Author Correction: Universal mechanical exfoliation of large-area 2D crystals.

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Universal mechanical exfoliation of large-area 2D crystals.

Two-dimensional materials provide extraordinary opportunities for exploring phenomena arising in atomically thin crystals. Beginning with the first isolation of graphene, mechanical exfoliation has been a key to provide high-quality two-dimensional materials, but despite improvements it is still limited in yield, lateral size and contamination. Here we introduce a contamination-free, one-step and universal Au-assisted mechanical exfoliation method and demonstrate its effectiveness by isolating 40 types of single-crystalline monolayers, including elemental two-dimensional crystals, metal-dichalcogenides, magnets and superconductors.

Spontaneous Formation of 1D Pattern in Monolayer VSe with Dispersive Adsorption of Pt Atoms for HER Catalysis.

Creation of functional patterns in two-dimensional (2D) materials provides opportunities to extend their potential for applications. Transition-metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) are suitable 2D materials for pattern generation because of properties including alterable polymorphic phases, easy chalcogen-vacancy formation, metal-atom insertion, and alloying. Such patterning can be used for selective functionalization.

Epitaxially grown monolayer VSe: an air-stable magnetic two-dimensional material with low work function at edges.

Recent experimental breakthroughs open up new opportunities for magnetism in few-atomic-layer two-dimensional (2D) materials, which makes fabrication of new magnetic 2D materials a fascinating issue. Here, we report the growth of monolayer VSe by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) method. Electronic properties measurements by scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS) method revealed that the as-grown monolayer VSe has magnetic characteristic peaks in its electronic density of states and a lower work-function at its edges.

Effect of heparin on prevention of flap loss in microsurgical free flap transfer: a meta-analysis.

The effectiveness of heparin for thromboprophylaxis during microvascular free flap transfer is uncertain. The purpose of this meta-analysis was to determine the effect of heparin on the prevention of flap loss in microsurgical free flap transfer.A search of PubMed, Cochrane databases, and Google Scholar using combinations of the search terms heparin, free flap, flap loss, free tissue transfer was conducted on March 15, 2013.

Cost-effective framework for basic surgical skills training.

Background: The importance of basic surgical skills is entirely agreed among surgical educators. However, restricted by ethical issues, finance etc, the basic surgical skills training is increasingly challenged. Increasing cost gives an impetus to the development of cost-effective training models to meet the trainees' acquisition of basic surgical skills.

K-ras and p53 gene mutations in noncancerous biliary lesions of patients with pancreaticobiliary maljunction.

Background/purpose: We investigated the molecular mechanisms of carcinogenesis in the biliary epithelium in patients with pancreaticobiliary maljunction.

Methods: Point mutations of the K- ras gene and the p53 gene, and the overexpression of p53 gene products were examined in the cancerous and noncancerous biliary epithelium of 37 patients with pancreaticobiliary maljunction, with or without biliary dilatation.

Results: In the gallbladder epithelium of 5 patients with pancreaticobiliary maljunction associated with biliary carcinoma, K- ras gene mutations were detected in 3 (60%), p53 gene mutations in 3 (60%), and the overexpression of p53 gene products in 4 (80%), while in the bile duct epithelium of these patients, these features were found in 2 of 3 (66.

Gastritis cystica polyposa associated with a gastric stump carcinoma, with special reference to cell kinetics and p53 gene aberrations.

We report a case of gastritis cystica polyposa (GCP) that developed in association with a small stump carcinoma. The patient had had distal gastrectomy for peptic ulcer 33 years prior to the present illness. Total gastrectomy was carried out for the stump carcinoma of the remnant stomach, followed by Roux-en-Y anastomosis.