Pembrolizumab for choroidal metastases from non-small cell lung cancer: a case report and literature review.

We described a 65-year-old male with choroidal metastases (CM) from non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Pembrolizumab (Keytruda) combined with pemetrexed and capecitabine achieved excellent outcomes. After two cycles of pembrolizumab and chemotherapy, blurred vision and left eye pain were significantly relieved.

Modified viscocanalostomy in the Chinese population with open angle glaucoma: a 10-year follow-up results.

Aim: To study the long-term efficacy and safety of modified viscocanalostomy in Chinese people with open angle glaucoma (OAG).

Methods: This retrospective study included a total of 100 eyes from 100 Chinese patients with medically uncontrolled OAG. All the patients underwent modified viscocanalostomy with injection of viscoelastic material in the surgically created ostia of Schlemm's canal (SC).

Activation of Nrf2/HO-1 pathway protects retinal ganglion cells from a rat chronic ocular hypertension model of glaucoma.

Objective: The objective of this work was to find out the effects of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor/heme oxygenase-1 (Nrf2/HO-1) pathway on retinal ganglion cell (RGC) injury in glaucoma.

Methods: The chronic ocular hypertension (COH) rat models of glaucoma were constructed, and intraocular pressure (IOP) and RGC numbers were detected at different time points. Additionally, rats were divided into normal group (normal control rats), model group (COH model rats), and model + tBHQ group (COH model rats treated with Nrf activator, tBHQ).

Methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase C677T polymorphism and diabetic retinopathy risk: a meta-analysis of the Chinese population.

Objectives: This study evaluated associations between methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase () C677T polymorphisms and diabetic retinopathy (DR) susceptibility within the Chinese population.

Methods: Five databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure) were used for literature searches of open access articles from inception through April 2017.

Results: Eight publications were identified involving 600 DR cases, 363 healthy controls, and 646 nondiabetic retinopathy (NDR) controls.

NKILA inhibition protects retinal pigment epithelium cells from hypoxia by facilitating NFκB activation.

Sustained retinal hypoxia causes injuries to retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells. We studied expression and potential functions of nuclear factor-κB (NFκB) Interacting LncRNA (NKILA) in hypoxia-treated RPE cells. Hypoxia induced NKILA expression, NKILA-IκBα association and NFκB activation in ARPE-19 cells and primary human RPE cells.

Viscocanalostomy combined with trabeculotomy and mitomycin C in the treatment of primary congenital glaucoma.

Aim: To evaluate the long-term outcome of viscocanalostomy combined with trabeculotomy and mitomycin C in the treatment of primary congenital glaucoma.

Methods: This is a retrospective study. Forty-two eyes of 26 patients with primary congenital glaucoma were enrolled.

Paeoniflorin Suppressed High Glucose-Induced Retinal Microglia MMP-9 Expression and Inflammatory Response via Inhibition of TLR4/NF-κB Pathway Through Upregulation of SOCS3 in Diabetic Retinopathy.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a serious-threatening complication of diabetes and urgently needed to be treated. Evidence has accumulated indicating that microglia inflammation within the retina plays a critical role in DR. Microglial matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) has an important role in the destruction of the integrity of the blood-retinal barrier (BRB) associated with the development of DR.

Influence of the hypothalamic arcuate nucleus on intraocular pressure and the role of opioid peptides.

Background: An opioid peptide neuron/humoral feedback regulation might be involved in changes of intraocular pressure (IOP). The aims of this study are to investigate the effects of arcuate nucleus (ARC) and opioid peptides on intraocular pressure (IOP).

Methods: Fifty-four healthy purebred New Zealand white rabbits (108 eyes) were randomly divided into 4 groups, including control group, electrical stimulation group, [D-Ala2, N-Me-Phe4, Gly5-ol]-enkephalin (DAMGO) group, and [D-Pen 2, D-Pen5]- enkephalin (DPDPE) group.

[The effect of AQP4 knock out on retinal electrophysiology in laser-induced ocular hypertension mice].

Objective: To investigate the effect of aquaporin 4 (AQP4) knock out (KO) on the dysfunction of retinal ganglion cells (RGC) in laser-induced ocular hypertension (OHT) mice.

