Icariin Ameliorates D-galactose-induced Cell Injury in Neuron-like PC12 Cells by Inhibiting MPTP Opening.

Objective: Icariin (ICA) has a good neuroprotective effect and can upregulate neuronal basal autophagy in naturally aging rats. Mitochondrial dysfunction is associated with brain aging-related neurodegenerative diseases. Abnormal opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) is a crucial factor in mitochondrial dysfunction and is associated with excessive autophagy.

Algorithm for Predicting Respiratory Motion of Liver Tissue Based on Short-Term Respiratory Monitoring.

In this study, an algorithm for predicting respiratory motion of liver tissue based on the combination of subject-specific external surrogate signals and 2D ultrasound image sequences was investigated to achieve better respiratory monitoring in clinical procedures. To achieve non-invasiveness in clinical procedures, an EM position tracker and a Doppler ultrasound diagnostic system were used as data collectors. Firstly, the mapping relationship between the magnetic sensing surrogate signal and the internal motion of liver tissue was learned by the Ridge regression model to achieve the estimation of the internal motion of liver tissue by the magnetic sensing surrogate signal; then the motion prediction of the estimated internal motion of liver tissue was performed by the artificial neural network (ANN) as the prediction filter; finally, the prediction of the respiratory motion of liver tissue by the magnetic sensing surrogate signal was achieved.

Saponins from improve neuronal mitochondrial injury of aging rats.

Context: is the dried rhizome of C.A. Mey.

[Effects of organic matter addition on the stoichiometric homeostasis of soil microbes in forest in Taiyue Mountain, China].

In Taiyue Mountain of Shanxi Province, five types of organic matter, ., biochar, maize straw, leaves of and , and sawdust of wood stem, were separately added to the soils of a forest. Nutrient content, enzyme activity, and microbial biomass were analyzed to elucidate the characteristics of soil ecoenzymatic stoichiometry and the element homeostasis of soil microorganisms.

Comprehensive analysis of pedicle screw implantation in the C7 vertebra using computed tomography-based three-dimensional models.

Background: From a biomechanical point of view, pedicle screws (PS) are better than other kinds of screws for implantation in the seventh cervical vertebra (C7). However, the application of PS is limited because of the high risk of severe complications. It is essential to define the optimal entry point and trajectory.

[Chikusetsu saponin Ⅳa ameliorates myocardial hypertrophy of rats through regulating expression of miR199a-5p/Atg5].

The present study investigated the effects of chikusetsu saponin Ⅳa(CHS Ⅳa) on isoproterenol(ISO)-induced myocardial hypertrophy in rats and explored the underlying molecular mechanism. ISO was applied to establish a rat model of myocardial hypertrophy, and CHS Ⅳa(5 and 15 mg·kg~(-1)·d~(-1)) was used for intervention. The tail artery blood pressure was measured.

Saponins from attenuate cognitive impairment in ageing rats through regulating microglial polarisation and autophagy.

Context: is the dried rhizome of C.A. Mey.

A Hypoxia-Induced SCFFBXL1 E3 Ligase Ubiquitinates and Degrades the MEN1 Tumor Suppressor to Promote Colorectal Cancer Tumorigenesis.

Purpose: Emerging evidence has shown that SKP1-cullin-1-F-box-protein (SCF) E3 ligases contribute to the pathogenesis of different cancers by mediating the ubiquitination and degradation of tumor suppressors. However, the functions of SCF E3 ligases in the pathogenesis of colorectal cancer (CRC) remain obscure.

Materials And Methods: The cancerous and adjacent noncancerous tissues from CRC patients were collected, and protein levels were analyzed.

A review on partial-wave dynamics with chiral effective field theory and dispersion relation.

The description of strong interaction physics of low-lying resonances is out of the valid range of perturbative QCD. Chiral effective field theories (EFTs) have been developed to tackle the issue. Partial wave dynamics is the systematic tool to decode the underlying physics and reveal the properties of those resonances.

