Present situation and prospect of immunotherapy for unresectable locally advanced esophageal cancer during peri-radiotherapy.

Four major studies (Checkmate577, Keynote-590, Checkmate649 and Attraction-4) of locally advanced esophageal cancer published in 2020 have established the importance of immunotherapy, represented by anti-programmed death protein (PD)-1 in postoperative adjuvant treatment and advanced first-line treatment of locally advanced or advanced esophageal cancer and esophagogastric junction cancer, from the aspects of proof of concept, long-term survival, overall survival rate and progression-free survival. For unresectable or inoperable nonmetastatic esophageal cancer, concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy is the standard treatment recommended by various guidelines. Because its curative effect is still not ideal, it is necessary to explore radical radiotherapy and chemotherapy in the future, and it is considered to be promising to combine them with immunotherapeutic drugs such as anti-PD-1.

Real-world treatment patterns and survival for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

The "real world" treatment mode and clinical efficacy of locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (LAESCC) are unclear. Meanwhile, the role of immunotherapy in the clinical practice is also puzzling. We conducted the research to investigate the statue of "real world" LAESCC.

Treating the primary in low burden metastatic prostate cancer: Where do we stand?

On the basis of endocrine therapy for patients with low burden metastatic prostate cancer (LBMP), the clinical efficacy and quality of life were compared between prostate-only directed radiotherapy (PODT) and prostate and metastasis radiotherapy (PMRT).From November 2009 to November 2015, total 91 patients newly diagnosed with LBMP were retrospectively analyzed, of which 52 patients received PODT and 39 patients received PMRT. The biochemical failure free interval (IBF), prostate specific survival (PCSS), and overall survival (OS) time were compared between the 2 groups, and expanded prostate cancer index composite (EPIC) scale was used to evaluate the difference in quality of life between the 2 groups.

Does brain radiotherapy improve survival in patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma with brain metastasis?

Background: To investigate the clinical characteristics, influencing factors, and their impact on survival in patients with brain metastases from esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (BM-ESCC).

Methods: A total of 67 patients with patients with newly diagnosed BM-ESCC were retrospectively analyzed from December 2000 to December 2016, in order to examine the correlation between clinicopathological characteristics and brain metastases, and between brain metastases and survival.

Results: The number of BM-ESCC was positively correlated with T and N stages (P<0.

Pharmacokinetic interaction between a Chinese herbal formula Huosu Yangwei oral liquid and apatinib in vitro and in vivo.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the inhibitory effects of Huosu Yangwei oral liquid (HSYW) on cytochrome P450 enzymes (CYPs) and to investigate whether this herbal medicine could modulate the pharmacokinetic behaviour of the co-administered CYP-substrate drug apatinib.

Methods: Cytochrome P450 enzymes inhibition assays were conducted in human liver microsomes (HLM) by a LC-MS/MS method for simultaneous determination of the oxidative metabolites of eight probe substrates for hepatic CYPs. The modulatory effects of HSYW on the oxidative metabolism of apatinib were investigated in both HLM and rat liver microsomes (RLM).

Prostate cancer treated with reduced-volume intensity-modulated radiation therapy: Report on the 5-year outcome of a prospective series.

How to define a clinical target volume (CTV) as small as possible for prostate cancer to reduce the dose received by normal organs is an interesting study. We conduct a research to analyze the clinical efficacy of intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) using reduced CTV in the treatment of prostate cancer. From January 2006 to June 2010, 78 patients with prostate cancer were treated with IMRT according to this institutional protocol.

Cervical cancer treated with reduced-volume intensity-modulated radiation therapy base on Sedlis criteria (NCCN VS RTOG).

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the clinical efficacy of different target volumes in pelvic radiotherapy in postoperative treatment of cervical cancer based on the Sedlis criteria.

