[Risk factors of prostate cancer in urban Qingdao: a case-control study].

Objective: To investigate the risk factors of prostate cancer in urban Qingdao and provide some theoretical evidence for the scientific prevention and treatment of the disease.

Methods: We performed a hospital-based matched case-control study in Qingdao Municipal Hospital. The cases and controls were matched in age, gender, nationality and the place of residence.

[Retroperitoneal laparoscopy combined with urethral resection for treatment of renal pelvic carcinoma].

Objective: The purpose of this study is to explore the operation method and efficacy through retroperitoneal laparoscopy combined with urethral resection for treatment of renal pelvic carcinoma.

Methods: Total nephroureterectomy with excision of bladder cuff by retroperitoneal laparoscopy plus urethral resection was performed in 18 patients with pathologically confirmed pelvic transitional cell carcinoma (II-III, T1N0M0-T2N0M0). The operation was performed using Olympus celioscope (30 degrees or 0 degree) under general anesthesia.