Effects of a commercially formulated glyphosate solutions at recommended concentrations on honeybee (Apis mellifera L.) behaviours.

Glyphosate, the active ingredient of the most widely used commercial herbicide formulation, is extensively used and produced in China. Previous studies have reported sublethal effects of glyphosate on honeybees. However, the effects of commercially formulated glyphosate (CFG) at the recommended concentration (RC) on the chronic toxicity of honeybees, especially on their behaviours, remain unknown.

Spinal cord injury in an adult patient with thoracic butterfly vertebra: a case report and review of the literature.

Background: Butterfly vertebrae are a rare congenital vertebral anomaly. An overlap of this spinal anomaly with other diseases has been reported. However, to the authors' knowledge, the coexistence of butterfly vertebrae and spinal cord injury has not been reported in the literature.

Saponins of Panax japonicus Confer Neuroprotection against Brain Aging through Mitochondrial Related Oxidative Stress and Autophagy in Rats.

Background: Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction play a vital role in the pathogenesis of brain aging. Saponins from Panax japonicus (SPJ) have attracted much attention for their potential to attenuate age-related oxidative stress as the main ingredient in rhizomes of Panax japonicus.

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the neuroprotective effects of SPJ on natural aging rats as well as the underlying mechanisms regarding oxidative stress and mitochondrial pathway.

The CtBP1-p300-FOXO3a transcriptional complex represses the expression of the apoptotic regulators Bax and Bim in human osteosarcoma cells.

C-terminal binding protein 1 (CtBP1), a well-known transcriptional corepressor, functions as an oncogene in multiple cancer types, including osteosarcoma, by modulating the transcription of many tumor suppressors, such as cadherin 1 (CDH1), phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN), Bcl2-associated X (Bax), Bcl-2-interacting mediator (Bim), and cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1A (CDKN1A). However, it is still unclear how CtBP1 regulates the expression of these downstream targets. Here, we identified that CtBP1 is overexpressed in osteosarcoma cells and found that CtBP1 directly interacts with the transcription factor forkhead box O3 (FOXO3a) and the histone acetyltransferase p300 in vivo and in vitro.

[Improved effects of saponins from Panax japonicus on decline of cognitive function in natural aging rats via NLRP3 inflammasome pathway].

The aim of this paper was to investigate the effect of total saponins from Panax japonicus( SPJ) on cognitive decline of natural aging rats and its mechanism. Thirty male SD rats of eighteen month old were randomly divided into three groups: aged group,10 mg·kg~(-1) SPJ-treated group and 30 mg·kg~(-1) SPJ-treated group. The SPJ-treated groups were given SPJ at the dosages of 10 mg·kg~(-1) and 30 mg·kg~(-1),respectively,from the age of 18 to 24 months.

[Effect of saponins extracted from Panax japonicas on inhibiting myocardial fibrosis by TGF-β1/Smad3 signaling pathway in aging rats].

To investigate the amelioration effect of saponins extracted from Panax japonicas (SPJ) on myocardial fibrosis in natural aging rats and its mechanisms, male SD rats aged 18 months were randomly divided into 3 groups (aging model group, low-dose SPJ group and high-dose SPJ group), with 10 rats in each group. SPJ groups were given SPJ at different doses (10, 60 mg·kg⁻¹·d⁻¹) consecutively for 6 months, meanwhile, aging model group was treated with the equal volume of saline for 6 months until 24 months old. Another 10 rats aged 6 month were used as young control group.

[Effect of saponins extracted from Panax japonicus on inhibiting cardiomyocyte apoptosis by AMPK/Sirt1/NF-κB signaling pathway in aging rats].

