates the emergence of external therapy. Pathogen usually enters the body through the surface, so external therapy can be used to treat the disease.

[Preparation and intestinal absorption of Panax notoginseng saponins chitosan nanoparticles].

In this experiment, Panax notoginseng saponins chitosan nanoparticles(PNS-NPs) were prepared by self-assembly and their appearance, particle size, encapsulation efficiency, drug loading, polydispersity index(PDI), Zeta potential, and microstructure were characterized. The prepared PNS-NPs were intact in structure, with an average particle size of(209±0.258) nm, encapsulation efficiency of 42.

Downregulation of DNMT3a expression by RNAi and its effect on NF-κBs expression of thymic epithelial cells.

Objective: To understand the characteristics of DNA methyltransferase 3a (DNMT3a) in thymoma associated Myasthenia Gravis reveal its transcriptional regulator network as while as analyze the effect of DNMT3a on Rel/ nuclear factor-kappaB family (RelA/RelB) and its downstream autoimmune regulatory factor (Aire).

Methods: Tissues of 30 patients with thymoma, with or without myasthenia gravis (MG), were collected and the DNMT3a protein expression were evaluated through immunohistochemistry. We performed mRNA expression profiling microarray detection and analysis, and integrated the analysis by constructing protein-protein interaction networks and the integration with other database.

Combination of pembrolizumab and I attenuates the aggressiveness of non-small cell lung cancer.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer-associated mortality. Therapies targeting programmed cell death 1 ligand 1 (PD1L1) have promising effects on NSCLC. However, resistance to targeted therapy has become the main problem and the underling molecular mechanism remains unclear.

Preparation of Puerarin Chitosan Oral Nanoparticles by Ionic Gelation Method and Its Related Kinetics.

In this paper, as an active ingredient, puerarin chitosan nanoparticles (Pur-CS/TPP-NPs) are prepared by an ionic gelation method. The chitosan (CS) concentration, pH of the CS solution, sodium tripolyphosphate (TPP) concentration, stirring speed, stirring time, ultrasonic power, and dosage are used as single factors for investigation, and the encapsulation efficiency, drug loading capacity, particle size, and polydispersity index (PDI) are used as indicators for investigation. The optimal prescription is determined using the Box-Behnken effect surface design method.

Alteration in gene expression profiles of thymoma: Genetic differences and potential novel targets.

Background: This study was conducted to investigate the gene expression profiles associated with thymoma to better understand the molecular mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of thymoma.

Methods: Eight patients with thymomas (type A, AB, B1, and B2) and four controls with thymic cysts were analyzed using microarray profiling to identify changes in gene expression.

Results: Across all of our samples, 2319 messenger RNAs were upregulated and 2776 were downregulated in thymomas relative to thymic cysts.

Alteration in gene expression profile of thymomas with or without myasthenia gravis linked with the nuclear factor-kappaB/autoimmune regulator pathway to myasthenia gravis pathogenesis.

Background: To investigate the gene expression profile of a set of candidate genes for a better understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying the pathogenesis of thymoma with or without myasthenia gravis.

Methods: Thymoma patients and thymoma patients with myasthenia gravis were analyzed using microarray profiling to identify significant changes in gene expression of autoimmune regulator pathway genes including AIRE, IL-7R, CHRNA3, SYMD1, THRA, and CAV3.

Results: Across all of our samples, we found that 1484 mRNAs were upregulated and 770 were downregulated in thymoma patients compared with thymoma with myasthenia gravis patients.

Recombined humanized endostatin-induced suppression of HMGB1 expression inhibits proliferation of NSCLC cancer cells.

Background: Recombined humanized endostatin (Rh-endostatin) exhibits a potent anti-cancer effect involving multiple molecular targets and signaling pathways. HMGB1 is a highly conserved DNA-binding protein involved in cancer development. The therapeutic effect of Rh-endostatin on HMGB1 has not been reported, thus we investigate the effect in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) cells.

[Effect of infection on Toll-like receptors of intestinal mucosa in mice].

Objective: To investigate the mechanism of Toll-like receptor in intestinal mucosal injury induced by infection in mice.

Methods: Totally 30 male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into a normal control group, 1week infection group and 2-week infection group. The mice of the 1-week and 2-week infection groups were sacrificed 7 days and 14 days after the infection respectively, and the mice of the normal control group were sacrificed 14 days after the infection.

Impact of target area selection in Iodine seed brachytherapy on locoregional recurrence in patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

Background: Computed tomography (CT)-guided percutaneous implantation of Iodine radioactive seeds requires the precise arrangement of seeds by tumor shape. We tested whether selecting target areas, including subclinical areas around tumors, can influence locoregional recurrence in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Method: We divided 82 patients with NSCLC into two groups.

