Soil microbial community composition and nitrogen enrichment responses to the operation of electric power substation.

The surge in global energy demand mandates a significant expansion of electric power substations. Nevertheless, the ecological consequences of electric power substation operation, particularly concerning the electromagnetic field, on soil microbial communities and nitrogen enrichment remain unexplored. In this study, we collected soil samples from six distinct sites at varying distances from an electric power substation in Xintang village, southeastern China, and investigated the impacts of electromagnetic field on the microbial diversity and community structures employing metagenomic sequencing technique.

Comparison of bispectral index and patient state index as measures of sedation depth during surgeries using remimazolam tosilate.

Background: The Bispectral Index (BIS) and the Patient State Index (PSI) are commonly used measures to assess intraoperative sedation depth. However, model differences lead to different results, which in turn interferes with clinicians' judgment on the depth of anesthesia. Remimazolam tosilate (RT) for injection is a new benzodiazepine used in sedation.

Moderate sedation with single-dose remimazolam tosilate in elderly male patients undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate with spinal anesthesia: a prospective, single-arm, single-centre clinical trial.

Background: Remimazolam tosilate (RT) is a newly listed benzodiazepine for sedation and anesthesia featuring quick onset of effects, short maintenance and recovery times, which is currently under research. This trial was conducted to determine the median effective dose (ED) and the 95% effective dose (ED) of single-dose remimazolam for moderate sedation in elderly patients undergoing transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) under spinal anesthesia, and to evaluate its efficacy and safety.

Methods: Thirty male patients aged 65-80 years old were recruited for selective TURP.

Phosphazene-derived stable and robust artificial SEI for protecting lithium anodes of Li-O batteries.

A stable artificial solid electrolyte interphase (ASEI) containing phosphazene and perfluoroalkoxy groups was designed to protect Li anodes. The ASEI with high ionic conductivity and mechanical robustness successfully suppressed the growth of Li dendrites, significantly enhancing the electrochemical performance of the Li-O2 batteries.

New advances in the diagnosis of primary aldosteronism.

Primary aldosteronism (PA) is a common form of endocrine hypertension. The diagnostic process of PA includes a screening test, confirmatory test, and subtype classification. In this review, we have summarized the latest advances in the diagnosis of PA with regard to screening and confirmatory tests and provided some recommendations to improve clinical practice.

Evaluation of the absolute bioavailability of pegylated interferon alfa-2a after subcutaneous administration to healthy male volunteers: an open-label, randomized, parallel-group study.

Background: Interferon (IFN)-based therapy is the recommended treatment for hepatitis C virus. Because pegylated IFN (PEG-IFN) alfa-2a is administered subcutaneously, it is of interest to determine the proportion of the dose that is absorbed from the subcutaneous (SC) tissue and ultimately reaches systemic circulation.

Objective: The goal of this study was to characterize the absolute bioavailability of PEG-IFN alfa-2a (40 kDa) after SC dosing (180 μg) and to evaluate the pharmacokinetics of PEG-IFN alfa-2a after intravenous (IV) and SC administration.

Effect of peginterferon alfa-2a (40KD) on cytochrome P450 isoenzyme activity.

Aim: Pegylated interferon-based therapy is recommended for treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection. Because interferons are known to down-regulate hepatic cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, which are involved in drug metabolism and clearance, there is a need to investigate the effect of peginterferon (PEG-IFN) alfa-2a (40KD) on the activity of these enzymes in vivo.

Methods: Fourteen healthy, male volunteers aged 18 to 45 years were recruited into an open label, two period, single centre study in which CYP enzyme activity was measured by administration of the selectively metabolized probe drugs theophylline (CYP1A2), tolbutamide (CYP2C9), mephenytoin (CYP2C19), debrisoquine (CYP2D6) and dapsone (CYP3A4) on day 1 of the study.

Phase I study of RO4929097, a gamma secretase inhibitor of Notch signaling, in patients with refractory metastatic or locally advanced solid tumors.

Purpose: To determine the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) and assess safety, pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and evidence of antitumor activity of RO4929097, a gamma secretase inhibitor of Notch signaling in patients with advanced solid malignancies.

Patients And Methods: Patients received escalating doses of RO4929097 orally on two schedules: (A) 3 consecutive days per week for 2 weeks every 3 weeks; (B) 7 consecutive days every 3 weeks. To assess reversible CYP3A4 autoinduction, the expanded part of the study tested three dosing schedules: (B) as above; modified A, 3 consecutive d/wk for 3 weeks; and (C) continuous daily dosing.

[Pathologic observation on animal model of silicosis].

Objective: To explore the pathological changes of pulmonary fibrosis induced by SiO2 in rats and pigs.

Methods: The silicosis models in rats and pigs were established by non-exposure method. The pathologic changes in lung tissues of rats and pigs were observed with HE staining under a light microscopy and under a transmission electron microscopy (TEM), the expression of cytokines was detected by immunohistochemistry.

Mechanism of amyloid removal in patients with Alzheimer disease treated with gantenerumab.

Background: Gantenerumab is a fully human anti-Aβ monoclonal antibody in clinical development for the treatment of Alzheimer disease (AD).

Objectives: To investigate whether treatment with gantenerumab leads to a measurable reduction in the level of Aβ amyloid in the brain and to elucidate the mechanism of amyloid reduction.

Design: A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, ascending-dose positron emission tomographic study.

[Study on the level of specific IgG, IgG1 and IgE during anaphylactic shock in sheep induced by Echinococcus granulosus].

Objective: To investigate the change of specific antibodies IgG, IgG1 subclass and IgE in sheep infected with Echinococcus granulosus (E. g) during anaphylactic shock, and to observe antigen B reactivity against IgG antibody in E. g-infected sheep.