Methods: Experimental study. AQP4 KO mice (n = 18, 36 eyes) and wide type (WT) mice (n = 18, 36 eyes) were used.

[Recent advances in viscocanalostomy for primary open-angle glaucoma].

Viscocanalostomy is used as the surgical intervention for open angle glaucoma. It has advantage of creating gradual filtration through the thin trabeculo-descemet membrane to reduce markedly the postoperative complications. Lately, many surgeons modified VCO, like combined it with phacoemulsification, or use the implant.

A retrospective and consecutive study of viscocanalostomy versus trabeculectomy for primary congenital glaucoma.

Background: Surgical interventions are the main treatment for primary congenital glaucoma (PCG). This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety between viscocanalostomy and mitomycin C (MMC)-trabeculectomy in patients with PCG.

Methods: A total number of 43 patients with PCG who underwent either viscocanalostomy (group 1) or MMC- trabeculectomy (group 2) between June 2003 and June 2008 were retrospectively reviewed.

[The effect of AQP4 gene on the activation of retinal glial cells in chronic high intraocular pressure mice].

Objectives: To investigate whether aquaporin 4 (AQP4) gene can affect the activation of glial cells and cause the injury of retina of chronic high intraocular pressure mice models, and to discuss its possible mechanism.

Methods: Experimental study. The chronic high intraocular pressure models were established by burning the scleral venous of the right eye, which as the experiment group, and the left eye without any treatment as the control group.

[Glaucoma clinical trials in China].

Large scale, multicenter, and randomized controlled glaucoma clinical trials are very important clinical research. The results of scientific evidences are useful to make clinical guideline of glaucoma prevention and management or working mode. Glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness in the world, which is associated with irreversible damage to optic disc.

[Comparative research of the efficacy of the gatifloxacin and levofloxacin for bacterial conjunctivitis in human eyes].

Objective: To evaluate the different efficacy and safety to the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis between the fluoroquinolone antibiotics gatifloxacin and levofloxacin.

Methods: A multi-centre, random, double-blind and control trial was performed in six centers including Eye Ear Nose and Throat Hospital of Fudan University, Henan Eye Institute, Eye Hospital Affiliated to Wenzhou Medical College, the First Affiliated Hospital Of Nanjing Medical University, Xijing Hospital Affiliated to the Fourth Military Medical University, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University between August 2006 and October 2007. The levofloxacin was set as the efficient control.

[Modified viscocanalostomy for the surgical treatment with primary open angle glaucoma].

Objective: To compare the clinical outcome of trabeculectomy with viscocanalostomy in patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG).

Methods: 100 patients (100 eyes) with uncontrolled POAG were randomly assigned to either trabeculectomy group (50 eyes) or viscocanalostomy (VCO) group (50 eyes) and followed up for average 28 months. Intraocular pressure (IOP) was measured with a non-contact Topcon CT80 tonometer.

Genistein inhibited retinal neovascularization and expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and hypoxia inducible factor 1alpha in a mouse model of oxygen-induced retinopathy.

The effects of genistein on neovascularization, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), and hypoxia inducible factor 1alpha (HIF1alpha) protein expression in a mouse model of oxygen-induced retinopathy were studied. The model of oxygen-induced retinal neovascularization was induced in newborn C57BL/6 mice by exposing 7-day-old mice to 75% oxygen for 5 days and then housing them in room air (relative hypoxia). Retinopathy was assessed by quantitation of vascular cell nuclei anterior to inner limiting membrane.

Genistein suppressed upregulation of vascular endothelial growth factor expression by cobalt chloride and hypoxia in rabbit retinal pigment epithelium cells.

The time course changes of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) protein expression induced by cobalt chloride (CoCl(2)) and hypoxia and the effects of genistein on CoCl(2)- and hypoxia-induced VEGF expression in rabbit retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells were studied. Judged by relative fluorescence using a confocal scanning laser microscope coupled to a computer, VEGF protein expression exposed for different periods to CoCl(2) or hypoxia was investigated. CoCl(2) was found to significantly elevate VEGF protein expression.