Publications by authors named "Zhi-hua Huang"
Article Synopsis
- HIV infection is linked to bone loss and increased fracture risk, influenced by the balance between osteoclasts and osteoblasts, as well as immune cells releasing RANKL.
- HIV proteins can exacerbate bone loss by promoting inflammatory responses, which further disrupts bone metabolism.
- While antiretroviral therapy improves HIV survival, its effects on bone health, particularly with drugs like tenofovir, highlight the need for management strategies to prevent bone loss in HIV patients.
Background: Natural products are important sources of biopesticides to control plant virus, and flavonoids are identified as promising anti-tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) agents. Since Desmodium caudatum is a rich source of flavonoids, this study focuses on the discovery of the new anti-TMV active flavonoids from D. caudatum and their possible mode of action.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCrosstalk Between Autophagy and Inflammation in Chronic Cerebral Ischaemia.
Cell Mol Neurobiol
August 2023
Article Synopsis
- Chronic cerebral ischaemia (CCI) is a prevalent condition in healthcare that involves complex mechanisms, still under debate among experts, highlighting the need for understanding its development and treatment strategies.
- Autophagy and inflammation are crucial in CCI, but their interaction is not well understood, prompting a review of their roles and pathways during the disease's progression from acute events to chronic forms.
- The review aims to clarify the relationship between these two processes and provide insights for future research and therapies targeting CCI.
Article Synopsis
- Fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) shows promise as a treatment for various intestinal disorders in children, but concerns about long-term safety and effectiveness remain, with only a few studies focusing on children.
- In a study of 74 patients who received 508 FMT treatments, short-term adverse events were noted in 35.1% of participants, mostly occurring within 2 days and were typically self-limiting, with ulcerative colitis linked to higher event rates.
- While the initial clinical remission rate post-FMT was high at 72.9%, it declined over time, and follow-ups revealed no significant long-term health issues, though some children experienced minor conditions like rhinitis and constipation.
Article Synopsis
- The hepatitis B virus (HBV) core protein plays a crucial role in the viral life cycle, and compounds like Bay41-4109 can alter this by disrupting HBV capsid assembly.
- Bay41-4109 induces the formation of non-capsid polymers, whose removal from cells is dependent on the E3 ubiquitin ligase STUB1, which helps transport these polymers for degradation.
- Enhancing STUB1 levels boosts the effectiveness of Bay41-4109 in reducing HBV production and cccDNA formation, indicating potential for targeted HBV treatment strategies.
Article Synopsis
- Neuropathic pain is a widespread public health issue, prompting the urgent need for new treatment strategies.
- Sedum Lineare Thunb. (SLT), a Chinese herb with known anti-inflammatory properties, was tested on a rat model of neuropathic pain to investigate its anti-nociceptive effects.
- Results showed that SLT reduced pain-related behaviors and inflammation in the spinal cord, suggesting it may be an effective therapeutic agent by blocking certain pain-related signaling pathways.
Article Synopsis
- * A study of 41 patients in Nanchang, China, between February and March 2020 revealed that most had close contact with confirmed cases and exhibited common symptoms like fever and cough, with a median age of 39.9 years.
- * All patients recovered, but findings indicated high levels of certain cytokines and other abnormal laboratory results, suggesting the need for monitoring these biochemical markers in patients with mild symptoms.
Article Synopsis
- Neuropathic pain significantly impacts patients' quality of life, and current treatment options are limited.
- This study investigates the effects of 2 Hz electroacupuncture (EA) on neuropathic pain in spared nerve injury (SNI) rats, focusing on the BDNF/TrκB signaling pathway in the spinal cord.
- Results indicate that 2 Hz EA reduces neuropathic pain and mechanical hypersensitivity by down-regulating BDNF and TrκB expression, suggesting BDNF/TrκB signaling as a potential target for treating neuropathic pain.
Article Synopsis
- Statins help lower the risk of post-contrast acute kidney injury (PC-AKI) in patients getting heart procedures, but the effects of specific statins like rosuvastatin and atorvastatin in STEMI patients are uncertain.
- A study involving 1,300 STEMI patients undergoing PCI revealed similar PC-AKI rates between those taking atorvastatin (19.1%) and rosuvastatin (17.7%), indicating no significant difference in efficacy.