Methods: Patients who admitted to our department for post-operative radiotherapy of cervical cancer from December 2001 to December 2011 and met the Sedlis criteria were retrospectively analysed. The incidences of acute and late radiation injuries, and overall, disease-free and tumour-specific survival with reduced-volume pelvic and whole-pelvis radiotherapy were evaluated and compared.

Long-term cancer-related fatigue outcomes in patients with locally advanced prostate cancer after intensity-modulated radiotherapy combined with hormonal therapy.

The aim of our study was to investigate the relationship between cancer-related fatigue and clinical parameters, and the effect factors of fatigue for the prostate cancer patients. Long-term follow-up is performed using the Fatigue Symptom Inventory before treatment (A), at the end of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (B), and 3 months (C), 12 months (D), 24 months (E), 36 months (F), and 48 months (G) after the end of intensity-modulated radiotherapy. Three dimensions of fatigue are assessed during follow-up: severity, perceived interference with quality of life, and duration in the past week.

Adipocyte-derived PAMM suppresses macrophage inflammation by inhibiting MAPK signalling.

Macrophages within adipose tissue play a key role in mediating inflammatory responses in adipose tissue that are associated with obesity-related metabolic complications. In an effort to identify novel proteins secreted from adipocytes that may negatively regulate macrophage inflammation, we found that peroxiredoxin (PRX)-like 2 activated in M-CSF stimulated monocytes (PAMM), a CXXC-type PRX-like 2 domain-containing redox regulatory protein, is a novel secreted protein with potent anti-inflammatory properties. PAMM is secreted from mature human adipocytes but not preadipocytes.

Gene expression changes in residual advanced cervical cancer after radiotherapy: indicators of poor prognosis and radioresistance?

Background: Different sensitivity of advanced cervical cancer to irradiation can decrease effectiveness of radiotherapy in some cases. We attempted to identify the differentially expressed genes in residual cervical cancer after radiotherapy that might be associated with poor prognosis and radioresistance.

Material/methods: Differential genes expression was identified by an oligonucleotide microarray in cervical cancer tissues before radiation and after a 50-Gy dose of radiation.

Long-term quality of life outcomes in patients with locally advanced prostate cancer after intensity-modulated radiotherapy combined with androgen deprivation.

With great improvements in survival in patients with locally advanced prostate cancer, quality of life (QOL) is becoming an important factor in the selection of treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in health-related QOL in patients with locally advanced prostate cancer after intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) combined with androgen deprivation therapy. Patients were treated with IMRT combined with androgen deprivation.

Intensity-modulated radiotherapy combined with endocrine therapy for intermediate and advanced prostate cancer: long-term outcome of Chinese patients.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate acute adverse events and efficacy of three-dimensional intensity- modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) combined with endocrine therapy for intermediate and advanced prostate cancer.

Methods: Sixty-seven patients were treated with three-dimensional IMRT combined with maximum androgen blockade. The correlation between radiation-induced rectal injury and clinical factors was further analyzed.

A preliminary study on the consistency between the non-surgical staging and the surgical-pathological staging in oesophageal carcinoma.

OBJECTIVES To evaluate the consistency between the clinical staging of non-surgically treated oesophageal carcinoma (preliminary draft) and the surgical-pathological staging of the oesophageal carcinoma. METHODS Comprehensive clinical data from 112 patients with oesophageal cancer were collected from January 2009 to June 2010. Based on the clinical staging standard for oesophageal carcinomas treated with non-surgical methods, the preoperative TNM staging was performed and the results were compared with pTNM.

[Effect of ionization on the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha and VEGF in hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells under anoxic condition].

Objective: To investigate the effect of ionization on the expression of hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in human hepatocellular carcinoma HepG2 cells under anoxic condition, and search for an effective method for improving the radiosensitivity of the tumor cells.

Methods: HepG2 cells were divided into 4 groups, namely the control group, hypoxia group, ionization radiation group, and hypoxia and radiation group, with corresponding treatments. The cell apoptosis was detected by fluorescence microscope, and the cell viability analyzed by MTT assay.