Sevoflurane anesthesia during late gestation induces cognitive disorder in rat offspring via the TLR4/BDNF/TrkB/CREB pathway.

Sevoflurane (Sevo) is widely used for general anesthesia during pregnancy. Emerging evidence indicates that maternal Sevo exposure can trigger developmental neurotoxicity in the offspring. Nonetheless, the underlying mechanisms need further investigation.

The ever-lasting green tides: What can we do？.

Macroalgal blooms (Green tides) are occurring more frequently in many regions of the world because of the combined effects of increasingly intense human activity and climate change. In the last decade, the world's largest green tide has become a recurrent phenomenon, appearing every summer in the southern Yellow Sea, China. Green tides can hurt coastal tourism and eradicate aquaculture and artisanal fishing.

Exosomes from Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Alleviate Dexamethasone-Induced Bone Loss by Regulating the Nrf2/HO-1 Axis.

The widespread use of therapeutic glucocorticoids has increased the incidences of glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP). Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction are major causes of GIOP; therefore, alleviation of excess oxidative stress in osteoblasts is a potential therapeutic strategy for osteoporosis. Exosomes derived from ADSCs (ADSCs-Exos), as novel cell-free therapeutics, can modulate various biological processes, such as immunomodulation, reduce oxidative damage, and promote tissue repair as well as regeneration.

Aloe polysaccharide promotes osteogenesis potential of adipose-derived stromal cells via BMP-2/Smads and prevents ovariectomized-induced osteoporosis.

Background: Aloe polysaccharide (AP) is a type of an active macromolecule of Aloe vera, which contributes to its function. However, whether AP possesses anti-osteoporosis properties is unknown.

Methods: Adipose-derived stromal cells were treated with different concentrations of AP.

[Characteristics and Sources of Nitrated Phenols in Atmospheric Fine Particles of Northern Suburban Nanjing].

Nitrated phenols are a group of nitrogen-containing organics ubiquitously present in ambient air, which are also important components of atmospheric light-absorbing organic matter (brown carbon) that have significant impacts on climate change, air quality, and human health. In this study, we collected a total of 265 daily filter samples of fine particles (PM) in northern suburban Nanjing from March 2019 to January 2020. We used ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) to detect and quantify eight nitrated phenolic species.

Dexmedetomidine reduces enteric glial cell injury induced by intestinal ischaemia-reperfusion injury through mitochondrial localization of TERT.

This study was performed to uncover the effects of dexmedetomidine on oxidative stress injury induced by mitochondrial localization of telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) in enteric glial cells (EGCs) following intestinal ischaemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) in rat models. Following establishment of intestinal IRI models by superior mesenteric artery occlusion in Wistar rats, the expression and distribution patterns of TERT were detected. The IRI rats were subsequently treated with low or high doses of dexmedetomidine, followed by detection of ROS, MDA and GSH levels.

Melatonin alleviates hydrogen peroxide induced oxidative damage in MC3T3-E1 cells and promotes osteogenesis by activating SIRT1.

Oxidative stress is an important contributor to the development of osteoporosis. Melatonin, an indoleamine secreted by the pineal gland, has antioxidant properties. This study aims to explore whether melatonin can promote bone formation and elucidate the mechanisms underlying this process.

Remimazolam benzenesulfonate anesthesia effectiveness in cardiac surgery patients under general anesthesia.

Background: Sedation with propofol injections is associated with a risk of addiction, but remimazolam benzenesulfonate is a comparable anesthetic with a short elimination half-life and independence from cell P450 enzyme metabolism. Compared to remimazolam, remimazolam benzenesulfonate has a faster effect, is more quickly metabolized, produces inactive metabolites and has weak drug interactions. Thus, remimazolam benzenesulfonate has good effectiveness and safety for diagnostic and operational sedation.

Transcriptional regulator CTR9 promotes hepatocellular carcinoma progression and metastasis via increasing PEG10 transcriptional activity.

Cln Three Requiring 9 (CTR9), a scaffold protein of the polymerase-associated factor-1 (PAF1) complex (PAF1c), is primarily localized in the nucleus of cells. Recent studies show that CTR9 plays essential roles in the development of various human cancers and their occurrence; however, its regulatory roles and precise mechanisms in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remain unclear. In this study, we investigated the roles of CTR9 using in vitro assays and a xenograft mouse model.

Dexmedetomidine inhibits mitochondria damage and apoptosis of enteric glial cells in experimental intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury via SIRT3-dependent PINK1/HDAC3/p53 pathway.

Background: Intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury commonly occurs during perioperative periods, resulting in high morbidity and mortality on a global scale. Dexmedetomidine (Dex) is a selective α2-agonist that is frequently applied during perioperative periods for its analgesia effect; however, its ability to provide protection against intestinal I/R injury and underlying molecular mechanisms remain unclear.

Methods: To fill this gap, the protection of Dex against I/R injury was examined in a rat model of intestinal I/R injury and in an inflammation cell model, which was induced by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) plus interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) stimulation.

Drinking water arsenic exposure and blood pressure in healthy women of reproductive age in Inner Mongolia, China.

The extremely high exposure levels evaluated in prior investigations relating elevated levels of drinking water arsenic and hypertension prevalence make extrapolation to potential vascular effects at lower exposure levels very difficult. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 8790 women who had recently been pregnant in an area of Inner Mongolia, China known to have a gradient of drinking water arsenic exposure. This study observed increased systolic blood pressure levels with increasing drinking water arsenic, at lower exposure levels than previously reported in the literature.