To investigate the effects of saponins extracted from Panax japonicus(SPJ) on cardiomyocyte apoptosis in natural aging rats and explore its underlying mechanisms. SD male rats were randomly divided into four groups: young control group, natural aging group, SPJ low dose group and SPJ high dose group, with 10 rats in each group. The rats in natural aging group, SPJ low and high dose groups were respectively treated with normal saline, SPJ 10 and 60 mg•kg-1•d-1 from the beginning of 18 month-old, 6 days per week for 6 months till 24 month-old.

Saponins from attenuate age-related neuroinflammation regulation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathways.

Neuroinflammation is recognized as an important pathogenic factor for aging and related cognitive disorders. Mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor kappa B signaling pathways may mediate neuroinflammation. Saponins from Panax japonicus are the most abundant and bioactive members in rhizomes of Panax japonicus, and show anti-inflammatory activity.

[Protective effect of total saponins of Panax notoginseng combined with total flavonoids of epimedium on D-galactose-incuced senescence of H9c2 cell].

To investigate the protective effect of Panax notoginseng saponins combined with total flavonoids of epimedium on D-gal-induced senescence of H9c2 cells and explore its underlying mechanisms. The 50 mol•L⁻¹ D-gal was used to induce H9c2 cells senescence. Different concentrations of TPNS, TFE, and TPNS combined with TFE were used for 4 hours for pre-treatment.

Nilotinib reverses ABCB1/P-glycoprotein-mediated multidrug resistance but increases cardiotoxicity of doxorubicin in a MDR xenograft model.

The BCR-Abl tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI), nilotinib, was developed to surmount resistance or intolerance to imatinib in patients with Philadelphia-positive chronic myelogenous leukemia. Recent studies have shown that nilotinib induces potent sensitization to anticancer agents by blocking the functions of ABCB1/P-glycoprotein (P-gp) in multidrug resistance (MDR). However, changes in P-gp expression or function affect the cardiac disposition and prolong the presence of both doxorubicin (DOX) and doxorubicinol (DOXol) in cardiac tissue, thus, enhancing the risk of cardiotoxicity.

Chikusetsusaponin V attenuates lipopolysaccharide-induced liver injury in mice.

Chikusetsusaponin V (CsV), a saponin from Panax japonicus, has been reported to inhibit inflammatory responses in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophage cells. However, whether CsV could alleviate LPS-induced liver injury in vivo and the potential mechanisms involved remain unclear. In the present study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of CsV on LPS-induced acute liver injury in mice and further explored the potential mechanisms involved.

Differential controls on soil carbon density and mineralization among contrasting forest types in a temperate forest ecosystem.

Understanding the controls on soil carbon dynamics is crucial for modeling responses of ecosystem carbon balance to global change, yet few studies provide explicit knowledge on the direct and indirect effects of forest stands on soil carbon via microbial processes. We investigated tree species, soil, and site factors in relation to soil carbon density and mineralization in a temperate forest of central China. We found that soil microbial biomass and community structure, extracellular enzyme activities, and most of the site factors studied varied significantly across contrasting forest types, and that the associations between activities of soil extracellular enzymes and microbial community structure appeared to be weak and inconsistent across forest types, implicating complex mechanisms in the microbial regulation of soil carbon metabolism in relation to tree species.

Could the X(3915) and the X(3930) Be the Same Tensor State?

By using a combined amplitude analysis of the γγ→DD̅ and γγ→J/ψω data, we demonstrate that the X(3915), which is quoted as a J(PC)=0(++) state in the Particle Data Group table, is favored by the data to be a J(PC)=2(++) state appearing in both channels, which means that the X(3915) and the X(3930) can be regarded as the same J(PC)=2(++) state. Meanwhile, the data also prefer a large helicity-0 contribution of this tensor resonance to the amplitudes instead of the helicity-2 dominance assumed by BABAR, which may indicate a sizable portion of non-qq̅ components in this state. Identifying the X(3915) with the X(3930) and abandoning the helicity-2 dominance for this tensor state are helpful for the further understandings of the properties of this state and also of the mysterious "XYZ" charmoniumlike resonances.