- Both statins also showed comparable outcomes in terms of in-hospital mortality and major adverse clinical events, confirming that rosuvastatin is just as effective as atorvastatin in preventing PC-AKI in this patient group.
Article Synopsis
- Neuropathic pain significantly affects quality of life and needs more effective treatment options; this study investigates the effects of 2 Hz electroacupuncture (EA) on this condition, focusing on the role of interferon regulatory factor 8 (IRF8) in a rat model of spared nerve injury (SNI).
- The research showed that SNI increased the expression of IRF8 and CX3CR1, which are associated with nerve pain and microglial activation, while treatment with 2 Hz EA reduced their levels and reversed microglial activation in the spinal cord.
- The findings suggest that targeting IRF8 through 2 Hz EA could be a promising approach for alleviating neuropathic pain.
Article Synopsis
- Atrial fibrillation (AF) affects about 11.62% of patients with pulmonary embolism (PE), indicating a notable prevalence in this group.
- Patients with AF and PE are more likely to experience severe cases (massive PE), have higher mortality rates, and require longer hospital stays (averaging 6.24 days).
- Overall, AF is linked to increased complications and nonhome discharges, underscoring its impact on patient outcomes in those hospitalized for PE.
Article Synopsis
- Neuropathic pain poses a global health issue, and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) has been linked to its development; targeting HMGB1 could be a new treatment strategy.
- Electroacupuncture (EA) at 2Hz was tested on rats with spared nerve injury (SNI), demonstrating improvements in pain sensitivity and gait while regulating HMGB1/NF-κB signaling.
- The findings suggest that inhibiting the HMGB1/NF-κB pathway in the spinal cord may enhance the effectiveness of EA in managing neuropathic pain from SNI.
Article Synopsis
- The study investigates sodium taurocholate cotransporting polypeptide (NTCP) deficiency in 13 pediatric patients, revealing it is more clinically significant than previously thought.
- The analysis included a comprehensive review of clinical data, laboratory results, imaging, and histopathologic findings, confirming that all patients showed high serum bile acid levels, with many presenting visible jaundice and hyperbilirubinemia.
- Histopathological examinations indicated slightly chronic inflammation in most patients' liver biopsies, suggesting that while NTCP deficiency can be asymptomatic, it can also lead to noticeable symptoms like jaundice and gallstones in some cases.
[Effects of Ringer's solution with different concentrations of alcohol on biphasic compound action potentials of frog sciatic nerve trunk].
Zhongguo Ying Yong Sheng Li Xue Za Zhi
May 2019
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to examine how different concentrations of alcohol in Ringer's solution affect the action potentials of frog sciatic nerves, focusing on recovery after exposure.
- Ringer's solution with alcohol concentrations up to 4% showed minimal impact on nerve signals, whereas concentrations of 8% and above caused significant reductions in nerve signal amplitude and conduction speed.
- Higher alcohol concentrations (16% and above) severely impaired the ability of nerves to generate action potentials and hindered recovery, with no recovery observed at 48% alcohol and higher levels.
Article Synopsis
- Neonatal cholestasis is a serious condition in infants, with progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC) being a common cause alongside biliary atresia (BA), making the diagnosis challenging for doctors.
- The case involved a 4-month-old girl with severe jaundice and abnormal ultrasound findings, which led to the diagnosis of biliary atresia combined with PFIC3 confirmed by genetic testing.
- Treatment included Kasai portoenterostomy and medication, resulting in improved clinical symptoms and blood test results, with no recurrence observed during follow-up.
Vascular dementia (VD) results from accumulated damage in the vascular system, which is characterized by progressive impairments in memory and cognition and is second only to Alzheimer's disease (AD) in prevalence among all types of dementia. In contrast to AD, there is no FDA-approved treatment for VD owing to its multiple etiologies. In this study, we investigated whether CZ-7, a new derivative of Claulansine F (Clau F) with verified neuroprotective activity in vitro, could ameliorate the cognitive impairment of rats with permanent occlusion of bilateral common carotid arteries (2VO) and its potential mechanisms of action.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The guidelines addressed the evidence-based indications for the management of children with acute infectious diarrhea in Chinese pediatric population.