[Intestinal absorption of pulchinenosides from Pulsatilla chinensis in rats].

HPLC-ELSD was applied to explore the absorption mechanism of pulchinenosides (B3, BD, B7, B10, B11) in rats. The experimental results showed that the absorption rate constant, Ka value (B3, BD) and Permeability coefficient, Peff value (B3, B7) displayed significant difference (P <0.05) in various intestinal segments, The Ka value and Peff value of PRS was different from each other with the highest absorption in duodenum (duodenum > jejunum > colon > ileum); The PRS displayed excessive satuation as the concentration increased over 0.

[Protective effect of radix sophorae flavescentis mixture on intestinal mucosa in mice infected with Cryptosporidium parvum].

Objective: To investigate the protective effect of radix sophorae flavescentis (RSF) mixture on intestinal mucosa in mice infected with Cryptosporidium parvum.

Methods: Thirty BALB/c male mice were randomly divided into control group, infection group and RSF mixture treatment group. Mice of the posterior two groups were inoculated intragastrically with 1 x 10(5) C.

[Rat intestinal absorption trait of peimine and peiminine in Thunberg fritillary bulb extract].

To study the in situ intestinal absorption kinetics and compatibility influence of peimine and peiminine in rats, the absorption of peimine and peiminine in small intestine (duodenum, jejunum and ileum) and colon of rats was investigated using in situ single-pass perfusion method and the drug content was measured by HPLC-ELSD. Perfusion rate, pH, concentration of drug, gender and bile duct ligation can significantly affect the absorption of peimine and peiminine, the Ka, and Papp values in the condition of pH 6.8 and pH 7.

[Effect of radix sophorae flavescentis (RSF) mixture on mast cells in jejunal mucosa of mice infected by Cryptosporidium].

Objective: To elucidate the role of mast cells (MC) activation in the jejunal mucous membrane in the pathogenesis of cryptosporidiosis (CPS) and explore the mechanism of prevention and treatment of radix sophorae flavescetis(RSF) mixture on CPS.

Methods: A total of 30 healthy male BALB/c mice were randomly divided into a normal control group, CPS model control group and RSF mixture experimental group. The mice of CPS model were inoculated intragastrically with 1 x 10(5) Cryptosporidium oocyst (CSO).

Promoter methylation and expression of TIMP3 gene in gastric cancer.

Background: Gastric carcinoma development is a multi-stage process that involves more than one gene. Aberrant changes in DNA methylation are considered as the third mechanism that leads to anti-oncogene inactivation, which plays an essential role in tumor development. In this study, we assessed the relationship among the aberrant methylation of the promoter CpG islands of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 3 (TIMP3) gene, its protein expression, and the clinicopathological features of gastric adenocarcinoma.

Sex dependent pharmacokinetics, tissue distribution and excretion of peimine and peiminine in rats assessed by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry.

Ethnopharmacological Relevance: Fritillaria thunbergii Miq. has been traditionally used in China as antitussive and expectorant herbs, and newly used in the clinical treatment of leukemia in recent years.

Aim: To investigate whether gender exerted a significant influence on the pharmacokinetics, tissue distribution and excretion of peimine and peiminine in Sprague-Dawley rats who were given a single oral administration of 4.

[Effect of Toxoplasma gondii infection on the embryonic neural stem cells in rats].

Objective: To investigate the effect of Toxoplasma gondii infection on the proliferation, differentiation and migration of the embryonic neural stem cells (NSCs) in early pregnancy of rat.

Methods: Twelve pregnant Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into control and infection groups. Rats in the infection group were each inoculated intraperitoneally with 1 x 10(5) T.

[Study on preparation of beta-cyclodextrin inclusion compound for borneolumsyntheticum from Huoxuezhitong capsules].

Objective: To study the optimum inclusion process of clolloid mill for borneolumsyntheticum from Huoxuezhitong Capsules.

Methods: The study was carried out with orthogonal design. The borneol content in inclusion complex, the utilization ratio of borneol, and synthesis grading were used as evaluating indicator to review the effects of 3 factors, including the proportion of borneolumsyntheticum to beta-cyclodextrin (mol: mol), milling time and water addition.

[Study on the process of inclusion volatile oil of Herba Schizonepetae with beta-cyclodextrin from xiao'er ganmaoshu granule].

Objective: To study optimum inclusion process condition for volatile oil with beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD).

Methods: The optimum preparation condition were investigated by orthogonal design. The influence of utilization beta-CD and oil, inclusion temperature and time were studied to determin the utilization ratio of volatile oil and oil-bearing rate.