A new model for dynamic mapping of effective connectivity in task fMRI.

Whole-brain dynamic functional connectivity is a growing area in neuroimaging research, encompassing data-driven methods for investigating how large-scale brain networks dynamically reorganize during resting states. However, this approach has been rarely applied to functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) data acquired during task performance. In this study, we first combined the psychophysiological interactions (PPI) and sliding-window methods to analyze dynamic effective connectivity of fMRI data obtained from subjects performing the N-back task within the Human Connectome Project dataset.

Analysis of injuries and treatment of 3,401 inpatients in 2008 Wenchuan earthquake--based on Chinese Trauma Databank.

Objective: A catastrophic earthquake struck Wenchuan region of West China on May 12, 2008 and caused more than 69 225 deaths. This study was to analyze injury characteristics and treatment of the seismic patients based on Chinese Trauma Databank, which will be helpful for improvement of future medical rescue in potential disasters.

Methods: Based on inpatients'medical records of seismic patients admitted into 11 hospitals, data were registered with Trauma Database System Version 3.

[Effects of stimulation of intact vagus nerve on systemic inflammatory response in rats].

Objective: To observe the effects of stimulation of intact vagus nerve (IVNS) on systemic inflammatory response in rats.

Methods: The model of systemic inflammatory response was reproduced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). One hundred Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into A group (with intravenous injection of LPS), B group (with stimulation of efferent nerve trunk of vagus nerve after intravenous injection of lipopolysaccharide and vagotomy), C group (with stimulation of intact vagus nerve after intravenous injection of LPS), D group (with vagus nerve stimulation after injection of equivalent isotonic saline), E group (with intravenous injection of equivalent isotonic saline), with 20 rats in each group.

[Characteristics of acute and chronic intoxication induced by rocket propellant nitrogen tetroxide].

Objective: To investigate the characteristics of acute and chronic injuries of the nitrogen tetroxide, a kind of propellant of rocket.

Method: 128 male rats were divided randomly into 4 groups: acute control group (56), acute nitrogen tetroxide intoxication group (56), long-term response group (8). The animals were killed sequentially at 3, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 h.

[Comparative study on physical parameters and biological effects of blast wave on plateau and on plain].

Objective: To compare the physical parameters and biological effects of blast wave on plateau and on plain.

Methods: Twenty-five pigs were divided into two groups: plateau group (n=15) and plain group (n=10). They were placed either 5 meters or 6 meters away from the site of explosion.

[Intoxication induced by unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine: characteristics and mechanism of its acute and chronic injuries].

Objective: To investigate the characteristics and mechanism of the acute and chronic injuries induced by unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine (UDMH).

Methods: A total of 128 male rats were randomly divided into four groups: UDMH intoxication acute response group and chronic response group, and corresponding control groups. UDMH was administrated through inhalation at the concentration of 8x10(-4)g/m(3) for 15 minutes.

[Pathomorphological changes in abdominal viscerae in dogs subjected to underwater blast wave injury].

Objective: To explore the pathomorphological changes in abdominal viscerae injuries produced by underwater blast waves.

Methods: Sixty-one adult mongrel dogs were used in this study. Underwater explosions in different intensity were produced by detonating 200 g, 500 g and 1,000 g TNT, respectively.

Treatment of 209 cases of liver injury.

Objective: To summarize the experience of the treatment of traumatic hepatorrhexis.

Methods: The clinical data of 209 cases of liver trauma treated in the three affiliated hospitals of the Third Military Medical University from 1989 to 1999 were retrospectively analyzed. Among the 209 patients, 108 (51.

[Role of thyroid hormone in peripheral nerve regeneration].

Objective: To review the role of thyroid hormone in the peripheral nerve regeneration.

Methods: The recent literatures of experimental study and clinical application on the role of thyroid hormone in nerve regeneration were reviewed. The researches on expression, isoform and changes of thyroid hormones in rat sciatic nerve in normal or injury were summarized.

[Ultrastructural features of cultured rat cortical astrocytes with stretch-induced injury].

Objective: To investigate the changes of ultrastructural features of cultured rat cortical astrocytes after stretch-induced injury.

Methods: Rat cortical astrocytes isolated from 1- to 2-day-old rats were cultured till confluency, and then plated in tissue culture wells with flexible silastic bottom after purification. A computer-controlled device was used to produce stretch-induced injury in the astrocytes with the imposed pressure of 50, 150, and 250 kPa respectively, followed by observation of the ultrastructural changes in the astrocytes with light and electron microscopy.