Data Sources: The experts group of evidence development put forward clinical problems, collects evidence, forms preliminary recommendations, and then uses open-ended discussions to form recommendations. The literature review was done for developing this guideline in databases including PubMed, Cochrane, EMBASE, China Biomedical Database, and Chinese Journal Full-text Database up to June 2013.
Article Synopsis
- 3'-Daidzein sulfonate sodium (DSS), a water-soluble compound from daidzein, is studied for its potential neuroprotective effects against hippocampal damage and memory impairment.
- Rat models with chronic cerebral hypoperfusion were treated with varying doses of DSS for five weeks, and tests including the Morris water maze and TUNEL assay showed that DSS significantly improved learning and memory, reduced neuron apoptosis, and enhanced key signaling proteins in the hippocampus.
- The results suggest that DSS may offer protection against memory deficits and brain damage by activating the PKA/ERK1/2/CREB signaling pathway.
Article Synopsis
- Alagille syndrome (AGS) is a multisystem disorder caused by mutations in the JAG1 or NOTCH2 genes, presenting diverse clinical symptoms that complicate its diagnosis.
- A study involving 16 children with AGS revealed that cholestasis, heart disease, and distinctive facial features were prevalent, while biochemical analyses indicated significantly elevated liver enzymes and cholesterol compared to biliary atresia patients.
- The findings emphasize the variable nature of AGS symptoms and the importance of genetic testing, along with specific biochemical markers, in reaching a diagnosis.
Article Synopsis
- The study aimed to differentiate biliary atresia (BA) from non-BA-related cholestasis in infants with jaundice, evaluating various diagnostic methods from May 2007 to June 2011.
- A total of 396 infants were assessed, with 178 diagnosed with BA and 218 with non-BA cholestasis, highlighting the importance of swift and accurate diagnosis for treatment effectiveness.
- The evaluation compared multiple diagnostic techniques, showing varying levels of accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values, with liver biopsy and MRCP among the most reliable methods for diagnosing BA.
Article Synopsis
- The study enhances the export coefficient model for calculating nitrogen and phosphorus pollutant loads from non-point sources, considering various environmental factors.
- The case study focuses on Chenghai Lake in Yunnan Province, finding that agricultural land is the leading contributor to dissolved nitrogen and phosphorus pollution.
- Effective control of pollution from rural living, livestock, and fertilizer use could significantly reduce these pollutant loads, showcasing the model's applicability for environmental management in similar regions.
Article Synopsis
- F-652 is a recombinant fusion protein made from two IL-22 molecules linked to an IgG-Fc region, important for tissue repair and fighting bacterial infections.
- A study with healthy male volunteers showed that while there were mild injection site reactions after subcutaneous administration, no severe adverse events occurred following intravenous doses.
- The intravenous administration of F-652 demonstrated safe and favorable pharmacokinetics, indicating potential for further clinical development in treating inflammatory diseases.
Article Synopsis
- The study explores the effects of fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT) on infants suffering from allergic colitis (AC), focusing on symptom relief and changes in gut microbiota.
- After FMT, 17 out of 19 infants experienced symptom relief within two days, with no relapses observed over 15 months, indicating a strong clinical success rate.
- Analysis of stool samples showed an increase in gut microbiota diversity and specific shifts in bacterial composition, suggesting that FMT not only alleviates AC symptoms but also enhances gut health.
Alpha-7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (α7nAChR) was reported to be involved in the modulation of neuropathic pain. Electroacupuncture (EA) has therapeutic effects on neuropathic pain induced by nerve injury, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. The present study was designed to investigate whether α7nAChR participates in the relieving effects of 2 Hz EA on neuropathic pain.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- 3'-Daidzein sulfonate sodium is a new water-soluble compound derived from daidzein, which has shown protective effects against brain injuries caused by lack of blood flow in rats.
- The compound significantly reduced mitochondrial damage, improved mitochondrial function, and enhanced antioxidant activities while decreasing harmful substances in the cells.
- Additionally, it helped maintain the structural integrity of the blood-brain barrier and reduced its permeability, indicating its potential for further research in protecting brain health post-injury.